Dry matter 86.6 100 % - 0.8 84.8 -88.9 132 1.3 Crude protein 16.1 18.5 % - 1.7 12.3 -19.6 204 1.9 14.2 -22.5 134 Crude fibre 1.1 1.3 % - 0.5 0 -2.6 121 0.6 0 -2.4 73 Crude fat 3.3 3.8 % - 0.5 1.6 -4.4 111 0.6 1.8 -4.9 77 Ash 2.3 2.7 % - 0.4 0.8 -3.2 122 0.5 0.9 -3.7 75 NDF 7.7 8.9 % - ADF 1.7 1.9 % - Lignin 0.4 0.5 % - Water insoluble cell walls 7.1 8.2 % - Starch 54.6 63.1 % - 4.1 44.7 -65.3 198 4.7 51.7 -74.7 128 Total sugars 5.1 5.9 % - Gross energy (kcal) 3960 4580 kcal/kg - Calcium 0.8 1 g/kg - Phosphorus 5.3 6.1 g/kg - Phytate phosphorus 4.2 4.9 g/kg 80 % P Magnesium 1.6 1.8 g/kg - Potassium 7 8.1 g/kg - Chlorine 0.6 0.7 g/kg - Sulfur 1.4 1.7 g/kg - Manganese 8 9 mg/kg - Zinc 8 9 mg/kg - Copper 5 6 mg/kg - Lysine 6.5 7.5 g/kg 4 g/16g N 1 1 1 Threonine 5.2 6 g/kg 3.3 g/16g N 1 1 1 Methionine 2.5 2.9 g/kg 1.5 g/16g N 1 1 1 Cystine 3.2 3.7 g/kg 2 g/16g N 1 1 1 Methionine + cystine 5.7 6.6 g/kg 3.6 g/16g N 1 1 1 Tryptophan 2.1 2.5 g/kg 1.3 g/16g N Isoleucine 5.2 6 g/kg 3.2 g/16g N 1 1 1 Valine 7.2 8.4 g/kg 4.5 g/16g N 1 1 1 Leucine 9.7 11.2 g/kg 6 g/16g N 1 1 1 Phenylalanine 6.3 7.3 g/kg 3.9 g/16g N 1 1 1 Tyrosine 4.1 4.7 g/kg 2.6 g/16g N 1 1 1 Phenylalanine + tyrosine 10.4 12 g/kg 6.5 g/16g N 1 1 1 Histidine 4.2 4.9 g/kg 2.6 g/16g N 1 1 1 Arginine 10.5 12.1 g/kg 6.5 g/16g N 1 1 1 Alanine 7.2 8.4 g/kg 4.5 g/16g N 1 1 1 Aspartic acid 10.8 12.5 g/kg 6.7 g/16g N 1 1 1 Glutamic acid 31.7 36.6 g/kg 19.7 g/16g N 1 1 1 Glycine 7.8 9 g/kg 4.9 g/16g N 1 1 1 Serine 6.9 8 g/kg 4.3 g/16g N 1 1 1 Proline 10.7 12.3 g/kg 6.7 g/16g N 1 1 1 C14:0 myristic acid 0.04 0.04 g/kg 0.1 % FA 0-0.3 4 C16:0 palmitic acid 4.7 5.4 g/kg 17.8 % FA 0.9 15.5-18.3 9 C16:1 palmitoleic acid 0.1 0.1 g/kg 0.4 % FA C18:0 stearic acid 0.2 0.2 g/kg 0.8 % FA 0.07 0.7-0.9 8 C18:1 oleic acid 4 4.6 g/kg 15.2 % FA 2.7 11.3-20.4 11 C18:2 linoleic acid 14.8 17.1 g/kg 56.4 % FA C18:3 linolenic acid 1.5 1.8 g/kg 5.9 % FA 1 5.4-8.5 9 C20:1 eicosenoic acid 0.3 0.4 g/kg 1.3 % FA 1 Fatty acids 2.6 3 % 80 % fat Vitamin B1 thiamin 1.9 2.2 mg/kg - Vitamin B2 riboflavin 0.5 0.6 mg/kg - Vitamin B6 pyridoxine 0.8 0.9 mg/kg - Niacin 14.6 16.9 mg/kg - Folic acid 0 0 mg/kg - Biotin 0.1 0.1 mg/kg - Choline 104 120 mg/kg - Viscosity, real applied - 2 mL/g Phytase activity 3020 3490 IU/kg - DE growing pig (kcal) 3650 4210 kcal/kg - ME growing pig (kcal) 3520 4070 kcal/kg - NE growing pig (kcal) 2680 3090 kcal/kg - DE adult pig (kcal) 3680 4250 kcal/kg - ME adult pig (kcal) 3540 4090 kcal/kg - NE adult pig (kcal) 2700 3120 kcal/kg - Energy digestibility growing pig - 92 % OM digestibility growing pig - 94 % N digestibility growing pig - 86.7 % N digestibility ileal standardised pig - 94.6 % Crude fat digestibility pig - 58.8 % Energy digestibility adult pig - 93 % OM digestibility adult pig - 94.9 % N digestibility adult pig - 88 % Digestible P pig (no phytase) 1.3 1.5 g/kg 25 % AMEn cockerel (kcal) 2980 3440 kcal/kg - AMEn broiler (kcal) 2870 3320 kcal/kg - PDIA INRA 2007 38 44 g/kg - PDIN INRA 2007 106 123 g/kg - PDIE INRA 2007 96 111 g/kg - ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal) 2770 3190 kcal/kg - Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 84.6 % OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 86.5 % N digestibility ruminants - 73.1 % N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants - 90 % Fatty acids digestibility ruminants - 72.3 % Absorbable P ruminants 3.9 4.6 g/kg 75 % P N degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 76 % Immediately degradable N (a) - 35 % 32-56 2 Potentially degradable N (b) - 57 % 39-83 3 Degradation rate of particles N (c) - 0.155 h-1 0.134-0.182 3 Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06) - 89 % Immediately degradable starch (a) - 68 % Potentially degradable starch (b) - 27 % Degradation rate of particles starch (c) - 0.235 h-1 DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 80 % Lysine ruminants INRA 2007 - 6.8 % PDIE Threonine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5 % PDIE Methionine ruminants INRA 2007 - 1.9 % PDIE Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.1 % PDIE Valine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.7 % PDIE Leucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 8 % PDIE Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007 - 4.9 % PDIE Histidine ruminants INRA 2007 - 2.2 % PDIE Arginine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.1 % PDIE OM digestibility horse - 89.5 % Energy digestibility horse - 85.9 % Horse Forage Unit 1.09 1.26 per kg - Digestible crude protein horse 128 148 g/kg - DE rabbit (kcal) 3310 3830 kcal/kg - ME rabbit (kcal) 3150 3640 kcal/kg - Energy digestibility rabbit - 83.7 % N digestibility rabbit - 79.4 % Lysine, ileal standardised, pig 6.1 7 g/kg 94 % Threonine, ileal standardised, pig 4.8 5.5 g/kg 91 % Methionine, ileal standardised, pig 2.4 2.7 g/kg 96 % Cystine, ileal standardised, pig 3 3.5 g/kg 93 % Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig 5.4 6.2 g/kg 94 % Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig 2 2.3 g/kg 92 % Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig 4.9 5.6 g/kg 95 % Valine, ileal standardised, pig 6.7 7.7 g/kg 93 % Leucine, ileal standardised, pig 9.3 10.8 g/kg 96 % Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig 6.1 7.1 g/kg 97 % Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 3.9 4.5 g/kg 95 % Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 10 11.6 g/kg 96 % Histidine, ileal standardised, pig 4.1 4.8 g/kg 97 % Arginine, ileal standardised, pig 10.2 11.7 g/kg 97 % Alanine, ileal standardised, pig 6.4 7.4 g/kg 89 % Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig 9.9 11.4 g/kg 91 % Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig 31.1 35.9 g/kg 98 % Glycine, ileal standardised, pig 7.3 8.4 g/kg 93 % Serine, ileal standardised, pig 6.5 7.6 g/kg 95 % Proline, ileal standardised, pig 10.4 12 g/kg 97 % Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry 5.4 6.2 g/kg 83 % Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry 4.4 5 g/kg 84 % Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.2 2.6 g/kg 90 % Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.8 3.2 g/kg 85 % Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 5 5.8 g/kg 87 % Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry 1.9 2.2 g/kg 88 % Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry 4.7 5.4 g/kg 90 % Valine, ileal standardized, poultry 6.4 7.4 g/kg 88 % Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry 8.7 10 g/kg 90 % Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry 5.8 6.7 g/kg 92 % Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 3.6 4.1 g/kg 87 % Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 9.4 10.8 g/kg 90 % Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry 3.6 4.2 g/kg 85 % Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry 8.9 10.3 g/kg 85 % Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry 6 6.9 g/kg 83 % Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 8.9 10.3 g/kg 82 % Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 30.6 35.3 g/kg 97 % Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry 6.8 7.8 g/kg 87 % Serine, ileal standardized, poultry 6.2 7.2 g/kg 90 % Proline, ileal standardized, poultry 10.4 12 g/kg 97 % Gross energy (MJ) 16.6 19.2 MJ/kg - Absorbable Ca ruminants 0.5 0.5 g/kg 55 % Ca NDF digestibility ruminants - 68 % UFL FL1 INRA 2018 1.07 1.24 per kg - UFV FL1 INRA 2018 1.09 1.26 per kg - PDIA FL1 INRA 2018 31 36 g/kg - PDI FL1 INRA 2018 82 95 g/kg - Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018 34 39 g/kg - UFL INRA 2018 1.05 1.22 per kg - UFV INRA 2018 1.06 1.23 per kg - PDIA INRA 2018 36 42 g/kg - PDI INRA 2018 85 99 g/kg - Rumen protein balance INRA 2018 31 36 g/kg - NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 1860 2140 kcal/kg - NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 1870 2160 kcal/kg - ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 2780 3210 kcal/kg - OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 85.1 % Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 83.2 % N degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 75 % Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 84 % Lysine ruminants INRA 2018 - 6.6 % PDI Threonine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.9 % PDI Methionine ruminants INRA 2018 - 2 % PDI Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.7 % PDI Valine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.5 % PDI Leucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 8 % PDI Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.9 % PDI Histidine ruminants INRA 2018 - 2.3 % PDI Arginine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.2 % PDI ME ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 12.3 14.3 MJ/kg - NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 8.4 9.7 MJ/kg - NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 8.6 9.9 MJ/kg - DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 75 % UFL FL4 INRA 2018 1.02 1.17 per kg - UFV FL4 INRA 2018 1.02 1.17 per kg - PDIA FL4 INRA 2018 43 50 g/kg - PDI FL4 INRA 2018 91 106 g/kg - Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018 25 29 g/kg - Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018 0.127 0.147 per kg - Insoluble ash 0.06 0.07 % - Sodium 0.06 0.07 g/kg - Dietary cation-anion difference 75 87 mEq/kg - Electrolyte balance 165 191 mEq/kg - Iron 13 15 mg/kg - Selenium 0.04 0.05 mg/kg - Cobalt 0.07 0.08 mg/kg - C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C12:0 lauric acid 0.02 0.02 g/kg 0.08 % FA C18:4 stearidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C20:0 arachidic acid 0.05 0.06 g/kg 0.2 % FA 0-1.9 3 C20:4 arachidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C22:0 behenic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C22:1 erucic acid 0.1 0.2 g/kg 0.5 % FA C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C24:0 lignoceric acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA Digestible P pig (with phytase) 2 2.3 g/kg 38 % Available P cockerel 1.3 1.5 g/kg 25 % P Available P broiler 1.3 1.5 g/kg 25 % P UFL INRA 2007 1.03 1.19 per kg - UFV INRA 2007 1.03 1.19 per kg - DE salmonids (kcal) 2220 2560 kcal/kg - Energy digestibility, salmonids - 56 % N digestibility salmonids - 84 % DE growing pig (MJ) 15.3 17.6 MJ/kg - ME growing pig (MJ) 14.7 17 MJ/kg - NE growing pig (MJ) 11.2 12.9 MJ/kg - DE adult pig (MJ) 15.4 17.8 MJ/kg - ME adult pig (MJ) 14.8 17.1 MJ/kg - NE adult pig (MJ) 11.3 13.1 MJ/kg - AMEn cockerel (MJ) 12.5 14.4 MJ/kg - AMEn broiler (MJ) 12 13.9 MJ/kg - ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ) 11.6 13.4 MJ/kg - DE rabbit (MJ) 13.9 16 MJ/kg - ME rabbit (MJ) 13.2 15.2 MJ/kg - DE salmonids (MJ) 9.3 10.7 MJ/kg - VEM CVB 2018 1032 1192 per kg - VEVI CVB 2018 1126 1301 per kg - DVE CVB 1991 87 101 g/kg - OEB CVB 1991 27 32 g/kg - DVLYS CVB 1991 4.8 5.6 g/kg - DVMET CVB 1991 1.6 1.9 g/kg - TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001 76.9 88.9 % - DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001 3.45 3.98 Mcal/kg - NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.81 2.1 Mcal/kg - NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001 1.72 1.98 Mcal/kg - NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.95 2.25 Mcal/kg - NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.35 1.56 Mcal/kg - Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 25% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 22 % Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 50% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 26 % EN Lactation ruminants GfE 7.3 8.4 MJ/kg - nxP ruminants GfE 159 183 g/kg - RNB ruminants GfE 0.3 0.3 g/kg - Starch, enzymatic method 48.8 56.4 % - Vitamin A 0 0 1000 IU/kg - Vitamin D 0 0 1000 IU/kg - Vitamin E 5 5.8 mg/kg - Vitamin K 0.1 0.1 mg/kg - Vitamin B12 0 0 µg/kg - Pantothenic acid 5 5.8 mg/kg - Vitamin C 0 0 mg/kg -