Dry matter
16.1
100
%
-
3.2
7.9 -21.4
23
27.8
Crude protein
1.3
7.9
%
-
0.5
0.8 -2.8
21
2.5
4.6 -14.6
31
Crude fibre
1
6
%
-
0.3
0.5 -1.8
19
1.5
4.3 -11.6
21
Crude fat
0.07
0.5
%
-
0.1
0.02 -0.2
14
0.7
0.1 -2.8
14
Ash
1.7
10.6
%
-
1.2
0.5 -2
20
7.4
3.5 -32.7
29
Insoluble ash
0.6
4
%
-
0.2
0.3 -0.8
6
NDF
2.6
16
%
-
1
2 -3.2
12
5.1
10.2 -27.2
20
ADF
1.5
9.5
%
-
0.6
1 -1.5
11
3.6
5.4 -17
19
Lignin
0.1
0.9
%
-
0.1 -0.4
2
0.8 -1
2
Water insoluble cell walls
2.4
15.1
%
-
Starch
0
0
%
-
Total sugars
10.6
65.8
%
-
2.4
8.7 -15.1
10
7.4
54.7 -81.9
15
Gross energy (kcal)
620
3870
kcal/kg
-
120
610 -810
10
90
3730 -3970
10
Calcium
0.9
5.5
g/kg
-
0.8
0.2 -1.6
12
4.6
0.8 -14
18
Phosphorus
0.4
2.4
g/kg
-
0.2
0.3 -0.4
11
1.2
1 -5
17
Phytate phosphorus
0.04
0.2
g/kg
10
% P
Magnesium
0.6
3.6
g/kg
-
2.9
1.1 -9
17
Sodium
1.1
6.81
g/kg
-
4.71
1.1 -15
12
Lysine
0.7
4.6
g/kg
5.8
g/16g N
1.1
4.3-7.3
7
Threonine
0.6
3.6
g/kg
4.5
g/16g N
0.6
3.2-5.1
8
Methionine
0.2
1.3
g/kg
1.7
g/16g N
0.3
0.9-2
8
Cystine
0.1
0.9
g/kg
1.1
g/16g N
0.2
0.9-1.4
7
Methionine + cystine
0.4
2.2
g/kg
2.8
g/16g N
Tryptophan
0.2
0.9
g/kg
1.2
g/16g N
Isoleucine
0.6
3.5
g/kg
4.4
g/16g N
0.4
3.4-4.5
8
Valine
0.9
5.4
g/kg
6.9
g/16g N
0.9
4.8-7.1
8
Leucine
0.9
5.6
g/kg
7.1
g/16g N
0.9
4.6-7.2
9
Phenylalanine
0.6
3.6
g/kg
4.5
g/16g N
0.6
2.8-4.6
9
Tyrosine
0.6
3.6
g/kg
4.6
g/16g N
0.7
3.4-5.6
9
Phenylalanine + tyrosine
1.2
7.2
g/kg
9.2
g/16g N
Histidine
0.5
3
g/kg
3.8
g/16g N
0.7
2-3.9
8
Arginine
0.5
3.3
g/kg
4.2
g/16g N
0.7
3-5.1
9
Alanine
0.7
4.2
g/kg
5.3
g/16g N
0.5
4.1-5.4
8
Aspartic acid
1
6.3
g/kg
8
g/16g N
0.9
5.7-8.3
8
Glutamic acid
1.3
8
g/kg
10.2
g/16g N
2.7
8.1-16.7
8
Glycine
0.6
3.7
g/kg
4.7
g/16g N
0.6
3.1-4.8
8
Serine
0.7
4.5
g/kg
5.7
g/16g N
0.5
4.2-5.7
8
Proline
0.6
3.8
g/kg
4.8
g/16g N
0.6
3.3-5.1
8
C16:0 palmitic acid
0.06
0.4
g/kg
20.6
% FA
C18:0 stearic acid
0
0.03
g/kg
1.4
% FA
C18:1 oleic acid
0.03
0.2
g/kg
9.7
% FA
C18:2 linoleic acid
0.2
1.1
g/kg
57.8
% FA
C18:3 linolenic acid
0.03
0.2
g/kg
10.5
% FA
Fatty acids
0.03
0.2
%
40
% fat
DE growing pig (kcal)
500
3120
kcal/kg
-
ME growing pig (kcal)
490
3040
kcal/kg
-
NE growing pig (kcal)
340
2100
kcal/kg
-
DE adult pig (kcal)
540
3360
kcal/kg
-
ME adult pig (kcal)
520
3250
kcal/kg
-
NE adult pig (kcal)
360
2240
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility growing pig
-
80.7
%
OM digestibility growing pig
-
83.8
%
N digestibility growing pig
-
59.4
%
Crude fat digestibility pig
-
0
%
Energy digestibility adult pig
-
86.9
%
OM digestibility adult pig
-
89.2
%
N digestibility adult pig
-
77.8
%
PDIA INRA 2007
6
35
g/kg
-
PDIN INRA 2007
9
57
g/kg
-
PDIE INRA 2007
17
106
g/kg
-
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal)
440
2740
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007
-
84.5
%
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007
-
89.8
%
4.1
77.6-93
11
N digestibility ruminants
-
68.9
%
12.2
36-80.6
11
N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants
-
85
%
Fatty acids digestibility ruminants
-
0
%
Absorbable P ruminants
0.3
2.2
g/kg
91
% P
N degradability ruminants (k=0.06)
-
52
%
Immediately degradable N (a)
-
3
%
Potentially degradable N (b)
-
89
%
Degradation rate of particles N (c)
-
0.075
h-1
Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06)
-
80
%
DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06)
-
59
%
Immediately degradable DM (a)
-
4
%
Potentially degradable DM (b)
-
90
%
Degradation rate of particles DM (c)
-
0.095
h-1
Lysine ruminants INRA 2007
-
7.4
% PDIE
Threonine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.3
% PDIE
Methionine ruminants INRA 2007
-
1.9
% PDIE
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.4
% PDIE
Valine ruminants INRA 2007
-
6.3
% PDIE
Leucine ruminants INRA 2007
-
8.2
% PDIE
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.1
% PDIE
Histidine ruminants INRA 2007
-
2.4
% PDIE
Arginine ruminants INRA 2007
-
4.6
% PDIE
OM digestibility horse
-
87
%
Energy digestibility horse
-
83.6
%
Horse Forage Unit
0.17
1.08
per kg
-
Digestible crude protein horse
8
52
g/kg
-
DE rabbit (kcal)
470
2910
kcal/kg
-
ME rabbit (kcal)
460
2840
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility rabbit
-
75.2
%
N digestibility rabbit
-
55.8
%
Gross energy (MJ)
2.6
16.2
MJ/kg
-
0.5
2.5 -3.4
10
0.4
15.6 -16.6
10
Absorbable Ca ruminants
0.2
1.1
g/kg
20
% Ca
NDF digestibility ruminants
-
74.5
%
60-84
4
UFL FL1 INRA 2018
0.17
1.06
per kg
-
UFV FL1 INRA 2018
0.17
1.07
per kg
-
PDIA FL1 INRA 2018
4
25
g/kg
-
PDI FL1 INRA 2018
14
87
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018
-10
-62
g/kg
-
UFL INRA 2018
0.17
1.04
per kg
-
UFV INRA 2018
0.17
1.05
per kg
-
PDIA INRA 2018
5
29
g/kg
-
PDI INRA 2018
14
90
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance INRA 2018
-10
-64
g/kg
-
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
300
1830
kcal/kg
-
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
300
1860
kcal/kg
-
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
440
2740
kcal/kg
-
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018
-
88.4
%
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018
-
83.2
%
N degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
56
%
Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
82
%
Lysine ruminants INRA 2018
-
7.5
% PDI
Threonine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.4
% PDI
Methionine ruminants INRA 2018
-
2.1
% PDI
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.4
% PDI
Valine ruminants INRA 2018
-
6.2
% PDI
Leucine ruminants INRA 2018
-
8.4
% PDI
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.2
% PDI
Histidine ruminants INRA 2018
-
2.6
% PDI
Arginine ruminants INRA 2018
-
4.7
% PDI
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ)
1.9
11.7
MJ/kg
-
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ)
1.3
7.8
MJ/kg
-
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ)
1.3
7.9
MJ/kg
-
DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
63
%
UFL FL4 INRA 2018
0.16
1.01
per kg
-
UFV FL4 INRA 2018
0.16
1.01
per kg
-
PDIA FL4 INRA 2018
6
34
g/kg
-
PDI FL4 INRA 2018
15
94
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018
-11
-70
g/kg
-
Origin France, conventional farming, ex field
Phosphorus consumption
0.19
1.17
g P/kg
-
Origin France, conventional farming, ex field
Cumulative energy demand (non-renewable: fossil+nuclear)
0.22
1.36
MJ/kg
-
Origin France, conventional farming, ex field
Climate change (ILCD)
35
217
g CO2eq/kg
-
Origin France, conventional farming, ex field
Acidification (ILCD)
0.0008
0.0048
mol H+eq/kg
-
Origin France, conventional farming, ex field
Eutrophication (CML baseline)
3.39
20.99
g PO4---eq/kg
-
Origin France, conventional farming, ex field
Land competition (CML non baseline)
0
0.0001
m²yr/kg
-
Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018
0.05
0.309
per kg
-
Potassium
5
31
g/kg
-
1
14.4
9.7 -46
8
Chlorine
0.1
0.7
g/kg
-
1
Sulfur
0.2
1.5
g/kg
-
Dietary cation-anion difference
158
978
mEq/kg
-
Electrolyte balance
173
1072
mEq/kg
-
Manganese
34
209
mg/kg
-
15
83
115 -312
6
Zinc
10
59
mg/kg
-
2
7
53 -70
6
Copper
3
21
mg/kg
-
1
5
16 -27
6
Iron
514
3189
mg/kg
-
362
2158
736 -6450
6
C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C12:0 lauric acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C14:0 myristic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C16:1 palmitoleic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C18:4 stearidonic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C20:0 arachidic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C20:1 eicosenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C20:4 arachidonic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C22:0 behenic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C22:1 erucic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C24:0 lignoceric acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
Digestible P pig (no phytase)
0.1
0.7
g/kg
30
%
Digestible P pig (with phytase)
0.2
1.1
g/kg
45
%
AMEn cockerel (kcal)
390
2420
kcal/kg
-
AMEn broiler (kcal)
390
2420
kcal/kg
-
Available P cockerel
0.1
0.6
g/kg
25
% P
Available P broiler
0.1
0.6
g/kg
25
% P
UFL INRA 2007
0.17
1.03
per kg
-
0.02
0.99 -1.08
10
UFV INRA 2007
0.17
1.03
per kg
-
0.03
0.99 -1.09
10
DE salmonids (kcal)
300
1850
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility, salmonids
-
47.8
%
N digestibility salmonids
-
76.7
%
Lysine, ileal standardised, pig
0.6
3.7
g/kg
81
%
Threonine, ileal standardised, pig
0.5
2.8
g/kg
80
%
Methionine, ileal standardised, pig
0.2
1.1
g/kg
86
%
Cystine, ileal standardised, pig
0.1
0.7
g/kg
79
%
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig
0.3
1.8
g/kg
83
%
Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig
0.1
0.8
g/kg
81
%
Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig
0.5
2.9
g/kg
83
%
Valine, ileal standardised, pig
0.7
4.5
g/kg
82
%
Leucine, ileal standardised, pig
0.8
4.7
g/kg
85
%
Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig
0.5
3.1
g/kg
86
%
Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig
0.5
3.1
g/kg
85
%
Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig
1
6.2
g/kg
85
%
Histidine, ileal standardised, pig
0.4
2.5
g/kg
85
%
Arginine, ileal standardised, pig
0.5
3
g/kg
90
%
Alanine, ileal standardised, pig
0.5
3.4
g/kg
81
%
Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig
0.8
5.2
g/kg
82
%
Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig
1.1
7.1
g/kg
88
%
Glycine, ileal standardised, pig
0.5
3
g/kg
80
%
Serine, ileal standardised, pig
0.6
3.7
g/kg
83
%
Proline, ileal standardised, pig
0.5
3.1
g/kg
83
%
Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry
0.6
3.7
g/kg
81
%
Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry
0.4
2.8
g/kg
77
%
Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry
0.2
1.1
g/kg
85
%
Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry
0.1
0.7
g/kg
73
%
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry
0.3
1.8
g/kg
80
%
Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry
0.1
0.8
g/kg
80
%
Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry
0.5
2.8
g/kg
82
%
Valine, ileal standardized, poultry
0.7
4.4
g/kg
81
%
Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry
0.7
4.6
g/kg
83
%
Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry
0.5
3
g/kg
83
%
Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry
0.5
3
g/kg
82
%
Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry
1
6
g/kg
83
%
Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry
0.4
2.4
g/kg
81
%
Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry
0.5
2.8
g/kg
84
%
Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry
0.5
3.4
g/kg
81
%
Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry
0.8
4.9
g/kg
77
%
Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry
1.1
6.8
g/kg
85
%
Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry
0.5
2.9
g/kg
78
%
Serine, ileal standardized, poultry
0.6
3.6
g/kg
80
%
Proline, ileal standardized, poultry
0.5
3.1
g/kg
81
%
DE growing pig (MJ)
2.1
13.1
MJ/kg
-
ME growing pig (MJ)
2.1
12.7
MJ/kg
-
NE growing pig (MJ)
1.4
8.8
MJ/kg
-
DE adult pig (MJ)
2.3
14.1
MJ/kg
-
ME adult pig (MJ)
2.2
13.6
MJ/kg
-
NE adult pig (MJ)
1.5
9.4
MJ/kg
-
AMEn cockerel (MJ)
1.6
10.1
MJ/kg
-
AMEn broiler (MJ)
1.6
10.1
MJ/kg
-
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ)
1.9
11.5
MJ/kg
-
DE rabbit (MJ)
2
12.2
MJ/kg
-
ME rabbit (MJ)
1.9
11.9
MJ/kg
-
DE salmonids (MJ)
1.2
7.7
MJ/kg
-
VEM CVB 2018
166
1028
per kg
-
VEVI CVB 2018
182
1128
per kg
-
DVE CVB 1991
16
98
g/kg
-
OEB CVB 1991
-12
-77
g/kg
-
DVLYS CVB 1991
1.3
7.9
g/kg
-
DVMET CVB 1991
0.4
2.5
g/kg
-
TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001
12
74.7
%
-
DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001
0.52
3.24
Mcal/kg
-
NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001
0.26
1.6
Mcal/kg
-
NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001
0.24
1.51
Mcal/kg
-
NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001
0.28
1.74
Mcal/kg
-
NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001
0.18
1.12
Mcal/kg
-
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 25% concentrate) NRC 2001
-
44
%
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 50% concentrate) NRC 2001
-
52
%
EN Lactation ruminants GfE
1.2
7.3
MJ/kg
-
nxP ruminants GfE
22
138
g/kg
-
RNB ruminants GfE
-2
-10
g/kg
-
Starch, enzymatic method
0
0
%
-
1
Vitamin A
0.04
0.3
1000 IU/kg
-
Vitamin D
0
0
1000 IU/kg
-