Dry matter 96.3 100 % - 1.4 93.3 -98 11 2.1 Crude protein 81.3 84.4 % - 4.1 71.2 -87 11 4.1 75.6 -89.9 11 Crude fibre 0.1 0.1 % - 1 1 Ash 7 7.3 % - 1.5 5.4 -9.3 8 1.5 5.5 -9.6 8 Insoluble ash 0.2 0.2 % - 1 Starch 0 0 % - Total sugars 0 0 % - Gross energy (kcal) 5430 5630 kcal/kg - 5250 -5660 2 5360 -6010 2 Calcium 4.7 4.9 g/kg - 2.5 0.9 -7.2 6 2.6 0.9 -7.4 6 Phosphorus 14.3 14.9 g/kg - Magnesium 1.9 2 g/kg - Potassium 11.4 11.9 g/kg - Sodium 10.15 10.53 g/kg - 8.75 -14.5 4 9.38 -14.93 4 Chlorine 16.1 16.7 g/kg - 5.8 12.3 -25.1 5 14.4 -25.8 4 Sulfur 4.2 4.3 g/kg - Dietary cation-anion difference 20 21 mEq/kg - Electrolyte balance 282 293 mEq/kg - Manganese 52 54 mg/kg - Zinc 122 127 mg/kg - Copper 37 38 mg/kg - Iron 314 326 mg/kg - 1 1 Selenium 2 2 mg/kg - Lysine 49.5 51.3 g/kg 6.1 g/16g N 35.3 -58.6 3 36.7 -62.8 3 4.4-7.2 3 Threonine 27.6 28.6 g/kg 3.4 g/16g N 20.8 -29.8 2 21.6 -31.7 2 2.6-4.2 2 Methionine 18.5 19.2 g/kg 2.3 g/16g N 12.8 -22.8 3 13.3 -24.4 3 1.6-2.8 3 Cystine 5.2 5.4 g/kg 0.6 g/16g N 3.1 -6.4 2 3.2 -6.8 2 0.4-0.9 2 Methionine + cystine 23.7 24.6 g/kg 2.9 g/16g N 15.8 -23.9 2 16.4 -25.4 2 2-3.4 2 Tryptophan 8.9 9.3 g/kg 1.1 g/16g N Isoleucine 21.3 22.1 g/kg 2.6 g/16g N 14.7 -24.2 2 15.3 -25.7 2 1.8-3.4 2 Valine 27.9 28.9 g/kg 3.4 g/16g N 21.7 -29.6 2 22.5 -31.4 2 2.7-4.2 2 Leucine 39.8 41.3 g/kg 4.9 g/16g N 30.5 -42.6 2 31.7 -45.2 2 3.8-6 2 Phenylalanine 21.9 22.7 g/kg 2.7 g/16g N 16.4 -23.8 2 17 -25.3 2 2-3.3 2 Tyrosine 14.1 14.6 g/kg 1.7 g/16g N 7.2 -18.3 2 7.5 -19.4 2 0.9-2.6 2 Phenylalanine + tyrosine 36 37.4 g/kg 4.4 g/16g N 23.6 -42.1 2 24.5 -44.7 2 2.9-5.9 2 Histidine 12.6 13.1 g/kg 1.6 g/16g N 11.3 -13.3 2 1.4-1.8 2 Arginine 47.2 49 g/kg 5.8 g/16g N 5.2-6.4 2 Alanine 52.9 54.9 g/kg 6.5 g/16g N 44.5 -54.1 2 47.3 -56.2 2 6.3-6.7 2 Aspartic acid 55.8 57.9 g/kg 6.9 g/16g N 46.5 -56.5 2 48.3 -60 2 5.8-7.9 2 Glutamic acid 98.9 103 g/kg 12.2 g/16g N 10.8-13.5 2 Glycine 97.6 101 g/kg 12 g/16g N 74 -109 2 78.6 -113 2 10.4-13.6 2 Serine 35.8 37.1 g/kg 4.4 g/16g N 4-4.8 2 Proline 29.8 31 g/kg 3.7 g/16g N 1 1 1 C14:0 myristic acid 4.7 4.8 g/kg 6 % FA 2.3 2.8-11.2 15 C16:0 palmitic acid 13.8 14.3 g/kg 17.8 % FA 4.7 10.3-28.2 15 C16:1 palmitoleic acid 5.6 5.8 g/kg 7.2 % FA 2.3 4.2-12.3 15 C18:0 stearic acid 2.7 2.9 g/kg 3.6 % FA 1.6 0.6-6.4 15 C18:1 oleic acid 9.5 9.9 g/kg 12.3 % FA 3.9 5.5-20.2 15 C18:2 linoleic acid 1.6 1.7 g/kg 2.1 % FA 1.3 0.7-4.5 6 C18:3 linolenic acid 1.4 1.5 g/kg 1.9 % FA 1.5-2.2 2 C18:4 stearidonic acid 1.1 1.2 g/kg 1.5 % FA 1-1.9 2 C20:1 eicosenoic acid 5.1 5.3 g/kg 6.6 % FA 4.7 0.6-12.9 9 C20:4 arachidonic acid 1.8 1.9 g/kg 2.4 % FA 2-2.8 2 C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid 7 7.2 g/kg 9 % FA 5.9-12.1 2 C22:1 erucic acid 6 6.2 g/kg 7.7 % FA 6 0.4-16.9 8 C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid 2 2.1 g/kg 2.6 % FA 1.9-3.4 2 C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid 5.1 5.3 g/kg 6.6 % FA 3.9-9.3 2 Fatty acids 7.7 8 % 73 % fat 69-77 4 Vitamin B1 thiamin 0.9 0.9 mg/kg - Vitamin B2 riboflavin 5.7 5.9 mg/kg - Vitamin B6 pyridoxine 1.7 1.7 mg/kg - Vitamin B12 518 538 µg/kg - Niacin 101 104 mg/kg - Pantothenic acid 12 12.5 mg/kg - Folic acid 0.8 0.8 mg/kg - Biotin 0.3 0.3 mg/kg - Choline 4144 4301 mg/kg - DE growing pig (kcal) 4610 4790 kcal/kg - ME growing pig (kcal) 4160 4320 kcal/kg - NE growing pig (kcal) 2670 2770 kcal/kg - DE adult pig (kcal) 4610 4790 kcal/kg - ME adult pig (kcal) 4160 4320 kcal/kg - NE adult pig (kcal) 2650 2750 kcal/kg - Energy digestibility growing pig - 85 % OM digestibility growing pig - 85 % N digestibility growing pig - 85 % N digestibility ileal standardised pig - 93 % 1 Crude fat digestibility pig - 85 % Energy digestibility adult pig - 85 % OM digestibility adult pig - 85 % N digestibility adult pig - 85 % AMEn cockerel (kcal) 4100 4260 kcal/kg - 1 1 AMEn broiler (kcal) 4100 4260 kcal/kg - Available P broiler 12.2 12.6 g/kg 85 % P N digestibility salmonids - 94.5 % Lysine, ileal standardised, pig 47.6 49.4 g/kg 96 % 1 1 1 Threonine, ileal standardised, pig 26.4 27.4 g/kg 96 % 1 1 1 Methionine, ileal standardised, pig 17.8 18.5 g/kg 96 % 1 1 1 Cystine, ileal standardised, pig 4.3 4.5 g/kg 83 % 1 1 1 Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig 21.4 22.2 g/kg 94 % 1 1 1 Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig 20.6 21.4 g/kg 97 % 1 1 1 Valine, ileal standardised, pig 26.9 27.9 g/kg 96 % 1 1 1 Leucine, ileal standardised, pig 38.8 40.3 g/kg 98 % 1 1 1 Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig 21.7 22.5 g/kg 99 % 1 1 1 Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 13.8 14.3 g/kg 98 % 1 1 1 Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 32.9 34.1 g/kg 99 % 1 1 1 Histidine, ileal standardised, pig 12 12.4 g/kg 95 % 1 1 1 Arginine, ileal standardised, pig 46.5 48.3 g/kg 98 % 1 1 1 Alanine, ileal standardised, pig 51.2 53.2 g/kg 97 % 1 1 1 Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig 49.5 51.4 g/kg 89 % 1 1 1 Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig 95.7 99.3 g/kg 97 % 1 1 1 Glycine, ileal standardised, pig 92.5 96.1 g/kg 95 % 1 1 1 Serine, ileal standardised, pig 34.5 35.8 g/kg 96 % 1 1 1 Proline, ileal standardised, pig 29.2 30.3 g/kg 98 % 1 1 1 Gross energy (MJ) 22.7 23.6 MJ/kg - 22 -23.7 2 22.4 -25.2 2 Crude fat 10.6 11 % - NDF 0 0 % - ADF 0 0 % - Lignin 0 0 % - Water insoluble cell walls 0 0 % - Phytate phosphorus 0 0 g/kg 0 % P Cobalt 3 3 mg/kg - C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C12:0 lauric acid 0.1 0.1 g/kg 0.1 % FA 0.1-0.2 2 C20:0 arachidic acid 0.3 0.3 g/kg 0.3 % FA 0.3-0.4 2 C22:0 behenic acid 0.2 0.2 g/kg 0.3 % FA 0.2-0.4 2 C24:0 lignoceric acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA Digestible P pig (no phytase) 11 11.4 g/kg 77 % Digestible P pig (with phytase) 11 11.4 g/kg 77 % Available P cockerel 12.2 12.6 g/kg 85 % P UFL INRA 2007 1.38 1.44 per kg - UFV INRA 2007 1.37 1.42 per kg - PDIA INRA 2007 377 392 g/kg - PDIN INRA 2007 590 612 g/kg - PDIE INRA 2007 409 425 g/kg - ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal) 3720 3860 kcal/kg - Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 100 % OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 95.3 % 93-97.7 3 N digestibility ruminants - 81.1 % N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants - 85 % Fatty acids digestibility ruminants - 76.6 % Absorbable P ruminants 12.9 13.4 g/kg 90 % P N degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 51 % Immediately degradable N (a) - 30 % 8 17-48 16 Potentially degradable N (b) - 41 % 24 15-120 16 Degradation rate of particles N (c) - 0.061 h-1 0.062 0.006-0.21 16 Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06) - 0 % DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 47 % Immediately degradable DM (a) - 23 % 8-29 4 Potentially degradable DM (b) - 36 % 21-57 4 Degradation rate of particles DM (c) - 0.126 h-1 0.05-0.21 4 Lysine ruminants INRA 2007 - 7.7 % PDIE Threonine ruminants INRA 2007 - 4.6 % PDIE Methionine ruminants INRA 2007 - 2.4 % PDIE Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 4.2 % PDIE Valine ruminants INRA 2007 - 4.7 % PDIE Leucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 7.1 % PDIE Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007 - 3.5 % PDIE Histidine ruminants INRA 2007 - 2 % PDIE Arginine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.6 % PDIE DE rabbit (kcal) 5610 5820 kcal/kg - ME rabbit (kcal) 5220 5420 kcal/kg - Energy digestibility rabbit - 100 % N digestibility rabbit - 38.8 % DE salmonids (kcal) 5100 5290 kcal/kg - Energy digestibility, salmonids - 94 % Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig 8.2 8.5 g/kg 92 % 4 86-97 7 Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry 42.9 44.5 g/kg 87 % Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry 23 23.8 g/kg 83 % Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry 16.5 17.2 g/kg 89 % Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 4 4.2 g/kg 78 % Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 19.9 20.6 g/kg 87 % Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry 7.7 8 g/kg 86 % Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry 18.3 19 g/kg 86 % Valine, ileal standardized, poultry 24 24.9 g/kg 86 % Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry 35.1 36.4 g/kg 88 % Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry 19.3 20.1 g/kg 88 % Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 12.4 12.9 g/kg 88 % Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 29.4 30.5 g/kg 88 % Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry 10.8 11.3 g/kg 86 % Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry 42 43.6 g/kg 89 % Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry 45.7 47.4 g/kg 86 % Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 45.8 47.6 g/kg 82 % Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 89.1 92.4 g/kg 90 % Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry 82.1 85.2 g/kg 84 % Serine, ileal standardized, poultry 30.2 31.4 g/kg 85 % Proline, ileal standardized, poultry 25.6 26.6 g/kg 86 % DE growing pig (MJ) 19.3 20 MJ/kg - ME growing pig (MJ) 17.4 18.1 MJ/kg - NE growing pig (MJ) 11.2 11.6 MJ/kg - DE adult pig (MJ) 19.3 20 MJ/kg - ME adult pig (MJ) 17.4 18.1 MJ/kg - NE adult pig (MJ) 11.1 11.5 MJ/kg - AMEn cockerel (MJ) 17.2 17.8 MJ/kg - 1 1 AMEn broiler (MJ) 17.2 17.8 MJ/kg - ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ) 15.6 16.2 MJ/kg - DE rabbit (MJ) 23.5 24.4 MJ/kg - ME rabbit (MJ) 21.8 22.7 MJ/kg - DE salmonids (MJ) 21.3 22.2 MJ/kg - Absorbable Ca ruminants 2.6 2.7 g/kg 55 % Ca NDF digestibility ruminants - 0 % VEM CVB 2018 1380 1433 per kg - VEVI CVB 2018 1499 1556 per kg - DVE CVB 1991 405 421 g/kg - OEB CVB 1991 321 334 g/kg - DVLYS CVB 1991 5.3 5.5 g/kg - DVMET CVB 1991 1.9 1.9 g/kg - TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001 77.2 80.2 % - DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001 4.88 5.07 Mcal/kg - NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001 2.77 2.87 Mcal/kg - NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001 2.63 2.73 Mcal/kg - NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001 2.84 2.94 Mcal/kg - NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001 2.04 2.12 Mcal/kg - Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 25% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 48 % Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 50% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 51 % EN Lactation ruminants GfE 9.8 10.1 MJ/kg - nxP ruminants GfE 545 566 g/kg - RNB ruminants GfE 43 44 g/kg - UFL FL1 INRA 2018 1.58 1.64 per kg - UFV FL1 INRA 2018 1.63 1.69 per kg - PDIA FL1 INRA 2018 322 335 g/kg - PDI FL1 INRA 2018 370 384 g/kg - Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018 345 358 g/kg - UFL INRA 2018 1.59 1.65 per kg - UFV INRA 2018 1.64 1.7 per kg - PDIA INRA 2018 345 358 g/kg - PDI INRA 2018 391 406 g/kg - Rumen protein balance INRA 2018 322 334 g/kg - NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 2790 2900 kcal/kg - NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 2880 2990 kcal/kg - ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 4100 4260 kcal/kg - OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 94 % Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 98.7 % N degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 50 % Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 0 % Lysine ruminants INRA 2018 - 7.6 % PDI Threonine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.5 % PDI Methionine ruminants INRA 2018 - 2.6 % PDI Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 3.3 % PDI Valine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.6 % PDI Leucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 7.1 % PDI Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018 - 3.8 % PDI Histidine ruminants INRA 2018 - 2 % PDI Arginine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.7 % PDI DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 47 % Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018 0.413 0.429 per kg - UFL FL4 INRA 2018 1.52 1.58 per kg - UFV FL4 INRA 2018 1.56 1.62 per kg - PDIA FL4 INRA 2018 377 391 g/kg - PDI FL4 INRA 2018 420 436 g/kg - Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018 288 299 g/kg - Starch, enzymatic method 0 0 % - Vitamin A 0 0 1000 IU/kg - Vitamin D 2.1 2.2 1000 IU/kg -