Dry matter 62.4 100 % - 4.4 56.4 -73.5 136 9.9 Crude protein 30.7 49.2 % - 6.4 20.2 -36 133 9.7 34.1 -76.4 115 Crude fibre 0 0 % - Crude fat 0.9 1.4 % - 0.4 -1.5 4 0.6 -2.3 4 Ash 8.8 14.1 % - 3.5 4.5 -23.6 66 5.5 6.4 -35.8 68 NDF 0 0 % - ADF 0 0 % - Lignin 0 0 % - Starch 0 0 % - Total sugars 1.9 3 % - 1 1 Gross energy (kcal) 2620 4210 kcal/kg - 4180 -4380 2 Calcium 2.2 3.5 g/kg - 1.2 -3.8 3 1.8 -5.2 3 Phosphorus 1.4 2.2 g/kg - 0.9 -2.5 4 1.2 -3.4 4 Phytate phosphorus 0.1 0.2 g/kg 10 % P Magnesium 0.4 0.7 g/kg - 0.3 -0.5 2 0.5 -0.8 2 Potassium 36.4 58.4 g/kg - 18.1 2.8 -77.6 105 28.8 4 -117 104 Sodium 12.23 19.61 g/kg - 2.03 10.39 -17.84 12 2.96 16 -25 12 Chlorine 15.9 25.5 g/kg - 25 -26 2 Sulfur 9.6 15.4 g/kg - Dietary cation-anion difference 418 671 mEq/kg - Electrolyte balance 1018 1632 mEq/kg - Manganese 20 32 mg/kg - Zinc 86 138 mg/kg - Copper 8 13 mg/kg - Iron 160 256 mg/kg - Lysine 2.6 4.2 g/kg 0.9 g/16g N 1 1 1 Threonine 1.2 2 g/kg 0.4 g/16g N 1 1 1 Methionine 2 3.1 g/kg 0.6 g/16g N 1 1 Cystine 0.6 0.9 g/kg 0.2 g/16g N 1 1 Methionine + cystine 2.5 4.1 g/kg 0.8 g/16g N 1 1 Tryptophan 1.2 2 g/kg 0.4 g/16g N Isoleucine 1.7 2.8 g/kg 0.6 g/16g N 1 1 1 Valine 1.6 2.5 g/kg 0.5 g/16g N 1 1 1 Leucine 2 3.1 g/kg 0.6 g/16g N 1 1 1 Phenylalanine 0.6 0.9 g/kg 0.2 g/16g N 1 1 1 Tyrosine 1.8 2.9 g/kg 0.6 g/16g N 1 1 1 Phenylalanine + tyrosine 2.4 3.8 g/kg 0.8 g/16g N 1 1 1 Histidine 1.1 1.7 g/kg 0.4 g/16g N 1 1 1 Arginine 1.4 2.2 g/kg 0.5 g/16g N 1 1 1 Alanine 2.6 4.2 g/kg 0.9 g/16g N 1 1 1 Aspartic acid 4.9 7.9 g/kg 1.6 g/16g N 1 1 Glutamic acid 91.8 147 g/kg 29.9 g/16g N 1 1 1 Glycine 2.8 4.5 g/kg 0.9 g/16g N 1 1 1 Serine 2.3 3.7 g/kg 0.8 g/16g N 1 1 1 Proline 0.9 1.5 g/kg 0.3 g/16g N 1 1 Fatty acids 0.7 1.1 % 80 % fat DE growing pig (kcal) 1970 3150 kcal/kg - ME growing pig (kcal) 1800 2890 kcal/kg - NE growing pig (kcal) 1090 1750 kcal/kg - DE adult pig (kcal) 1970 3150 kcal/kg - ME adult pig (kcal) 1800 2890 kcal/kg - NE adult pig (kcal) 1100 1760 kcal/kg - Energy digestibility growing pig - 75 % OM digestibility growing pig - 75 % N digestibility growing pig - 75 % Crude fat digestibility pig - 75 % Energy digestibility adult pig - 75 % OM digestibility adult pig - 75 % N digestibility adult pig - 75 % PDIA INRA 2007 0 0 g/kg - PDIN INRA 2007 177 283 g/kg - PDIE INRA 2007 38 61 g/kg - ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal) 1520 2430 kcal/kg - Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 77 % 71.5-78.3 2 OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 78 % 70.6-80.7 2 N digestibility ruminants - 77.5 % 76.8-86.4 2 N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants - 100 % Fatty acids digestibility ruminants - 60.8 % Absorbable P ruminants 1 1.6 g/kg 73 % P N degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 100 % Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06) - 0 % DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 95 % Lysine ruminants INRA 2007 - 7.7 % PDIE Threonine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.4 % PDIE Methionine ruminants INRA 2007 - 2.1 % PDIE Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.6 % PDIE Valine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.9 % PDIE Leucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 8.1 % PDIE Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.1 % PDIE Histidine ruminants INRA 2007 - 1.9 % PDIE Arginine ruminants INRA 2007 - 4.6 % PDIE Gross energy (MJ) 11 17.6 MJ/kg - 17.5 -18.3 2 Absorbable Ca ruminants 1.2 1.9 g/kg 55 % Ca UFL FL1 INRA 2018 0.56 0.89 per kg - UFV FL1 INRA 2018 0.53 0.85 per kg - PDIA FL1 INRA 2018 5 8 g/kg - PDI FL1 INRA 2018 40 64 g/kg - Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018 231 371 g/kg - UFL INRA 2018 0.54 0.87 per kg - UFV INRA 2018 0.51 0.82 per kg - PDIA INRA 2018 8 13 g/kg - PDI INRA 2018 42 68 g/kg - Rumen protein balance INRA 2018 224 360 g/kg - NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 960 1540 kcal/kg - NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 910 1450 kcal/kg - ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 1510 2410 kcal/kg - OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 76.6 % Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 74.6 % N degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 93 % Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 0 % Lysine ruminants INRA 2018 - 6.8 % PDI Threonine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.8 % PDI Methionine ruminants INRA 2018 - 2.1 % PDI Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.7 % PDI Valine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.1 % PDI Leucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 7.2 % PDI Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.4 % PDI Histidine ruminants INRA 2018 - 1.7 % PDI Arginine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.4 % PDI ME ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 6.3 10.1 MJ/kg - NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 4 6.4 MJ/kg - NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 3.8 6.1 MJ/kg - DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 89 % UFL FL4 INRA 2018 0.52 0.83 per kg - UFV FL4 INRA 2018 0.48 0.77 per kg - PDIA FL4 INRA 2018 13 21 g/kg - PDI FL4 INRA 2018 47 75 g/kg - Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018 212 340 g/kg - Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018 0.024 0.038 per kg - Insoluble ash 0.01 0.01 % - Water insoluble cell walls 0 0 % - Selenium 0 0 mg/kg - C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C12:0 lauric acid 0.3 0.5 g/kg 4.5 % FA 1 C14:0 myristic acid 0.2 0.3 g/kg 3 % FA 1 C16:0 palmitic acid 3.1 5 g/kg 44.2 % FA 1 C16:1 palmitoleic acid 1.2 1.9 g/kg 16.9 % FA 1 C18:0 stearic acid 1 1.6 g/kg 13.9 % FA 1 C18:1 oleic acid 0.5 0.8 g/kg 7.3 % FA 1 C18:2 linoleic acid 0.2 0.3 g/kg 2.9 % FA 1 C18:3 linolenic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA 1 C18:4 stearidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C20:0 arachidic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C20:1 eicosenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C20:4 arachidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C22:0 behenic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C22:1 erucic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA C24:0 lignoceric acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA Digestible P pig (no phytase) 0.9 1.4 g/kg 65 % Digestible P pig (with phytase) 1.3 2.1 g/kg 98 % AMEn cockerel (kcal) 1290 2070 kcal/kg - AMEn broiler (kcal) 1290 2070 kcal/kg - Available P cockerel 0.3 0.5 g/kg 25 % P Available P broiler 0.3 0.5 g/kg 25 % P UFL INRA 2007 0.54 0.87 per kg - 0.51 -0.57 2 0.77 -0.87 2 UFV INRA 2007 0.51 0.82 per kg - 0.47 -0.52 2 Immediately degradable N (a) - 100 % Potentially degradable N (b) - 0 % Degradation rate of particles N (c) - 0.05 h-1 OM digestibility horse - 75.2 % Energy digestibility horse - 72.4 % Horse Forage Unit 0.38 0.61 per kg - DE rabbit (kcal) 2380 3820 kcal/kg - ME rabbit (kcal) 2080 3330 kcal/kg - Energy digestibility rabbit - 90.9 % N digestibility rabbit - 83 % DE salmonids (kcal) 1910 3060 kcal/kg - Energy digestibility, salmonids - 72.8 % N digestibility salmonids - 87.4 % Lysine, ileal standardised, pig 2.4 3.8 g/kg 91 % Threonine, ileal standardised, pig 1.1 1.7 g/kg 88 % Methionine, ileal standardised, pig 1.8 2.9 g/kg 91 % Cystine, ileal standardised, pig 0.5 0.8 g/kg 90 % Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig 2.3 3.7 g/kg 91 % Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig 1.1 1.7 g/kg 89 % Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig 1.5 2.4 g/kg 89 % Valine, ileal standardised, pig 1.4 2.2 g/kg 89 % Leucine, ileal standardised, pig 1.8 2.9 g/kg 91 % Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig 0.5 0.8 g/kg 91 % Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 1.6 2.6 g/kg 91 % Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 2.2 3.5 g/kg 91 % Histidine, ileal standardised, pig 1 1.6 g/kg 92 % Arginine, ileal standardised, pig 1.3 2.1 g/kg 93 % Alanine, ileal standardised, pig 2.3 3.7 g/kg 89 % Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig 4.3 7 g/kg 88 % Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig 84.9 136 g/kg 92 % Glycine, ileal standardised, pig 2.6 4.1 g/kg 92 % Serine, ileal standardised, pig 2.1 3.3 g/kg 90 % Proline, ileal standardised, pig 0.8 1.3 g/kg 91 % Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.3 3.6 g/kg 87 % Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry 1 1.6 g/kg 83 % Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.8 2.8 g/kg 89 % Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.5 0.7 g/kg 78 % Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.2 3.5 g/kg 87 % Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry 1.1 1.7 g/kg 86 % Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.5 2.4 g/kg 86 % Valine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.3 2.2 g/kg 86 % Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.7 2.8 g/kg 88 % Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.5 0.8 g/kg 88 % Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.6 2.6 g/kg 88 % Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.1 3.4 g/kg 88 % Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.9 1.5 g/kg 86 % Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.2 2 g/kg 89 % Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.3 3.6 g/kg 86 % Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 4 6.5 g/kg 82 % Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 82.6 132 g/kg 90 % Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.3 3.8 g/kg 84 % Serine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.9 3.1 g/kg 85 % Proline, ileal standardized, poultry 0.8 1.3 g/kg 86 % DE growing pig (MJ) 8.2 13.2 MJ/kg - ME growing pig (MJ) 7.6 12.1 MJ/kg - NE growing pig (MJ) 4.6 7.3 MJ/kg - DE adult pig (MJ) 8.2 13.2 MJ/kg - ME adult pig (MJ) 7.5 12.1 MJ/kg - NE adult pig (MJ) 4.6 7.4 MJ/kg - AMEn cockerel (MJ) 5.4 8.7 MJ/kg - AMEn broiler (MJ) 5.4 8.7 MJ/kg - ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ) 6.4 10.2 MJ/kg - DE rabbit (MJ) 10 16 MJ/kg - ME rabbit (MJ) 8.7 14 MJ/kg - DE salmonids (MJ) 8 12.8 MJ/kg - NDF digestibility ruminants - 0 % VEM CVB 2018 540 867 per kg - VEVI CVB 2018 556 892 per kg - DVE CVB 1991 28 45 g/kg - OEB CVB 1991 246 394 g/kg - DVLYS CVB 1991 2.4 3.8 g/kg - DVMET CVB 1991 0.8 1.3 g/kg - TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001 49.5 79.3 % - DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001 2.5 4.01 Mcal/kg - NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.32 2.11 Mcal/kg - NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001 1.24 1.99 Mcal/kg - NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.41 2.27 Mcal/kg - NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001 0.98 1.57 Mcal/kg - Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 25% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 0 % Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 50% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 0 % EN Lactation ruminants GfE 3.8 6.1 MJ/kg - nxP ruminants GfE 76 121 g/kg - RNB ruminants GfE 37 59 g/kg - Starch, enzymatic method 0 0 % - Vitamin D 0 0 1000 IU/kg -