Dry matter
88
100
%
-
5.9
67.4 -95
26
9.5
Crude protein
7.8
8.9
%
-
2.3
3.3 -13.4
27
2.5
4 -14.9
31
Crude fibre
33
37.5
%
-
6.9
21.8 -44.3
23
7.4
24.2 -52.2
25
Crude fat
9.7
11
%
-
3
5 -16.9
15
3.4
5.4 -17.8
16
Ash
6
6.8
%
-
3.4
1.9 -15.7
22
3.8
2.2 -16.9
23
Insoluble ash
0.2
0.3
%
-
1
1
NDF
59.9
68
%
-
8.1
44.1 -72.8
12
8
49.7 -78.3
14
ADF
46.5
52.8
%
-
7.8
32.4 -59.7
12
8.1
34.8 -64.2
14
Lignin
23.5
26.7
%
-
3.4
19.7 -29.2
11
3.4
20.5 -32.4
11
Starch
0
0
%
-
Total sugars
3.8
4.3
%
-
Gross energy (kcal)
4300
4890
kcal/kg
-
1
1
Calcium
6.7
7.6
g/kg
-
3.2
3.2 -12.7
9
3.6
3.5 -14.9
8
Phosphorus
0.9
1.1
g/kg
-
0.4
0.5 -1.9
9
0.5
0.5 -2.1
8
Magnesium
0.3
0.4
g/kg
-
0.4 -0.4
2
Potassium
7.4
8.4
g/kg
-
4.7 -10.7
3
5.1 -11.7
3
Lysine
0.7
0.8
g/kg
0.9
g/16g N
0.8-0.9
2
Threonine
4.9
5.5
g/kg
6.2
g/16g N
5.5-6.9
2
Methionine
1.1
1.3
g/kg
1.5
g/16g N
1.3-1.6
2
Cystine
0.9
1
g/kg
1.1
g/16g N
1.1-1.1
2
Methionine + cystine
2
2.3
g/kg
2.6
g/16g N
Tryptophan
0.8
0.9
g/kg
1
g/16g N
Isoleucine
4.8
5.4
g/kg
6.1
g/16g N
6-6.2
2
Valine
5.2
6
g/kg
6.7
g/16g N
6.7-6.7
2
Leucine
8.2
9.3
g/kg
10.5
g/16g N
10.4-10.5
2
Phenylalanine
4.5
5.1
g/kg
5.8
g/16g N
5.7-5.8
2
Tyrosine
2.5
2.8
g/kg
3.2
g/16g N
3.1-3.2
2
Phenylalanine + tyrosine
7
7.9
g/kg
8.9
g/16g N
Histidine
1.3
1.5
g/kg
1.7
g/16g N
1.6-1.7
2
Arginine
5.6
6.3
g/kg
7.1
g/16g N
7.1-7.1
2
Alanine
4.5
5.1
g/kg
5.7
g/16g N
5.6-5.8
2
Aspartic acid
9.7
11
g/kg
12.4
g/16g N
12.1-12.6
2
Glutamic acid
10.2
11.6
g/kg
13.1
g/16g N
10.3-15.8
2
Glycine
4.8
5.4
g/kg
6.1
g/16g N
6.1-6.1
2
Serine
5.8
6.6
g/kg
7.4
g/16g N
7.3-7.5
2
Proline
1.4
1.6
g/kg
1.8
g/16g N
1.6-1.9
2
C16:0 palmitic acid
8.1
9.2
g/kg
10.5
% FA
7.9-16.5
4
C16:1 palmitoleic acid
0.8
0.9
g/kg
1.1
% FA
0.3-1.8
2
C18:0 stearic acid
2.2
2.5
g/kg
2.9
% FA
2.2-3.5
4
C18:1 oleic acid
56.9
64.6
g/kg
73.6
% FA
66.4-79.6
4
C18:2 linoleic acid
8.9
10.1
g/kg
11.5
% FA
6.1-16.4
4
C18:3 linolenic acid
0.7
0.8
g/kg
1
% FA
0.7-1.6
4
Fatty acids
7.7
8.8
%
80
% fat
DE growing pig (kcal)
1790
2040
kcal/kg
-
ME growing pig (kcal)
1700
1930
kcal/kg
-
NE growing pig (kcal)
1110
1260
kcal/kg
-
DE adult pig (kcal)
2110
2390
kcal/kg
-
ME adult pig (kcal)
1940
2200
kcal/kg
-
NE adult pig (kcal)
1260
1430
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility growing pig
-
41.6
%
OM digestibility growing pig
-
46.5
%
N digestibility growing pig
-
27.8
%
Crude fat digestibility pig
-
63.2
%
Energy digestibility adult pig
-
49
%
OM digestibility adult pig
-
54.1
%
N digestibility adult pig
-
51.9
%
PDIA INRA 2007
21
24
g/kg
-
PDIN INRA 2007
36
41
g/kg
-
PDIE INRA 2007
29
33
g/kg
-
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal)
940
1070
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007
-
27.2
%
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007
-
28.7
%
18.5-39.6
4
N digestibility ruminants
-
26.8
%
N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants
-
40
%
Fatty acids digestibility ruminants
-
76.9
%
Absorbable P ruminants
0.6
0.7
g/kg
68
% P
N degradability ruminants (k=0.06)
-
40
%
27-66
4
Immediately degradable N (a)
-
14
%
14-31
3
Potentially degradable N (b)
-
45
%
45-51
3
Degradation rate of particles N (c)
-
0.08
h-1
0.061-0.143
3
Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06)
-
80
%
DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06)
-
30
%
17-32
2
Lysine ruminants INRA 2007
-
4
% PDIE
Threonine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.7
% PDIE
Methionine ruminants INRA 2007
-
1.6
% PDIE
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.8
% PDIE
Valine ruminants INRA 2007
-
6.3
% PDIE
Leucine ruminants INRA 2007
-
9.9
% PDIE
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.6
% PDIE
Histidine ruminants INRA 2007
-
1.9
% PDIE
Arginine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.4
% PDIE
OM digestibility horse
-
57.3
%
Energy digestibility horse
-
55.4
%
Horse Forage Unit
0.71
0.81
per kg
-
Digestible crude protein horse
24
28
g/kg
-
DE rabbit (kcal)
1410
1610
kcal/kg
-
1
ME rabbit (kcal)
1380
1570
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility rabbit
-
32.8
%
N digestibility rabbit
-
29.5
%
1
Gross energy (MJ)
18
20.5
MJ/kg
-
1
1
Absorbable Ca ruminants
3.7
4.2
g/kg
55
% Ca
NDF digestibility ruminants
-
50
%
UFL FL1 INRA 2018
0.29
0.33
per kg
-
UFV FL1 INRA 2018
0.18
0.2
per kg
-
PDIA FL1 INRA 2018
18
20
g/kg
-
PDI FL1 INRA 2018
48
54
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018
-25
-29
g/kg
-
UFL INRA 2018
0.27
0.3
per kg
-
UFV INRA 2018
0.16
0.18
per kg
-
PDIA INRA 2018
19
21
g/kg
-
PDI INRA 2018
48
54
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance INRA 2018
-26
-30
g/kg
-
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
470
530
kcal/kg
-
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
270
310
kcal/kg
-
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
860
980
kcal/kg
-
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018
-
27.3
%
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018
-
25.8
%
N degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
41
%
Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
82
%
Lysine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.4
% PDI
Threonine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.7
% PDI
Methionine ruminants INRA 2018
-
1.9
% PDI
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.8
% PDI
Valine ruminants INRA 2018
-
6.1
% PDI
Leucine ruminants INRA 2018
-
9.3
% PDI
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.4
% PDI
Histidine ruminants INRA 2018
-
1.9
% PDI
Arginine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.2
% PDI
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ)
3.7
4.2
MJ/kg
-
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ)
2
2.3
MJ/kg
-
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ)
1.2
1.3
MJ/kg
-
DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
29
%
UFL FL4 INRA 2018
0.22
0.25
per kg
-
UFV FL4 INRA 2018
0.12
0.13
per kg
-
PDIA FL4 INRA 2018
20
23
g/kg
-
PDI FL4 INRA 2018
49
55
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018
-29
-33
g/kg
-
Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018
0.494
0.562
per kg
-
C14:0 myristic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
0-0
2
Water insoluble cell walls
59.1
67.2
%
-
Phytate phosphorus
0.6
0.6
g/kg
60
% P
Sodium
1.79
2.04
g/kg
-
Chlorine
3.5
4
g/kg
-
Electrolyte balance
169
191
mEq/kg
-
Manganese
29
33
mg/kg
-
Zinc
22
25
mg/kg
-
Copper
23
26
mg/kg
-
Cobalt
0.3
0.4
mg/kg
-
C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C12:0 lauric acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
0-0
2
C18:4 stearidonic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C20:0 arachidic acid
0.4
0.4
g/kg
0.5
% FA
0.4-0.5
4
C20:1 eicosenoic acid
0.3
0.3
g/kg
0.4
% FA
0.3-0.4
2
C20:4 arachidonic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
1
C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C22:0 behenic acid
0.1
0.1
g/kg
0.1
% FA
0.1-0.2
2
C22:1 erucic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
1
C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C24:0 lignoceric acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
1
Digestible P pig (no phytase)
0.3
0.3
g/kg
30
%
Digestible P pig (with phytase)
0.4
0.5
g/kg
45
%
AMEn cockerel (kcal)
1100
1250
kcal/kg
-
AMEn broiler (kcal)
1000
1130
kcal/kg
-
Available P cockerel
0.2
0.3
g/kg
25
% P
Available P broiler
0.2
0.3
g/kg
25
% P
UFL INRA 2007
0.29
0.33
per kg
-
UFV INRA 2007
0.18
0.2
per kg
-
DE salmonids (kcal)
2320
2640
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility, salmonids
-
54
%
N digestibility salmonids
-
78.2
%
Lysine, ileal standardised, pig
0.3
0.4
g/kg
50
%
Threonine, ileal standardised, pig
2.6
3
g/kg
54
%
Methionine, ileal standardised, pig
0.8
0.9
g/kg
70
%
Cystine, ileal standardised, pig
0.4
0.5
g/kg
46
%
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig
1.2
1.4
g/kg
60
%
Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig
0.4
0.5
g/kg
55
%
Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig
3.1
3.5
g/kg
65
%
Valine, ileal standardised, pig
3.2
3.6
g/kg
61
%
Leucine, ileal standardised, pig
5.4
6.2
g/kg
67
%
Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig
3.1
3.6
g/kg
70
%
Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig
1.6
1.8
g/kg
65
%
Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig
4.8
5.4
g/kg
68
%
Histidine, ileal standardised, pig
0.8
0.9
g/kg
63
%
Arginine, ileal standardised, pig
4.3
4.9
g/kg
77
%
Alanine, ileal standardised, pig
2.5
2.9
g/kg
57
%
Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig
6
6.9
g/kg
62
%
Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig
7.4
8.4
g/kg
73
%
Glycine, ileal standardised, pig
2.1
2.4
g/kg
43
%
Serine, ileal standardised, pig
3.4
3.9
g/kg
59
%
Proline, ileal standardised, pig
0.8
0.9
g/kg
60
%
Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry
0.4
0.5
g/kg
62
%
Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry
2.8
3.2
g/kg
58
%
Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry
0.8
0.9
g/kg
71
%
Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry
0.5
0.6
g/kg
60
%
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry
1.3
1.5
g/kg
67
%
Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry
0.5
0.6
g/kg
63
%
Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry
3.2
3.7
g/kg
68
%
Valine, ileal standardized, poultry
3.4
3.9
g/kg
65
%
Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry
5.3
6.1
g/kg
65
%
Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry
3.1
3.5
g/kg
68
%
Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry
1.5
1.7
g/kg
60
%
Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry
4.5
5.2
g/kg
65
%
Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry
0.8
0.9
g/kg
63
%
Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry
3.8
4.3
g/kg
68
%
Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry
2.9
3.3
g/kg
64
%
Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry
6
6.8
g/kg
62
%
Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry
7
8
g/kg
69
%
Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry
2.8
3.2
g/kg
59
%
Serine, ileal standardized, poultry
3.7
4.2
g/kg
64
%
Proline, ileal standardized, poultry
0.9
1
g/kg
66
%
DE growing pig (MJ)
7.5
8.5
MJ/kg
-
ME growing pig (MJ)
7.1
8.1
MJ/kg
-
NE growing pig (MJ)
4.6
5.3
MJ/kg
-
DE adult pig (MJ)
8.8
10
MJ/kg
-
ME adult pig (MJ)
8.1
9.2
MJ/kg
-
NE adult pig (MJ)
5.3
6
MJ/kg
-
AMEn cockerel (MJ)
4.6
5.2
MJ/kg
-
AMEn broiler (MJ)
4.2
4.7
MJ/kg
-
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ)
3.9
4.5
MJ/kg
-
DE rabbit (MJ)
5.9
6.7
MJ/kg
-
1
ME rabbit (MJ)
5.8
6.6
MJ/kg
-
DE salmonids (MJ)
9.7
11
MJ/kg
-
VEM CVB 2018
287
326
per kg
-
VEVI CVB 2018
192
219
per kg
-
DVE CVB 1991
-17
-19
g/kg
-
OEB CVB 1991
13
15
g/kg
-
DVLYS CVB 1991
-1.5
-1.7
g/kg
-
DVMET CVB 1991
0.3
0.4
g/kg
-
TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001
37.6
42.8
%
-
DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001
1.65
1.87
Mcal/kg
-
NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001
0.68
0.77
Mcal/kg
-
NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001
0.63
0.71
Mcal/kg
-
NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001
0.61
0.7
Mcal/kg
-
NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001
0.15
0.17
Mcal/kg
-
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 25% concentrate) NRC 2001
-
58
%
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 50% concentrate) NRC 2001
-
62
%
EN Lactation ruminants GfE
2
2.3
MJ/kg
-
nxP ruminants GfE
79
90
g/kg
-
RNB ruminants GfE
-0.2
-0.2
g/kg
-
Starch, enzymatic method
0
0
%
-
Vitamin D
0
0
1000 IU/kg
-