Dry matter
89.5
100
%
-
1.8
83.1 -96.1
1261
2.8
Crude protein
36
40.2
%
-
1.8
31.1 -44.1
1439
1.8
35.6 -48.2
1254
Crude fibre
5.6
6.3
%
-
1
3.3 -9.1
319
1.1
3.5 -10
274
Crude fat
18.4
20.5
%
-
1.9
11.6 -23.7
353
2.1
12.9 -25.4
347
Ash
5.1
5.7
%
-
0.4
4.2 -6.5
277
0.4
4.5 -7.5
253
Insoluble ash
0.08
0.09
%
-
0.02
0.05 -0.1
9
0.03
0.06 -0.1
9
NDF
12
13.4
%
-
2.1
7 -14.6
44
2.3
7.5 -17.2
43
ADF
7
7.8
%
-
0.9
5.1 -8.2
48
1
5.6 -9.6
47
Lignin
0.9
1
%
-
0.7
0.3 -2.7
65
0.7
0.3 -3
62
Water insoluble cell walls
17.3
19.4
%
-
14.5 -23.5
2
1
Starch
5.3
5.9
%
-
2
0.5 -8.7
97
2.3
0.6 -10.2
95
Total sugars
7.5
8.4
%
-
0.8
5.7 -9
83
0.9
6.4 -11.4
82
Gross energy (kcal)
4980
5560
kcal/kg
-
160
4890 -5660
19
130
5520 -6020
23
Calcium
3
3.3
g/kg
-
0.7
0.8 -4.7
247
0.8
0.9 -5.3
236
Phosphorus
5.6
6.2
g/kg
-
0.5
4.1 -6.9
248
0.5
4.6 -7.6
238
Phytate phosphorus
3.3
3.7
g/kg
60
% P
Magnesium
2.3
2.6
g/kg
-
0.3
1.5 -2.8
17
0.3
1.7 -3.1
15
Potassium
18.1
20.2
g/kg
-
1.5
13.5 -19.2
29
1.6
15 -20.3
17
Sodium
0.05
0.05
g/kg
-
0.04
0 -0.3
76
0.04
0.01 -0.17
63
Chlorine
0.3
0.3
g/kg
-
0.09
0.09 -0.9
24
0.1
0.1 -0.4
13
Sulfur
2.8
3.2
g/kg
-
0.3
2.2 -3.2
13
0.3
2.4 -3.6
13
Dietary cation-anion difference
283
316
mEq/kg
-
Electrolyte balance
459
513
mEq/kg
-
Manganese
27
30
mg/kg
-
5
21 -35
14
5
22 -38
11
Zinc
44
50
mg/kg
-
19
35 -105
18
21
40 -116
12
Copper
13
15
mg/kg
-
5
11 -28
14
6
12 -31
11
Iron
106
119
mg/kg
-
19
60 -187
14
21
67 -143
11
Selenium
0.3
0.3
mg/kg
-
0.08
0.2 -0.5
11
0.09
0.2 -0.5
11
Cobalt
0.1
0.1
mg/kg
-
0.04
0.09 -0.2
10
0.05
0.1 -0.2
10
Molybdenum
4
4
mg/kg
-
Iodine
0.09
0.1
mg/kg
-
0.09 -0.09
4
0.1 -0.1
4
Lysine
22.4
25
g/kg
6.2
g/16g N
1.4
20 -27.2
68
1.4
21.7 -29.4
56
0.3
5.5-6.9
59
Threonine
14.6
16.3
g/kg
4
g/16g N
0.9
12.4 -15.8
30
0.9
13.6 -17.3
25
0.2
3.5-4.4
28
Methionine
5.2
5.8
g/kg
1.4
g/16g N
0.5
4.2 -7
50
0.5
4.8 -7.6
40
0.1
1.2-1.7
43
Cystine
5.3
5.9
g/kg
1.5
g/16g N
0.6
4.7 -8.1
37
0.7
5 -8.8
30
0.1
1.3-1.9
33
Methionine + cystine
10.5
11.8
g/kg
2.9
g/16g N
0.8
9 -12.1
36
0.9
9.8 -13.4
29
0.2
2.5-3.4
32
Tryptophan
4.6
5.1
g/kg
1.3
g/16g N
0.4
4.3 -5.2
8
4.8 -5.7
4
0.05
1.2-1.4
7
Isoleucine
16.8
18.7
g/kg
4.7
g/16g N
1.1
14.2 -19.1
25
1.2
16.5 -21.2
21
0.3
4.1-5.3
24
Valine
17.3
19.4
g/kg
4.8
g/16g N
1.4
14.6 -19.8
26
1.5
16.7 -21.9
22
0.3
4.4-5.5
25
Leucine
27.2
30.3
g/kg
7.5
g/16g N
1.8
23.5 -30.2
23
2
26.7 -33.5
19
0.3
6.9-8.4
22
Phenylalanine
18.2
20.3
g/kg
5.1
g/16g N
1.2
16.5 -20.7
25
1.3
18.3 -22.9
21
0.2
4.7-5.7
24
Tyrosine
12.8
14.3
g/kg
3.6
g/16g N
1.2
11.7 -15.7
21
1.3
13 -17.4
18
0.2
3.3-4.3
20
Phenylalanine + tyrosine
31
34.6
g/kg
8.6
g/16g N
2.3
28.3 -36.4
20
2.5
31.6 -40.3
17
0.4
8.2-10.1
19
Histidine
9.8
11
g/kg
2.7
g/16g N
1.1
8.6 -12.5
24
1.2
9.6 -13.8
20
0.3
2.3-3.3
23
Arginine
26.3
29.4
g/kg
7.3
g/16g N
2.4
20.6 -29.1
27
2.6
23.3 -33.3
23
0.5
6.1-8.1
26
Alanine
15.3
17.1
g/kg
4.3
g/16g N
1.3
12.5 -16.9
20
1.4
14.2 -19.2
16
0.2
3.8-4.7
19
Aspartic acid
40.1
44.8
g/kg
11.1
g/16g N
3.3
32.8 -45.7
26
3.6
37.2 -50.6
22
0.7
9.9-12.7
25
Glutamic acid
63.4
70.8
g/kg
17.6
g/16g N
5.3
56.9 -75.2
19
5.7
60.4 -83.3
15
1.1
16.2-20.8
18
Glycine
15.5
17.3
g/kg
4.3
g/16g N
1.2
12.9 -17.3
22
1.3
14.7 -19.2
18
0.2
3.9-4.6
21
Serine
18.9
21.2
g/kg
5.3
g/16g N
1.7
14.1 -20.8
24
1.9
15.6 -23
20
0.3
4.2-5.8
23
Proline
18.1
20.2
g/kg
5
g/16g N
1.6
16.5 -23.2
24
1.7
18.1 -25.6
20
0.4
4.6-5.9
23
C14:0 myristic acid
0.4
0.4
g/kg
0.2
% FA
0.3
0-1.1
14
C16:0 palmitic acid
19.8
22.1
g/kg
11.2
% FA
2.1
16.6 -23
17
2.2
17.8 -24.8
17
2.2
9.6-20.8
22
C16:1 palmitoleic acid
0.2
0.2
g/kg
0.1
% FA
0.08
0-0.2
7
C18:0 stearic acid
6.7
7.5
g/kg
3.8
% FA
0.8
4.8 -7.5
16
0.9
5.2 -8.4
16
0.4
3.2-4.8
22
C18:1 oleic acid
40.8
45.6
g/kg
23.1
% FA
3.5
34.1 -43.8
16
3.8
36.6 -49.1
16
1.6
19.8-27.3
23
C18:2 linoleic acid
95.4
107
g/kg
54
% FA
9.7
83.3 -112
18
10.6
90.1 -125
18
2.9
42.9-58.2
22
C18:3 linolenic acid
12.8
14.3
g/kg
7.2
% FA
2.6
11 -18.3
16
2.9
11.9 -20.4
16
0.9
4.8-8.7
22
Fatty acids
17.7
19.7
%
96
% fat
2
94-99
10
Vitamin E
8.6
9.6
mg/kg
-
Vitamin B1 thiamin
4.3
4.8
mg/kg
-
Vitamin B2 riboflavin
7.6
8.5
mg/kg
-
Vitamin B6 pyridoxine
2.3
2.5
mg/kg
-
Vitamin B12
0
0
µg/kg
-
Niacin
10.7
11.9
mg/kg
-
Pantothenic acid
4.8
5.3
mg/kg
-
Folic acid
0
0
mg/kg
-
Biotin
0.3
0.3
mg/kg
-
Choline
2152
2405
mg/kg
-
DE growing pig (kcal)
3810
4250
kcal/kg
-
420
4170 -5280
6
ME growing pig (kcal)
3570
3990
kcal/kg
-
NE growing pig (kcal)
2620
2930
kcal/kg
-
DE adult pig (kcal)
4160
4650
kcal/kg
-
ME adult pig (kcal)
3890
4340
kcal/kg
-
NE adult pig (kcal)
2820
3150
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility growing pig
-
76.4
%
6.7
74.8-92.3
6
OM digestibility growing pig
-
77.8
%
1
N digestibility growing pig
-
85.2
%
6.4
77-94.8
8
N digestibility ileal standardised pig
-
83
%
73-88
3
Crude fat digestibility pig
-
80
%
1
Energy digestibility adult pig
-
83.6
%
OM digestibility adult pig
-
86.2
%
N digestibility adult pig
-
91.2
%
Digestible P pig (no phytase)
1.8
2
g/kg
32
%
AMEn cockerel (kcal)
3310
3700
kcal/kg
-
170
3130 -3920
11
170
3540 -4200
12
AMEn cockerel, pelleted (kcal)
3530
3940
kcal/kg
-
AMEn broiler (kcal)
3210
3580
kcal/kg
-
1
AMEn broiler, pelleted (kcal)
3420
3830
kcal/kg
-
PDIA INRA 2007
183
204
g/kg
-
1
PDIN INRA 2007
270
302
g/kg
-
1
PDIE INRA 2007
215
240
g/kg
-
1
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal)
3360
3750
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007
-
87.2
%
1
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007
-
85
%
1
N digestibility ruminants
-
78.3
%
N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants
-
88
%
Fatty acids digestibility ruminants
-
78.2
%
Absorbable P ruminants
4.1
4.5
g/kg
73
% P
N degradability ruminants (k=0.06)
-
48
%
39-54
2
Immediately degradable N (a)
-
16
%
1
Potentially degradable N (b)
-
80
%
1
Degradation rate of particles N (c)
-
0.04
h-1
1
Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06)
-
80
%
DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06)
-
58
%
Immediately degradable DM (a)
-
29
%
Potentially degradable DM (b)
-
64
%
Degradation rate of particles DM (c)
-
0.05
h-1
Lysine ruminants INRA 2007
-
6.8
% PDIE
Threonine ruminants INRA 2007
-
4.7
% PDIE
Methionine ruminants INRA 2007
-
1.5
% PDIE
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.1
% PDIE
Valine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.3
% PDIE
Leucine ruminants INRA 2007
-
8.3
% PDIE
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.2
% PDIE
Histidine ruminants INRA 2007
-
2.4
% PDIE
Arginine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.6
% PDIE
OM digestibility horse
-
83
%
Energy digestibility horse
-
79.8
%
Horse Forage Unit
1.06
1.19
per kg
-
Digestible crude protein horse
283
317
g/kg
-
DE rabbit (kcal)
3940
4400
kcal/kg
-
ME rabbit (kcal)
3560
3980
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility rabbit
-
79.1
%
N digestibility rabbit
-
86.8
%
Lysine, ileal standardised, pig
19.5
21.8
g/kg
87
%
18.7 -22.1
3
20.6 -24.5
3
78-91
3
Threonine, ileal standardised, pig
12.2
13.6
g/kg
84
%
9.9 -13.7
3
11 -15.1
3
66-88
3
Methionine, ileal standardised, pig
4.4
5
g/kg
85
%
3.6 -4.6
3
4 -5
3
76-89
3
Cystine, ileal standardised, pig
4.2
4.7
g/kg
80
%
3.3 -5.9
3
3.7 -6.5
3
59-87
3
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig
8.7
9.7
g/kg
83
%
8 -10.4
2
9.1 -11.5
2
77-88
2
Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig
3.5
4
g/kg
77
%
3.3 -3.7
2
3.8 -4
2
71-77
2
Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig
14.2
15.9
g/kg
85
%
12.4 -17
3
13.7 -18.8
3
72-89
3
Valine, ileal standardised, pig
14.6
16.3
g/kg
84
%
12.6 -17.6
3
13.9 -19.4
3
70-89
3
Leucine, ileal standardised, pig
23
25.8
g/kg
85
%
21.6 -26.9
3
23.8 -29.8
3
73-89
3
Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig
15.7
17.5
g/kg
86
%
13.6 -18.8
3
15 -20.8
3
69-91
3
Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig
11.2
12.5
g/kg
88
%
83-92
2
Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig
26.9
30.1
g/kg
87
%
26.6 -33.3
2
82-92
2
Histidine, ileal standardised, pig
8.6
9.7
g/kg
88
%
8.1 -9.6
3
8.9 -10.7
3
79-92
3
Arginine, ileal standardised, pig
23.9
26.7
g/kg
91
%
23.8 -27.3
3
26.2 -30.3
3
82-94
3
Alanine, ileal standardised, pig
12.8
14.3
g/kg
83
%
11.9 -14.5
3
13.1 -16
3
72-87
3
Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig
34.9
39.1
g/kg
87
%
32.8 -41.4
3
36.2 -45.8
3
75-91
3
Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig
55.8
62.3
g/kg
88
%
53.6 -68.4
3
59.2 -75.7
3
77-91
3
Glycine, ileal standardised, pig
12.8
14.3
g/kg
82
%
11.6 -14.3
3
12.8 -15.8
3
71-87
3
Serine, ileal standardised, pig
16.2
18.1
g/kg
85
%
14.3 -18.6
3
15.8 -20.6
3
73-89
3
Proline, ileal standardised, pig
15.9
17.7
g/kg
88
%
15.5 -17.5
3
17.7 -19.4
3
75-92
3
Gross energy (MJ)
20.8
23.3
MJ/kg
-
0.6
20.5 -23.7
19
0.6
23.1 -25.2
23
Absorbable Ca ruminants
1.6
1.8
g/kg
55
% Ca
NDF digestibility ruminants
-
85
%
UFL FL1 INRA 2018
1.37
1.53
per kg
-
UFV FL1 INRA 2018
1.39
1.56
per kg
-
PDIA FL1 INRA 2018
139
155
g/kg
-
PDI FL1 INRA 2018
185
206
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018
118
132
g/kg
-
UFL INRA 2018
1.34
1.5
per kg
-
UFV INRA 2018
1.36
1.51
per kg
-
PDIA INRA 2018
158
176
g/kg
-
PDI INRA 2018
201
225
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance INRA 2018
100
111
g/kg
-
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
2360
2640
kcal/kg
-
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
2390
2670
kcal/kg
-
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
3520
3940
kcal/kg
-
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018
-
83.6
%
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018
-
85.8
%
N degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
50
%
Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
82
%
Lysine ruminants INRA 2018
-
6.8
% PDI
Threonine ruminants INRA 2018
-
4.6
% PDI
Methionine ruminants INRA 2018
-
1.5
% PDI
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018
-
4.8
% PDI
Valine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.2
% PDI
Leucine ruminants INRA 2018
-
8.4
% PDI
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.2
% PDI
Histidine ruminants INRA 2018
-
2.6
% PDI
Arginine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.7
% PDI
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ)
14.8
16.6
MJ/kg
-
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ)
9.9
11.1
MJ/kg
-
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ)
10.1
11.3
MJ/kg
-
DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
59
%
UFL FL4 INRA 2018
1.28
1.43
per kg
-
UFV FL4 INRA 2018
1.28
1.43
per kg
-
PDIA FL4 INRA 2018
180
201
g/kg
-
PDI FL4 INRA 2018
222
249
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018
76
85
g/kg
-
Origin France, ex factory
Phosphorus consumption
3.76
4.2
g P/kg
-
Origin France, ex factory
Cumulative energy demand (non-renewable: fossil+nuclear)
6.69
7.48
MJ/kg
-
Origin France, ex factory
Climate change (ILCD)
332
371
g CO2eq/kg
-
Origin France, ex factory
Acidification (ILCD)
0.0035
0.0039
mol H+eq/kg
-
Origin France, ex factory
Eutrophication (CML baseline)
14.05
15.7
g PO4---eq/kg
-
Origin France, ex factory
Land competition (CML non baseline)
0.0005
0.0006
m²yr/kg
-
Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018
0.292
0.326
per kg
-
Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry
19
21.3
g/kg
85
%
Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry
11.2
12.5
g/kg
77
%
Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry
4.4
4.9
g/kg
84
%
Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry
3.6
4
g/kg
68
%
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry
8
8.9
g/kg
76
%
Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry
3.4
3.8
g/kg
75
%
Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry
13.9
15.5
g/kg
83
%
Valine, ileal standardized, poultry
14.2
15.9
g/kg
82
%
Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry
22.5
25.2
g/kg
83
%
Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry
15.3
17.1
g/kg
84
%
Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry
10.4
11.6
g/kg
81
%
Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry
25.6
28.7
g/kg
83
%
Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry
8.2
9.2
g/kg
84
%
Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry
22.9
25.6
g/kg
87
%
Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry
12.4
13.9
g/kg
81
%
Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry
32.5
36.3
g/kg
81
%
Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry
53.2
59.5
g/kg
84
%
Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry
11.9
13.3
g/kg
77
%
Serine, ileal standardized, poultry
15.3
17.1
g/kg
81
%
Proline, ileal standardized, poultry
15
16.8
g/kg
83
%
C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C12:0 lauric acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
0
0-0.01
5
C18:4 stearidonic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C20:0 arachidic acid
0.5
0.6
g/kg
0.3
% FA
0.09
0.1-0.4
11
C20:1 eicosenoic acid
0.3
0.3
g/kg
0.2
% FA
0.04
0.1-0.2
6
C20:4 arachidonic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
1
C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
1
C22:0 behenic acid
0.8
0.9
g/kg
0.5
% FA
0.4-0.5
2
C22:1 erucic acid
0.3
0.3
g/kg
0.2
% FA
0-0.3
2
C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
1
C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
1
C24:0 lignoceric acid
0.4
0.4
g/kg
0.2
% FA
0.2-0.2
2
Digestible P pig (with phytase)
2.7
3
g/kg
48
%
Available P cockerel
1.4
1.6
g/kg
25
% P
Available P broiler
1.4
1.6
g/kg
25
% P
UFL INRA 2007
1.24
1.39
per kg
-
1
UFV INRA 2007
1.23
1.37
per kg
-
1
DE salmonids (kcal)
4280
4780
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility, salmonids
-
85.9
%
N digestibility salmonids
-
97.5
%
DE growing pig (MJ)
15.9
17.8
MJ/kg
-
ME growing pig (MJ)
15
16.7
MJ/kg
-
NE growing pig (MJ)
11
12.3
MJ/kg
-
DE adult pig (MJ)
17.4
19.5
MJ/kg
-
ME adult pig (MJ)
16.3
18.2
MJ/kg
-
NE adult pig (MJ)
11.8
13.2
MJ/kg
-
AMEn cockerel (MJ)
13.9
15.5
MJ/kg
-
AMEn broiler (MJ)
13.4
15
MJ/kg
-
1
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ)
14.1
15.7
MJ/kg
-
DE rabbit (MJ)
16.5
18.4
MJ/kg
-
ME rabbit (MJ)
14.9
16.6
MJ/kg
-
DE salmonids (MJ)
17.9
20
MJ/kg
-
VEM CVB 2018
1241
1387
per kg
-
VEVI CVB 2018
1341
1499
per kg
-
DVE CVB 1991
205
229
g/kg
-
OEB CVB 1991
102
114
g/kg
-
DVLYS CVB 1991
4.9
5.5
g/kg
-
DVMET CVB 1991
1.4
1.5
g/kg
-
TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001
94.8
106
%
-
DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001
4.46
4.99
Mcal/kg
-
NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001
2.6
2.91
Mcal/kg
-
NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001
2.47
2.76
Mcal/kg
-
NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001
2.59
2.89
Mcal/kg
-
NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001
1.86
2.08
Mcal/kg
-
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 25% concentrate) NRC 2001
-
49
%
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 50% concentrate) NRC 2001
-
56
%
EN Lactation ruminants GfE
8.8
9.8
MJ/kg
-
nxP ruminants GfE
311
347
g/kg
-
RNB ruminants GfE
8
9
g/kg
-
Origin Brazil, processed in France, average deforestation, ex factory
Phosphorus consumption
16.58
18.53
g P/kg
-
Origin Brazil, processed in France, average deforestation, ex factory
Cumulative energy demand (non-renewable: fossil+nuclear)
9.43
10.54
MJ/kg
-
Origin Brazil, processed in France, average deforestation, ex factory
Climate change (ILCD)
1399
1563
g CO2eq/kg
-
Origin Brazil, processed in France, average deforestation, ex factory
Acidification (ILCD)
0.0088
0.0099
mol H+eq/kg
-
Origin Brazil, processed in France, average deforestation, ex factory
Eutrophication (CML baseline)
29.07
32.49
g PO4---eq/kg
-
Origin Brazil, processed in France, average deforestation, ex factory
Land competition (CML non baseline)
0.0007
0.0008
m²yr/kg
-
Starch, enzymatic method
0.6
0.7
%
-
Vitamin A
0
0
1000 IU/kg
-
Vitamin D
0
0
1000 IU/kg
-
Vitamin K
0.3
0.4
mg/kg
-
Vitamin C
46.5
52
mg/kg
-