Dry matter 96.2 100 % - 0.8 94 -97.4 46 1.2 Crude protein 13.3 13.8 % - 3.2 6.4 -20.2 84 3.3 6.9 -21 44 Crude fibre 0 0 % - Ash 8.2 8.5 % - 2 3.6 -14.7 84 2.1 4.5 -15.2 44 NDF 0 0 % - ADF 0 0 % - Lignin 0 0 % - Starch 0 0 % - Lactose 40 41.6 % - 6.1 31.4 -51.7 15 6.3 32.6 -54.6 15 Gross energy (kcal) 4630 4810 kcal/kg - Calcium 8.1 8.5 g/kg - 3.3 3.8 -33.5 14 3.5 3.9 -13.6 9 Phosphorus 7 7.2 g/kg - 1.5 3.3 -8.9 14 1.6 3.4 -9.1 9 Sodium 6.34 6.6 g/kg - 0.95 6 -8.2 7 0.99 6.24 -8.62 7 Chlorine 14.6 15.2 g/kg - 4.9 5.9 -24.3 9 5.1 6.1 -25.4 9 Lysine 9.9 10.3 g/kg 7.5 g/16g N Threonine 7.5 7.8 g/kg 5.7 g/16g N Methionine 2 2.1 g/kg 1.5 g/16g N Cystine 2.4 2.5 g/kg 1.8 g/16g N Methionine + cystine 4.4 4.6 g/kg 3.3 g/16g N Tryptophan 1.9 1.9 g/kg 1.4 g/16g N Isoleucine 7.1 7.4 g/kg 5.3 g/16g N Valine 6.8 7 g/kg 5.1 g/16g N Leucine 11.2 11.6 g/kg 8.4 g/16g N Phenylalanine 3.8 4 g/kg 2.9 g/16g N Tyrosine 2.2 2.3 g/kg 1.7 g/16g N Phenylalanine + tyrosine 6 6.3 g/kg 4.6 g/16g N Histidine 2.6 2.7 g/kg 1.9 g/16g N Arginine 3 3.1 g/kg 2.2 g/16g N Alanine 5.5 5.7 g/kg 4.1 g/16g N Aspartic acid 11.7 12.2 g/kg 8.8 g/16g N Glutamic acid 20.4 21.2 g/kg 15.4 g/16g N Glycine 2.5 2.6 g/kg 1.9 g/16g N Serine 5.9 6.1 g/kg 4.4 g/16g N Proline 4.8 4.9 g/kg 3.6 g/16g N Fatty acids 17.9 18.6 % 95 % fat DE growing pig (kcal) 4340 4520 kcal/kg - ME growing pig (kcal) 4230 4390 kcal/kg - NE growing pig (kcal) 3440 3580 kcal/kg - DE adult pig (kcal) 4340 4520 kcal/kg - ME adult pig (kcal) 4220 4390 kcal/kg - NE adult pig (kcal) 3440 3580 kcal/kg - Energy digestibility growing pig - 93.9 % OM digestibility growing pig - 98.9 % N digestibility growing pig - 95 % N digestibility ileal standardised pig - 81 % Crude fat digestibility pig - 88 % Energy digestibility adult pig - 93.9 % OM digestibility adult pig - 98.9 % N digestibility adult pig - 95 % Digestible P pig (no phytase) 6.3 6.5 g/kg 90 % AMEn cockerel (kcal) 3050 3170 kcal/kg - AMEn broiler (kcal) 3050 3170 kcal/kg - PDIA INRA 2007 8 8 g/kg - PDIN INRA 2007 79 83 g/kg - PDIE INRA 2007 66 69 g/kg - ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal) 3640 3780 kcal/kg - Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 94.2 % OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 94 % N digestibility ruminants - 74.7 % N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants - 95 % Fatty acids digestibility ruminants - 78.1 % Absorbable P ruminants 5.8 6 g/kg 83 % P N degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 95 % Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06) - 0 % DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 90 % Lysine ruminants INRA 2007 - 7.8 % PDIE Threonine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.5 % PDIE Methionine ruminants INRA 2007 - 2 % PDIE Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.6 % PDIE Valine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.9 % PDIE Leucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 8.4 % PDIE Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007 - 4.9 % PDIE Histidine ruminants INRA 2007 - 1.9 % PDIE Arginine ruminants INRA 2007 - 4.5 % PDIE DE salmonids (kcal) 3820 3980 kcal/kg - Energy digestibility, salmonids - 82.6 % 71.5-93.7 2 N digestibility salmonids - 88.2 % Gross energy (MJ) 19.4 20.1 MJ/kg - Absorbable Ca ruminants 4.5 4.7 g/kg 55 % Ca UFL FL1 INRA 2018 1.46 1.51 per kg - UFV FL1 INRA 2018 1.52 1.58 per kg - PDIA FL1 INRA 2018 13 14 g/kg - PDI FL1 INRA 2018 72 75 g/kg - Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018 13 14 g/kg - UFL INRA 2018 1.43 1.49 per kg - UFV INRA 2018 1.49 1.55 per kg - PDIA INRA 2018 16 17 g/kg - PDI INRA 2018 74 77 g/kg - Rumen protein balance INRA 2018 12 12 g/kg - NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 2520 2620 kcal/kg - NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 2630 2730 kcal/kg - ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 3650 3800 kcal/kg - OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 92.6 % Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 91 % N degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 87 % Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 0 % Lysine ruminants INRA 2018 - 8.1 % PDI Threonine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.7 % PDI Methionine ruminants INRA 2018 - 2.2 % PDI Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.8 % PDI Valine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.8 % PDI Leucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 8.7 % PDI Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.8 % PDI Histidine ruminants INRA 2018 - 2 % PDI Arginine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.5 % PDI ME ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 15.3 15.9 MJ/kg - NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 10.5 11 MJ/kg - NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 11 11.4 MJ/kg - DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 84 % UFL FL4 INRA 2018 1.38 1.44 per kg - UFV FL4 INRA 2018 1.43 1.49 per kg - PDIA FL4 INRA 2018 21 22 g/kg - PDI FL4 INRA 2018 78 82 g/kg - Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018 7 8 g/kg - Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018 0.037 0.038 per kg - Crude fat 18.8 19.6 % - 1 Insoluble ash 0.6 0.6 % - Water insoluble cell walls 0 0 % - Total sugars 40 41.6 % - Phytate phosphorus 0 0 g/kg 0 % P Magnesium 1.4 1.5 g/kg - Potassium 20.7 21.5 g/kg - Sulfur 4.7 4.8 g/kg - Dietary cation-anion difference 103 107 mEq/kg - Electrolyte balance 394 409 mEq/kg - Zinc 63 65 mg/kg - Copper 2 2 mg/kg - Iron 9 9 mg/kg - Selenium 0.2 0.2 mg/kg - Cobalt 0.1 0.1 mg/kg - Molybdenum 5 5 mg/kg - C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids 7 7.3 g/kg 3.9 % FA 1 C12:0 lauric acid 5.9 6.1 g/kg 3.3 % FA 1 C14:0 myristic acid 19.3 20.1 g/kg 10.8 % FA 1 C16:0 palmitic acid 52.4 54.5 g/kg 29.3 % FA 1 C16:1 palmitoleic acid 4.8 5 g/kg 2.7 % FA 1 C18:0 stearic acid 22.9 23.8 g/kg 12.8 % FA 1 C18:1 oleic acid 38.8 40.3 g/kg 21.7 % FA 1 C18:2 linoleic acid 7.2 7.4 g/kg 4 % FA 1 C18:3 linolenic acid 1.8 1.9 g/kg 1 % FA 1 C18:4 stearidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C20:0 arachidic acid 0.7 0.7 g/kg 0.4 % FA 1 C20:1 eicosenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C20:4 arachidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C22:0 behenic acid 2 2 g/kg 1.1 % FA 1 C22:1 erucic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C24:0 lignoceric acid 1.4 1.5 g/kg 0.8 % FA 1 Digestible P pig (with phytase) 6.3 6.5 g/kg 90 % Available P cockerel 5.9 6.2 g/kg 85 % P Available P broiler 5.9 6.2 g/kg 85 % P UFL INRA 2007 1.4 1.46 per kg - UFV INRA 2007 1.45 1.5 per kg - Immediately degradable N (a) - 90 % Potentially degradable N (b) - 10 % Degradation rate of particles N (c) - 0.05 h-1 DE rabbit (kcal) 3980 4140 kcal/kg - ME rabbit (kcal) 3870 4020 kcal/kg - Energy digestibility rabbit - 86 % N digestibility rabbit - 63 % Lysine, ileal standardised, pig 8.8 9.2 g/kg 89 % Threonine, ileal standardised, pig 6.4 6.6 g/kg 85 % Methionine, ileal standardised, pig 1.9 1.9 g/kg 92 % Cystine, ileal standardised, pig 2.1 2.2 g/kg 88 % Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig 4 4.1 g/kg 90 % Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig 1.6 1.7 g/kg 87 % Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig 6.3 6.5 g/kg 88 % Valine, ileal standardised, pig 5.9 6.1 g/kg 87 % Leucine, ileal standardised, pig 10.2 10.6 g/kg 91 % Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig 3.5 3.6 g/kg 90 % Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 2 2.1 g/kg 90 % Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 5.5 5.7 g/kg 90 % Histidine, ileal standardised, pig 2.3 2.4 g/kg 91 % Arginine, ileal standardised, pig 2.6 2.7 g/kg 88 % Alanine, ileal standardised, pig 4.6 4.8 g/kg 84 % Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig 10.5 10.9 g/kg 89 % Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig 18.7 19.4 g/kg 91 % Glycine, ileal standardised, pig 1.9 1.9 g/kg 75 % Serine, ileal standardised, pig 4.8 5 g/kg 81 % Proline, ileal standardised, pig 4.2 4.3 g/kg 87 % Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry 9.3 9.7 g/kg 94 % Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry 6.6 6.9 g/kg 88 % Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry 2 2.1 g/kg 97 % Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 2 2.1 g/kg 86 % Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 4 4.2 g/kg 91 % Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry 1.7 1.7 g/kg 90 % Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry 6.4 6.6 g/kg 90 % Valine, ileal standardized, poultry 6.1 6.3 g/kg 90 % Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry 10.1 10.5 g/kg 90 % Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry 3.5 3.6 g/kg 90 % Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 2 2.1 g/kg 90 % Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 5.4 5.7 g/kg 90 % Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.3 2.4 g/kg 89 % Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.6 2.7 g/kg 89 % Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry 5.1 5.3 g/kg 93 % Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 10.4 10.8 g/kg 89 % Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 18 18.7 g/kg 88 % Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.2 2.3 g/kg 90 % Serine, ileal standardized, poultry 5.2 5.4 g/kg 88 % Proline, ileal standardized, poultry 4.1 4.2 g/kg 86 % DE growing pig (MJ) 18.2 18.9 MJ/kg - ME growing pig (MJ) 17.7 18.4 MJ/kg - NE growing pig (MJ) 14.4 15 MJ/kg - DE adult pig (MJ) 18.2 18.9 MJ/kg - ME adult pig (MJ) 17.7 18.4 MJ/kg - NE adult pig (MJ) 14.4 15 MJ/kg - AMEn cockerel (MJ) 12.8 13.3 MJ/kg - AMEn broiler (MJ) 12.8 13.3 MJ/kg - ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ) 15.2 15.8 MJ/kg - DE rabbit (MJ) 16.7 17.3 MJ/kg - ME rabbit (MJ) 16.2 16.8 MJ/kg - DE salmonids (MJ) 16 16.6 MJ/kg - NDF digestibility ruminants - 0 % VEM CVB 2018 1402 1458 per kg - VEVI CVB 2018 1582 1645 per kg - DVE CVB 1991 62 64 g/kg - OEB CVB 1991 30 31 g/kg - DVLYS CVB 1991 4.7 4.9 g/kg - DVMET CVB 1991 1.5 1.6 g/kg - TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001 101 105 % - DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001 4.44 4.61 Mcal/kg - NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001 2.55 2.65 Mcal/kg - NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001 2.42 2.52 Mcal/kg - NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001 2.55 2.66 Mcal/kg - NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.82 1.89 Mcal/kg - Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 25% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 5 % Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 50% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 6 % EN Lactation ruminants GfE 9.9 10.3 MJ/kg - nxP ruminants GfE 183 191 g/kg - RNB ruminants GfE -8 -8 g/kg - Starch, enzymatic method 0 0 % - Vitamin D 0 0 1000 IU/kg - Biotin 0.4 0.4 mg/kg - Manganese 2 2 mg/kg -