Dry matter 95.1 100 % - 1.6 92.1 -97.3 18 2.4 Crude protein 52.4 55.1 % - 4.2 41.7 -59.3 35 4.3 45 -64.8 19 Crude fibre 1.6 1.6 % - 0.4 0.6 -2.3 11 0.4 0.7 -2.4 11 Crude fat 13.6 14.3 % - 2 10.3 -16.2 15 2.1 10.6 -16.9 14 Ash 26.8 28.2 % - 4.9 12.8 -37.6 17 5.1 13.7 -40.6 17 Starch 0 0 % - Total sugars 0 0 % - Gross energy (kcal) 4180 4400 kcal/kg - Calcium 86.7 91.2 g/kg - 25.5 7.6 -131 20 26.8 8.2 -142 17 Phosphorus 42 44.2 g/kg - 13 2.9 -66 20 13.6 3.1 -71.3 17 Magnesium 2 2.1 g/kg - Potassium 4.9 5.2 g/kg - Sodium 6.07 6.38 g/kg - 0.88 5 -8.2 17 0.92 5.33 -8.57 14 Chlorine 3.2 3.3 g/kg - 1.2 1 -4.9 9 1.3 1.1 -5.1 7 Electrolyte balance 300 316 mEq/kg - Lysine 26.5 27.9 g/kg 5.1 g/16g N 5.5 22.1 -31.8 14 5.8 23 -38 5 0.5 4.1-5.9 15 Threonine 17.5 18.4 g/kg 3.3 g/16g N 1.3 14.8 -20.2 14 1.3 16.1 -19.3 5 0.3 2.9-3.7 15 Methionine 6.7 7.1 g/kg 1.3 g/16g N 0.7 6.3 -8.7 13 0.09 1.3-1.6 14 Cystine 5.8 6.1 g/kg 1.1 g/16g N 0.9 3.2 -6.2 13 0.2 0.6-1.1 14 Methionine + cystine 12.5 13.2 g/kg 2.4 g/16g N 1.4 10.1 -14.9 13 11.9 -13.9 3 0.3 1.8-2.7 13 Tryptophan 3.3 3.5 g/kg 0.6 g/16g N 0.5 2.8 -4.3 7 0.08 0.5-0.8 7 Isoleucine 15.3 16.1 g/kg 2.9 g/16g N 3.5 11.5 -16.1 14 3.7 13.2 -22.5 5 0.3 2.2-3.5 15 Valine 23.4 24.6 g/kg 4.5 g/16g N 3.2 19.5 -25.5 14 3.4 21.8 -30.1 5 0.3 3.9-5 15 Leucine 31.8 33.4 g/kg 6.1 g/16g N 4.7 28.5 -34.1 4 4.9 29.3 -41.7 5 0.3 5.7-6.4 5 Phenylalanine 17.9 18.9 g/kg 3.4 g/16g N 2.2 16 -18.1 4 2.3 17 -22.3 5 0.2 3.1-3.6 5 Tyrosine 11.7 12.4 g/kg 2.2 g/16g N 10.8 -12.3 3 11.2 -16.1 4 2-2.5 4 Phenylalanine + tyrosine 29.7 31.2 g/kg 5.7 g/16g N 26.8 -30.4 3 28.3 -31.6 3 Histidine 10.5 11 g/kg 2 g/16g N 8.8 -15.2 3 9.4 -15.8 4 1.7-2.8 4 Arginine 36.4 38.2 g/kg 6.9 g/16g N 3.4 32.3 -43.7 13 36.5 -38.8 4 0.5 5.9-7.8 14 Alanine 40.3 42.4 g/kg 7.7 g/16g N 3.6 35.9 -45.7 4 3.7 38.2 -47 5 1.3 6.7-9.8 5 Aspartic acid 38.9 40.9 g/kg 7.4 g/16g N 2.8 36.4 -40.5 4 2.9 38.1 -45.4 5 0.7 7-8.6 5 Glutamic acid 62.1 65.3 g/kg 11.9 g/16g N 5.7 58.5 -65.8 4 5.9 60.2 -75.1 5 0.5 11.5-12.6 5 Glycine 66.8 70.2 g/kg 12.7 g/16g N 2.9 66.7 -70.9 4 2.9 65.2 -72.9 5 1.7 10.1-14.5 5 Serine 21.2 22.3 g/kg 4.1 g/16g N Proline 42.2 44.4 g/kg 8.1 g/16g N 41.1 -43.4 3 43.2 -44.6 4 6.8-8.2 4 C12:0 lauric acid 0.1 0.1 g/kg 0.2 % FA 0.1-0.2 2 C14:0 myristic acid 1.6 1.7 g/kg 1.7 % FA 0.1 1.5-1.8 6 C16:0 palmitic acid 23.7 24.9 g/kg 24.9 % FA 2.6 22.4-28.9 8 C16:1 palmitoleic acid 2.7 2.8 g/kg 2.8 % FA 0.8 2.1-4 5 C18:0 stearic acid 14.7 15.5 g/kg 15.5 % FA 2.5 12.4-19.6 8 C18:1 oleic acid 41.2 43.4 g/kg 43.4 % FA 3.6 38-47.7 8 C18:2 linoleic acid 9.1 9.5 g/kg 9.5 % FA 1.7 8-13.2 8 C18:3 linolenic acid 0.8 0.8 g/kg 0.8 % FA 0.6 0-2.1 8 C20:0 arachidic acid 1.2 1.3 g/kg 1.3 % FA 0.1-2.5 3 Fatty acids 9.5 10 % 70 % fat AMEn cockerel (kcal) 2990 3140 kcal/kg - AMEn broiler (kcal) 2910 3060 kcal/kg - Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry 20.4 21.5 g/kg 77 % 1 4 72-84 7 Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry 12.4 13 g/kg 71 % 1 8 60-80 7 Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry 5.3 5.6 g/kg 78 % 1 4 74-85 7 Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.4 2.5 g/kg 42 % 1 17 12-62 7 Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 7.7 8.1 g/kg 61 % 1 Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry 11.4 12 g/kg 75 % 1 6 68-84 7 Valine, ileal standardized, poultry 17.4 18.3 g/kg 74 % 1 6 66-82 7 Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry 24.3 25.6 g/kg 77 % 1 5 70-84 7 Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry 14.1 14.8 g/kg 78 % 1 4 71-85 7 Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 8.9 9.4 g/kg 76 % 1 5 71-83 6 Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 23 24.2 g/kg 77 % Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry 7.7 8.1 g/kg 74 % 1 5 66-81 7 Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry 29.2 30.7 g/kg 80 % 1 4 74-85 7 Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry 31.8 33.5 g/kg 79 % 1 3 74-83 7 Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 23.5 24.7 g/kg 60 % 1 7 48-67 7 Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 47 49.5 g/kg 76 % 1 5 69-83 7 Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry 50.5 53.1 g/kg 76 % 1 4 69-81 7 Serine, ileal standardized, poultry 14.6 15.4 g/kg 69 % 1 7 58-78 7 Proline, ileal standardized, poultry 30.5 32.1 g/kg 72 % 1 5 66-78 7 Gross energy (MJ) 17.5 18.4 MJ/kg - Origin France, ex factory Phosphorus consumption 0 0 g P/kg - Origin France, ex factory Cumulative energy demand (non-renewable: fossil+nuclear) 6 6.32 MJ/kg - Origin France, ex factory Climate change (ILCD) 257 270 g CO2eq/kg - Origin France, ex factory Acidification (ILCD) 0.0002 0.0002 mol H+eq/kg - Origin France, ex factory Eutrophication (CML baseline) 0.64 0.67 g PO4---eq/kg - Origin France, ex factory Land competition (CML non baseline) 0 0 m²yr/kg - Insoluble ash 0.3 0.4 % - NDF 6.1 6.4 % - ADF 1.9 2 % - Lignin 0.4 0.5 % - Water insoluble cell walls 5.3 5.5 % - Phytate phosphorus 0 0 g/kg 0 % P Sulfur 8.8 9.3 g/kg - Dietary cation-anion difference -252 -265 mEq/kg - Manganese 25 26 mg/kg - Zinc 109 114 mg/kg - Copper 20 21 mg/kg - Iron 579 609 mg/kg - Selenium 0.4 0.5 mg/kg - Cobalt 1 1 mg/kg - Molybdenum 1 1 mg/kg - Iodine 1 1 mg/kg - C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C18:4 stearidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C20:1 eicosenoic acid 0.7 0.7 g/kg 0.7 % FA 1 C20:4 arachidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C22:0 behenic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA 1 C22:1 erucic acid 0.2 0.2 g/kg 0.2 % FA 1 C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C24:0 lignoceric acid 0.2 0.2 g/kg 0.3 % FA 1 Vitamin E 1.2 1.3 mg/kg - Vitamin B1 thiamin 0.5 0.5 mg/kg - Vitamin B2 riboflavin 4.9 5.1 mg/kg - Vitamin B6 pyridoxine 5.2 5.4 mg/kg - Vitamin B12 121 128 µg/kg - Niacin 52.9 55.7 mg/kg - Pantothenic acid 4.7 4.9 mg/kg - Folic acid 0.5 0.5 mg/kg - Biotin 0.1 0.1 mg/kg - Choline 2066 2174 mg/kg - DE growing pig (kcal) 2920 3070 kcal/kg - ME growing pig (kcal) 2660 2800 kcal/kg - NE growing pig (kcal) 1830 1930 kcal/kg - DE adult pig (kcal) 2920 3070 kcal/kg - ME adult pig (kcal) 2660 2790 kcal/kg - NE adult pig (kcal) 1810 1900 kcal/kg - Energy digestibility growing pig - 69.8 % OM digestibility growing pig - 71.4 % N digestibility growing pig - 69.8 % N digestibility ileal standardised pig - 81 % 9.6 63.3-87 8 Crude fat digestibility pig - 69.8 % Energy digestibility adult pig - 69.8 % OM digestibility adult pig - 71.4 % N digestibility adult pig - 69.8 % Digestible P pig (no phytase) 31.5 33.1 g/kg 75 % 74-85 3 Digestible P pig (with phytase) 31.5 33.1 g/kg 75 % Available P cockerel 35.7 37.5 g/kg 85 % P Available P broiler 35.7 37.5 g/kg 85 % P UFL INRA 2007 0.87 0.92 per kg - UFV INRA 2007 0.82 0.87 per kg - PDIA INRA 2007 214 225 g/kg - PDIN INRA 2007 361 380 g/kg - PDIE INRA 2007 233 245 g/kg - ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal) 2450 2570 kcal/kg - Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 82.2 % OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 85 % N digestibility ruminants - 79.5 % N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants - 80 % Fatty acids digestibility ruminants - 77.1 % Absorbable P ruminants 37.8 39.8 g/kg 90 % P N degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 54 % Immediately degradable N (a) - 30 % 8 20-44 12 Potentially degradable N (b) - 36 % 9 22-49 12 Degradation rate of particles N (c) - 0.121 h-1 0.066 0.013-0.224 12 Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06) - 0 % DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 48 % Immediately degradable DM (a) - 25 % 23-26 4 Potentially degradable DM (b) - 35 % 24-49 4 Degradation rate of particles DM (c) - 0.115 h-1 0.04-0.18 4 Lysine ruminants INRA 2007 - 6.2 % PDIE Threonine ruminants INRA 2007 - 4.5 % PDIE Methionine ruminants INRA 2007 - 1.4 % PDIE Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 4.2 % PDIE Valine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.2 % PDIE Leucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 7.6 % PDIE Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007 - 3.9 % PDIE Histidine ruminants INRA 2007 - 2.2 % PDIE Arginine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.8 % PDIE DE rabbit (kcal) 3490 3670 kcal/kg - ME rabbit (kcal) 2870 3020 kcal/kg - Energy digestibility rabbit - 83.3 % N digestibility rabbit - 100 % DE salmonids (kcal) 3730 3930 kcal/kg - Energy digestibility, salmonids - 89.2 % N digestibility salmonids - 87.6 % Lysine, ileal standardised, pig 22.2 23.4 g/kg 84 % 10 61-89 8 Threonine, ileal standardised, pig 14.3 15 g/kg 82 % 11 60-87 8 Methionine, ileal standardised, pig 5.8 6.1 g/kg 86 % 9 69-92 8 Cystine, ileal standardised, pig 3.9 4.1 g/kg 67 % 13 46-79 8 Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig 9.7 10.2 g/kg 77 % Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig 2.6 2.8 g/kg 80 % 1 Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig 12.9 13.5 g/kg 84 % 8 68-90 8 Valine, ileal standardised, pig 19.4 20.4 g/kg 83 % 11 61-89 8 Leucine, ileal standardised, pig 26.9 28.3 g/kg 85 % 10 61-89 8 Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig 15.2 16 g/kg 85 % 9 65-89 8 Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 9.6 10.1 g/kg 82 % 9 67-88 8 Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 24.8 26.1 g/kg 84 % Histidine, ileal standardised, pig 8.3 8.7 g/kg 79 % 9 64-86 8 Arginine, ileal standardised, pig 31.4 33 g/kg 86 % 7 76-94 8 Alanine, ileal standardised, pig 33.6 35.3 g/kg 83 % 7 69-89 8 Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig 29.6 31.1 g/kg 76 % 14 46-83 8 Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig 51.7 54.4 g/kg 83 % 9 67-89 8 Glycine, ileal standardised, pig 54.4 57.2 g/kg 81 % 7 72-89 8 Serine, ileal standardised, pig 16.9 17.8 g/kg 80 % 10 64-87 8 Proline, ileal standardised, pig 35.2 37.1 g/kg 84 % 8 72-92 8 Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry 2.8 2.9 g/kg 84 % DE growing pig (MJ) 12.2 12.9 MJ/kg - ME growing pig (MJ) 11.1 11.7 MJ/kg - NE growing pig (MJ) 7.7 8.1 MJ/kg - DE adult pig (MJ) 12.2 12.9 MJ/kg - ME adult pig (MJ) 11.1 11.7 MJ/kg - NE adult pig (MJ) 7.6 8 MJ/kg - AMEn cockerel (MJ) 12.5 13.2 MJ/kg - AMEn broiler (MJ) 12.2 12.8 MJ/kg - ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ) 10.2 10.8 MJ/kg - DE rabbit (MJ) 14.6 15.4 MJ/kg - ME rabbit (MJ) 12 12.6 MJ/kg - DE salmonids (MJ) 15.6 16.4 MJ/kg - Absorbable Ca ruminants 47.7 50.2 g/kg 55 % Ca NDF digestibility ruminants - 0 % VEM CVB 2018 873 919 per kg - VEVI CVB 2018 902 949 per kg - DVE CVB 1991 218 230 g/kg - OEB CVB 1991 228 240 g/kg - DVLYS CVB 1991 3 3.1 g/kg - DVMET CVB 1991 0.9 0.9 g/kg - TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001 58.9 62 % - DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001 3.64 3.83 Mcal/kg - NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.98 2.08 Mcal/kg - NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001 1.87 1.97 Mcal/kg - NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001 2.04 2.14 Mcal/kg - NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.4 1.47 Mcal/kg - Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 25% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 45 % Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 50% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 48 % EN Lactation ruminants GfE 6.2 6.5 MJ/kg - nxP ruminants GfE 338 355 g/kg - RNB ruminants GfE 30 31 g/kg - UFL FL1 INRA 2018 0.99 1.04 per kg - UFV FL1 INRA 2018 0.97 1.02 per kg - PDIA FL1 INRA 2018 187 197 g/kg - PDI FL1 INRA 2018 228 240 g/kg - Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018 213 224 g/kg - UFL INRA 2018 0.96 1.01 per kg - UFV INRA 2018 0.94 0.99 per kg - PDIA INRA 2018 198 208 g/kg - PDI INRA 2018 237 249 g/kg - Rumen protein balance INRA 2018 202 212 g/kg - NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 1700 1790 kcal/kg - NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 1660 1740 kcal/kg - ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 2610 2750 kcal/kg - OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 83.6 % Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 80.6 % N degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 53 % Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 0 % Lysine ruminants INRA 2018 - 6.2 % PDI Threonine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.3 % PDI Methionine ruminants INRA 2018 - 1.4 % PDI Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 3.4 % PDI Valine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.1 % PDI Leucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 7.7 % PDI Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.2 % PDI Histidine ruminants INRA 2018 - 2.2 % PDI Arginine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.9 % PDI DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 47 % Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018 0.405 0.426 per kg - UFL FL4 INRA 2018 0.92 0.97 per kg - UFV FL4 INRA 2018 0.89 0.93 per kg - PDIA FL4 INRA 2018 213 224 g/kg - PDI FL4 INRA 2018 252 265 g/kg - Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018 183 192 g/kg - Starch, enzymatic method 0 0 % - Vitamin C 0 0 mg/kg -