Dry matter
93.5
100
%
-
2.4
83.1 -97.8
121
3.6
Crude protein
76.9
82.2
%
-
4.5
70.1 -88.8
123
4.4
73.2 -95.7
120
Crude fibre
1.2
1.3
%
-
1
1
Ash
5.1
5.5
%
-
2.6
0.9 -13.3
121
2.7
1 -13.8
120
Starch
0
0
%
-
Total sugars
0
0
%
-
Gross energy (kcal)
5330
5700
kcal/kg
-
1
1
Calcium
14.4
15.3
g/kg
-
6.7
2.7 -38.2
115
7.1
2.9 -40.1
113
Phosphorus
5.9
6.4
g/kg
-
3.3
0.5 -23
115
3.5
0.5 -21.7
113
Magnesium
0.7
0.7
g/kg
-
1
1
Potassium
3.6
3.8
g/kg
-
1
1
Sodium
1.53
1.64
g/kg
-
1.41 -1.6
2
1.5 -1.77
2
Chlorine
2.9
3.1
g/kg
-
2.3 -3.5
2
2.5 -3.7
2
Sulfur
7.2
7.7
g/kg
-
1
1
Manganese
18
19
mg/kg
-
0.9 -36
2
1 -38
2
Zinc
107
114
mg/kg
-
74 -142
2
79 -149
2
Copper
10
10
mg/kg
-
2 -18
2
2 -19
2
Iron
450
481
mg/kg
-
74 -840
2
79 -883
2
Lysine
39.3
42.1
g/kg
5.1
g/16g N
24 -53.6
3
25.2 -57
3
3.1-7.3
3
Threonine
31.2
33.3
g/kg
4.1
g/16g N
Methionine
9.4
10
g/kg
1.2
g/16g N
5.2 -15.9
4
5.6 -16.9
4
0.6-2.2
4
Cystine
23.6
25.2
g/kg
3.1
g/16g N
21.9 -25.4
3
23 -26.7
3
2.8-3.5
3
Methionine + cystine
32.9
35.2
g/kg
4.3
g/16g N
27.8 -34.9
3
29.2 -36.7
3
3.5-4.8
3
Tryptophan
5.5
5.9
g/kg
0.7
g/16g N
0.1
0.5-1
14
Isoleucine
30.4
32.5
g/kg
4
g/16g N
Valine
37.3
39.9
g/kg
4.9
g/16g N
Leucine
55.3
59.1
g/kg
7.2
g/16g N
58.4 -68.8
3
Phenylalanine
31.1
33.3
g/kg
4
g/16g N
Tyrosine
22.1
23.6
g/kg
2.9
g/16g N
1
1
1
Phenylalanine + tyrosine
53.2
56.8
g/kg
6.9
g/16g N
1
1
1
Histidine
15.1
16.1
g/kg
2
g/16g N
6.8 -20.5
3
7.2 -21.8
3
0.9-2.8
3
Arginine
51.8
55.3
g/kg
6.7
g/16g N
47.8 -58.8
3
50.3 -62.6
3
6.6-8
3
Alanine
43
46
g/kg
5.6
g/16g N
40.4 -48.7
3
42.5 -51.8
3
5.2-6.6
3
Aspartic acid
58.4
62.4
g/kg
7.6
g/16g N
53.8 -74.6
3
56.6 -79.4
3
7.4-10.2
3
Glutamic acid
95.1
102
g/kg
12.4
g/16g N
87.2 -114
3
91.7 -122
3
12-15.6
3
Glycine
69.1
73.9
g/kg
9
g/16g N
Serine
57.5
61.4
g/kg
7.5
g/16g N
36.4 -74.4
3
38.7 -78.2
3
5-9.5
3
Proline
43.9
47
g/kg
5.7
g/16g N
34.5 -57.1
3
36.3 -60.1
3
4.4-7.9
3
C12:0 lauric acid
0.08
0.08
g/kg
0.1
% FA
0.1-0.1
2
C14:0 myristic acid
0.8
0.9
g/kg
1
% FA
0.3
0.7-1.6
10
C16:0 palmitic acid
16.9
18
g/kg
21.3
% FA
1.7
18.1-23.6
10
C16:1 palmitoleic acid
3.7
3.9
g/kg
4.7
% FA
0.7
4.1-5.9
6
C18:0 stearic acid
5.9
6.3
g/kg
7.4
% FA
1.3
4.6-9.4
10
C18:1 oleic acid
34.2
36.6
g/kg
43.3
% FA
3.4
39.3-50.9
10
C18:2 linoleic acid
15.1
16.1
g/kg
19.1
% FA
3.9
10-23.3
10
C18:3 linolenic acid
1.2
1.3
g/kg
1.5
% FA
0.9
0-2.9
10
C20:0 arachidic acid
0.9
0.9
g/kg
1.1
% FA
0.5
0.4-1.8
7
Fatty acids
7.9
8.5
%
70
% fat
DE growing pig (kcal)
4710
5030
kcal/kg
-
ME growing pig (kcal)
4270
4560
kcal/kg
-
NE growing pig (kcal)
2760
2960
kcal/kg
-
DE adult pig (kcal)
4710
5030
kcal/kg
-
ME adult pig (kcal)
4260
4560
kcal/kg
-
NE adult pig (kcal)
2760
2950
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility growing pig
-
88.3
%
OM digestibility growing pig
-
87.4
%
N digestibility growing pig
-
88.3
%
Crude fat digestibility pig
-
88.3
%
Energy digestibility adult pig
-
88.3
%
OM digestibility adult pig
-
87.4
%
N digestibility adult pig
-
88.3
%
Digestible P pig (no phytase)
4.5
4.8
g/kg
75
%
74-85
3
DE salmonids (kcal)
4750
5080
kcal/kg
-
1
1
Energy digestibility, salmonids
-
89.2
%
1
N digestibility salmonids
-
87.6
%
1
Gross energy (MJ)
22.3
23.8
MJ/kg
-
1
1
Crude fat
11.3
12.1
%
-
3.6
1 -16.2
115
3.8
1.1 -17.1
113
Insoluble ash
0.4
0.5
%
-
NDF
4.8
5.1
%
-
ADF
3.1
3.4
%
-
Lignin
0.5
0.5
%
-
Water insoluble cell walls
4
4.2
%
-
Phytate phosphorus
0
0
g/kg
0
% P
Dietary cation-anion difference
-375
-400
mEq/kg
-
Electrolyte balance
76
81
mEq/kg
-
Selenium
0.5
0.5
mg/kg
-
Cobalt
1
1
mg/kg
-
C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C18:4 stearidonic acid
0.9
0.9
g/kg
1.1
% FA
C20:1 eicosenoic acid
0.3
0.3
g/kg
0.4
% FA
0.4-0.5
2
C20:4 arachidonic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C22:0 behenic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C22:1 erucic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C24:0 lignoceric acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
Digestible P pig (with phytase)
4.5
4.8
g/kg
75
%
AMEn cockerel (kcal)
3780
4040
kcal/kg
-
AMEn broiler (kcal)
3720
3970
kcal/kg
-
1
1
Available P cockerel
5
5.4
g/kg
85
% P
Available P broiler
5
5.4
g/kg
85
% P
UFL INRA 2007
1.29
1.38
per kg
-
UFV INRA 2007
1.27
1.35
per kg
-
PDIA INRA 2007
334
357
g/kg
-
PDIN INRA 2007
536
573
g/kg
-
PDIE INRA 2007
362
387
g/kg
-
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal)
3510
3750
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007
-
95.2
%
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007
-
90
%
N digestibility ruminants
-
80.6
%
N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants
-
80
%
Fatty acids digestibility ruminants
-
76.8
%
Absorbable P ruminants
5.3
5.7
g/kg
90
% P
N degradability ruminants (k=0.06)
-
51
%
Immediately degradable N (a)
-
34
%
28-40
3
Potentially degradable N (b)
-
31
%
21-47
3
Degradation rate of particles N (c)
-
0.072
h-1
0.04-0.093
3
Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06)
-
0
%
DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06)
-
52
%
Immediately degradable DM (a)
-
33
%
26-42
3
Potentially degradable DM (b)
-
32
%
20-48
3
Degradation rate of particles DM (c)
-
0.085
h-1
0.04-0.115
3
Lysine ruminants INRA 2007
-
6.1
% PDIE
Threonine ruminants INRA 2007
-
4.7
% PDIE
Methionine ruminants INRA 2007
-
1.3
% PDIE
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007
-
4.8
% PDIE
Valine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.4
% PDIE
Leucine ruminants INRA 2007
-
8.3
% PDIE
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007
-
4.4
% PDIE
Histidine ruminants INRA 2007
-
2.1
% PDIE
Arginine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.6
% PDIE
DE rabbit (kcal)
5350
5720
kcal/kg
-
ME rabbit (kcal)
4920
5260
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility rabbit
-
100
%
N digestibility rabbit
-
46
%
Lysine, ileal standardised, pig
31.4
33.6
g/kg
80
%
72-87
2
Threonine, ileal standardised, pig
23.9
25.6
g/kg
77
%
72-82
2
Methionine, ileal standardised, pig
7.7
8.2
g/kg
82
%
76-89
2
Cystine, ileal standardised, pig
15.8
16.9
g/kg
67
%
66-68
2
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig
23.1
24.7
g/kg
71
%
Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig
3.8
4.1
g/kg
70
%
67-73
2
Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig
25.3
27.1
g/kg
83
%
81-86
2
Valine, ileal standardised, pig
29.8
31.9
g/kg
80
%
78-82
2
Leucine, ileal standardised, pig
45.1
48.2
g/kg
82
%
78-85
2
Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig
25.8
27.6
g/kg
83
%
80-86
2
Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig
18.1
19.3
g/kg
82
%
77-87
2
Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig
43.9
46.9
g/kg
83
%
Histidine, ileal standardised, pig
10.2
10.9
g/kg
68
%
50-85
2
Arginine, ileal standardised, pig
44.9
48
g/kg
87
%
83-90
2
Alanine, ileal standardised, pig
34.5
36.9
g/kg
80
%
75-86
2
Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig
37.8
40.4
g/kg
65
%
58-71
2
Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig
77.8
83.2
g/kg
82
%
77-86
2
Glycine, ileal standardised, pig
54.8
58.6
g/kg
79
%
76-83
2
Serine, ileal standardised, pig
44.3
47.3
g/kg
77
%
74-80
2
Proline, ileal standardised, pig
36.6
39.1
g/kg
83
%
75-89
3
Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry
30.4
32.5
g/kg
77
%
77-78
2
Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry
22.7
24.2
g/kg
73
%
70-75
2
Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry
7.6
8.1
g/kg
81
%
80-82
2
Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry
12.8
13.6
g/kg
54
%
51-58
2
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry
20
21.4
g/kg
62
%
Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry
4.3
4.6
g/kg
78
%
Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry
23.2
24.8
g/kg
76
%
75-78
2
Valine, ileal standardized, poultry
28.7
30.7
g/kg
77
%
76-78
2
Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry
43.5
46.5
g/kg
79
%
78-80
2
Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry
25.5
27.3
g/kg
82
%
78-86
2
Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry
19
20.3
g/kg
86
%
Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry
44.5
47.6
g/kg
84
%
Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry
11.5
12.3
g/kg
76
%
76-77
2
Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry
42.4
45.3
g/kg
82
%
81-83
2
Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry
34.2
36.6
g/kg
80
%
79-80
2
Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry
35.1
37.5
g/kg
60
%
59-61
2
Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry
72.9
77.9
g/kg
77
%
76-77
2
Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry
52.7
56.3
g/kg
76
%
76-77
2
Serine, ileal standardized, poultry
40.4
43.2
g/kg
70
%
68-72
2
Proline, ileal standardized, poultry
31.7
33.9
g/kg
72
%
71-73
2
DE growing pig (MJ)
19.7
21.1
MJ/kg
-
ME growing pig (MJ)
17.9
19.1
MJ/kg
-
NE growing pig (MJ)
11.6
12.4
MJ/kg
-
DE adult pig (MJ)
19.7
21.1
MJ/kg
-
ME adult pig (MJ)
17.8
19.1
MJ/kg
-
NE adult pig (MJ)
11.5
12.3
MJ/kg
-
AMEn cockerel (MJ)
15.8
16.9
MJ/kg
-
AMEn broiler (MJ)
15.6
16.6
MJ/kg
-
1
1
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ)
14.7
15.7
MJ/kg
-
DE rabbit (MJ)
22.4
24
MJ/kg
-
ME rabbit (MJ)
20.6
22
MJ/kg
-
DE salmonids (MJ)
19.9
21.3
MJ/kg
-
1
1
Absorbable Ca ruminants
7.9
8.4
g/kg
55
% Ca
NDF digestibility ruminants
-
0
%
VEM CVB 2018
1290
1379
per kg
-
VEVI CVB 2018
1383
1479
per kg
-
DVE CVB 1991
355
380
g/kg
-
OEB CVB 1991
309
331
g/kg
-
DVLYS CVB 1991
4.2
4.5
g/kg
-
DVMET CVB 1991
1.2
1.3
g/kg
-
TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001
73
78
%
-
DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001
4.78
5.11
Mcal/kg
-
NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001
2.72
2.91
Mcal/kg
-
NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001
2.58
2.76
Mcal/kg
-
NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001
2.78
2.97
Mcal/kg
-
NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001
2
2.14
Mcal/kg
-
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 25% concentrate) NRC 2001
-
48
%
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 50% concentrate) NRC 2001
-
50
%
EN Lactation ruminants GfE
9.1
9.8
MJ/kg
-
nxP ruminants GfE
513
549
g/kg
-
RNB ruminants GfE
41
44
g/kg
-
UFL FL1 INRA 2018
1.46
1.56
per kg
-
UFV FL1 INRA 2018
1.48
1.59
per kg
-
PDIA FL1 INRA 2018
294
315
g/kg
-
PDI FL1 INRA 2018
340
364
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018
316
338
g/kg
-
UFL INRA 2018
1.43
1.53
per kg
-
UFV INRA 2018
1.45
1.55
per kg
-
PDIA INRA 2018
311
332
g/kg
-
PDI INRA 2018
355
379
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance INRA 2018
298
319
g/kg
-
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
2510
2690
kcal/kg
-
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
2540
2720
kcal/kg
-
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
3750
4010
kcal/kg
-
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018
-
88.6
%
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018
-
93.6
%
N degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
49
%
Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
0
%
Lysine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.9
% PDI
Threonine ruminants INRA 2018
-
4.6
% PDI
Methionine ruminants INRA 2018
-
1.3
% PDI
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018
-
4.2
% PDI
Valine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.2
% PDI
Leucine ruminants INRA 2018
-
8.3
% PDI
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018
-
4.5
% PDI
Histidine ruminants INRA 2018
-
2.1
% PDI
Arginine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.7
% PDI
DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
45
%
Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018
0.357
0.382
per kg
-
UFL FL4 INRA 2018
1.37
1.46
per kg
-
UFV FL4 INRA 2018
1.37
1.47
per kg
-
PDIA FL4 INRA 2018
334
357
g/kg
-
PDI FL4 INRA 2018
377
403
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018
271
290
g/kg
-
Starch, enzymatic method
0
0
%
-
Vitamin C
0
0
mg/kg
-