Dry matter
94.6
100
%
-
1.4
93.2 -97.5
9
2.1
Crude protein
47.7
50.4
%
-
4.8
40.7 -53.7
9
5
43 -60.3
33
Crude fibre
4.8
5.1
%
-
1
0.7
4.4 -6.9
14
Crude fat
33.7
35.6
%
-
6.6
23.5 -46.4
32
Ash
3.4
3.6
%
-
1.3
2.9 -8.3
9
1.3
1.9 -8.8
34
Insoluble ash
0.2
0.2
%
-
1
NDF
11.4
12
%
-
7.4 -15
4
ADF
6.4
6.7
%
-
6.4 -7.2
3
Lignin
0
0
%
-
Starch
0
0
%
-
Total sugars
0
0
%
-
Gross energy (kcal)
6280
6630
kcal/kg
-
440
5530 -7460
3
450
5540 -7740
19
Calcium
2.2
2.4
g/kg
-
1
1.9
0.3 -6.2
12
Phosphorus
7.3
7.7
g/kg
-
1
3.3
4.4 -14.2
10
Magnesium
2.1
2.2
g/kg
-
2 -2.8
4
Potassium
9
9.5
g/kg
-
8.5 -10.8
3
Sodium
0.79
0.83
g/kg
-
0.72 -0.94
2
Manganese
9
9
mg/kg
-
3
3
6 -14
5
Zinc
118
125
mg/kg
-
27
28
83 -159
5
Copper
17
18
mg/kg
-
5
5
15 -27
5
Iron
55
59
mg/kg
-
27
29
26 -110
6
Selenium
0.4
0.5
mg/kg
-
0.3 -0.7
3
Iodine
0.1
0.1
mg/kg
-
0 -0.4
3
Lysine
30.7
32.4
g/kg
6.4
g/16g N
9
17.5 -34
3
9.5
14 -47.1
19
2
2.9-10.4
19
Threonine
24.6
26
g/kg
5.2
g/16g N
5.1
15.7 -36.3
19
1.2
3.5-7.6
19
Methionine
9.3
9.8
g/kg
1.9
g/16g N
3.9
5.1 -9.6
3
4.1
4.8 -18
19
0.9
1-3.9
19
Cystine
33.4
35.3
g/kg
7
g/16g N
25.2
3.5 -87
19
5.6
0.8-19.2
19
Methionine + cystine
42.7
45.1
g/kg
9
g/16g N
26.3
8.9 -97
19
5.9
1.6-21.4
19
Tryptophan
8.2
8.7
g/kg
1.7
g/16g N
1
6.1
1 -21
16
1.3
0.2-4.6
16
Isoleucine
28.4
30
g/kg
6
g/16g N
8.7
13.9 -49
17
2
3.2-11
17
Valine
41.8
44.2
g/kg
8.8
g/16g N
11.6
23.8 -58.6
19
2.7
5-12.8
19
Leucine
52.5
55.5
g/kg
11
g/16g N
19.7
28.1 -103
19
4.4
6-21.5
19
Phenylalanine
20.6
21.8
g/kg
4.3
g/16g N
3.4
13.6 -25
18
0.8
3.1-5.6
18
Tyrosine
30
31.8
g/kg
6.3
g/16g N
9.3
24.7 -34.9
3
9.8
16.9 -50
18
2.1
3.5-11
18
Phenylalanine + tyrosine
50.6
53.5
g/kg
10.6
g/16g N
10.6
37.5 -48.9
2
11.2
34 -75
18
2.5
7.1-16.5
18
Histidine
15.4
16.2
g/kg
3.2
g/16g N
2.3
10.1 -15.9
3
2.4
10.7 -18.8
18
0.5
2.3-4
18
Arginine
27.9
29.5
g/kg
5.9
g/16g N
7.7
19.7 -44.4
19
1.5
3.8-8.9
19
Alanine
53.4
56.4
g/kg
11.2
g/16g N
16.4
31.5 -90
19
3.8
6.2-20.1
19
Aspartic acid
47.9
50.6
g/kg
10
g/16g N
10
29.4 -72.3
19
2.3
5.6-15.2
19
Glutamic acid
77.5
81.9
g/kg
16.2
g/16g N
16.4
54.1 -110
18
4
10.2-23.1
18
Glycine
39.6
41.8
g/kg
8.3
g/16g N
12.7
20.4 -59
19
3
3.9-13.2
19
Serine
33.7
35.6
g/kg
7.1
g/16g N
8.8
21.5 -43
3
9.3
22.7 -58.4
19
2
4.3-11.1
19
Proline
31.2
33
g/kg
6.5
g/16g N
5.5
21 -32.5
3
5.8
22.3 -41.2
7
0.6
5.2-7
7
C14:0 myristic acid
7.8
8.2
g/kg
2.8
% FA
1
1
1.6
0.7-6.4
11
C16:0 palmitic acid
50.5
53.4
g/kg
18
% FA
1
1
5.9
6.8-28.7
12
C16:1 palmitoleic acid
5.8
6.1
g/kg
2.1
% FA
1
1
1.6
0.3-6.1
11
C18:0 stearic acid
11.6
12.2
g/kg
4.1
% FA
1
1
2.2
1.5-7.8
11
C18:1 oleic acid
103
108
g/kg
36.5
% FA
1
1
8.1
19.8-45.1
12
C18:2 linoleic acid
74.6
78.8
g/kg
26.6
% FA
1
1
9.1
8.5-35.2
12
C18:3 linolenic acid
2.4
2.6
g/kg
0.9
% FA
1
1
0.7
0-1.9
7
C20:1 eicosenoic acid
0.3
0.3
g/kg
0.1
% FA
1
0.09
0.03-0.3
6
C20:4 arachidonic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
1
0
0-0
6
C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid
0.1
0.2
g/kg
0.05
% FA
1
0.1
0-0.3
6
C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
1
0-0
2
Fatty acids
28.1
29.7
%
83
% fat
1
20.2 -40.5
4
80-86
2
Vitamin E
20.1
21.2
mg/kg
-
10.1 -33.4
3
Vitamin B1 thiamin
4.1
4.3
mg/kg
-
3.1 -6.3
3
Vitamin B2 riboflavin
24.3
25.6
mg/kg
-
12 -41.3
4
Vitamin B6 pyridoxine
13.8
14.6
mg/kg
-
0 -22.2
4
Vitamin B12
0.02
0.02
µg/kg
-
0 -0.06
4
Niacin
114
121
mg/kg
-
106 -150
3
Pantothenic acid
49.2
52
mg/kg
-
37.2 -68.8
3
Folic acid
3
3.2
mg/kg
-
0.6 -5
4
Biotin
1
1
mg/kg
-
0.8 -1.4
3
Choline
4341
4588
mg/kg
-
4390 -4840
3
DE growing pig (kcal)
5140
5440
kcal/kg
-
ME growing pig (kcal)
4850
5120
kcal/kg
-
NE growing pig (kcal)
3610
3820
kcal/kg
-
DE adult pig (kcal)
5140
5440
kcal/kg
-
ME adult pig (kcal)
4830
5100
kcal/kg
-
NE adult pig (kcal)
3610
3820
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility growing pig
-
81.9
%
OM digestibility growing pig
-
84.1
%
N digestibility growing pig
-
85
%
Crude fat digestibility pig
-
79.4
%
Energy digestibility adult pig
-
81.9
%
OM digestibility adult pig
-
84.1
%
N digestibility adult pig
-
85
%
AMEn cockerel (kcal)
5240
5540
kcal/kg
-
AMEn broiler (kcal)
4890
5170
kcal/kg
-
1
1
Gross energy (MJ)
26.3
27.8
MJ/kg
-
1.8
23.1 -31.2
3
1.9
23.2 -32.4
19
Water insoluble cell walls
10.6
11.2
%
-
Phytate phosphorus
0
0
g/kg
0
% P
C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
C12:0 lauric acid
0.8
0.8
g/kg
0.3
% FA
1
0.3
0-1
10
C18:4 stearidonic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
1
1
C20:0 arachidic acid
1.3
1.4
g/kg
0.5
% FA
1
0.6 -3.1
2
0.5
0.08-1.5
10
C22:0 behenic acid
0.02
0.02
g/kg
0.01
% FA
0 -0.03
2
0.01
0-0.03
6
C22:1 erucic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
1
1
C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid
0
0
g/kg
0
% FA
1
1
C24:0 lignoceric acid
0.08
0.09
g/kg
0.03
% FA
1
0.04
0-0.08
6
Digestible P pig (no phytase)
5.8
6.2
g/kg
80
%
Digestible P pig (with phytase)
5.8
6.2
g/kg
80
%
Available P cockerel
6.2
6.6
g/kg
85
% P
Available P broiler
6.2
6.6
g/kg
85
% P
UFL INRA 2007
1.61
1.7
per kg
-
UFV INRA 2007
1.6
1.69
per kg
-
PDIA INRA 2007
172
182
g/kg
-
PDIN INRA 2007
323
341
g/kg
-
PDIE INRA 2007
195
206
g/kg
-
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal)
4320
4560
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007
-
91
%
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007
-
85
%
N digestibility ruminants
-
78.9
%
N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants
-
80
%
7.9
59.2-82.4
7
Fatty acids digestibility ruminants
-
78.5
%
Absorbable P ruminants
6.6
6.9
g/kg
90
% P
N degradability ruminants (k=0.06)
-
59
%
Immediately degradable N (a)
-
2
%
0.9-2
2
Potentially degradable N (b)
-
66
%
59-73
2
Degradation rate of particles N (c)
-
0.43
h-1
0.11-0.75
2
Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06)
-
0
%
DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06)
-
73
%
Immediately degradable DM (a)
-
5
%
4-6
2
Potentially degradable DM (b)
-
76
%
72-80
2
Degradation rate of particles DM (c)
-
0.555
h-1
0.12-0.99
2
Lysine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5.9
% PDIE
Threonine ruminants INRA 2007
-
4.6
% PDIE
Methionine ruminants INRA 2007
-
1.5
% PDIE
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007
-
5
% PDIE
Valine ruminants INRA 2007
-
6.4
% PDIE
Leucine ruminants INRA 2007
-
8.9
% PDIE
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007
-
3.7
% PDIE
Histidine ruminants INRA 2007
-
2.3
% PDIE
Arginine ruminants INRA 2007
-
4.5
% PDIE
DE rabbit (kcal)
5430
5740
kcal/kg
-
ME rabbit (kcal)
4910
5180
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility rabbit
-
86.6
%
N digestibility rabbit
-
91.5
%
DE salmonids (kcal)
4810
5080
kcal/kg
-
Energy digestibility, salmonids
-
76.6
%
N digestibility salmonids
-
87.4
%
Lysine, ileal standardised, pig
27.6
29.2
g/kg
90
%
1
1
1
Threonine, ileal standardised, pig
22.2
23.4
g/kg
90
%
1
1
1
Methionine, ileal standardised, pig
8.4
8.8
g/kg
90
%
1
1
1
Cystine, ileal standardised, pig
30.1
31.8
g/kg
90
%
1
1
1
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig
35.4
37.4
g/kg
90
%
Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig
6.8
7.2
g/kg
83
%
Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig
25.5
27
g/kg
90
%
1
1
1
Valine, ileal standardised, pig
37.7
39.8
g/kg
90
%
1
1
1
Leucine, ileal standardised, pig
47.2
49.9
g/kg
90
%
1
1
1
Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig
18.5
19.6
g/kg
90
%
1
1
1
Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig
27
28.5
g/kg
90
%
1
1
1
Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig
42.8
45.3
g/kg
90
%
Histidine, ileal standardised, pig
13.8
14.6
g/kg
90
%
1
1
1
Arginine, ileal standardised, pig
25.1
26.6
g/kg
90
%
1
1
1
Alanine, ileal standardised, pig
48
50.8
g/kg
90
%
1
1
1
Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig
43.1
45.5
g/kg
90
%
1
1
1
Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig
69.7
73.7
g/kg
90
%
1
1
1
Glycine, ileal standardised, pig
35.7
37.7
g/kg
90
%
1
1
1
Serine, ileal standardised, pig
30.4
32.1
g/kg
90
%
1
1
1
Proline, ileal standardised, pig
28.3
29.9
g/kg
91
%
1
1
1
Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry
25.3
26.7
g/kg
82
%
Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry
19.4
20.5
g/kg
79
%
Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry
8
8.4
g/kg
86
%
Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry
24.9
26.3
g/kg
75
%
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry
30.3
32
g/kg
77
%
Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry
6.7
7.1
g/kg
82
%
Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry
23.5
24.9
g/kg
83
%
Valine, ileal standardized, poultry
34.4
36.4
g/kg
82
%
Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry
44.2
46.7
g/kg
84
%
Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry
17.4
18.4
g/kg
85
%
Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry
25
26.4
g/kg
83
%
Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry
40
42.2
g/kg
84
%
Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry
12.6
13.3
g/kg
82
%
Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry
23.8
25.2
g/kg
85
%
Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry
44.1
46.6
g/kg
83
%
Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry
37.6
39.8
g/kg
79
%
Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry
66.8
70.6
g/kg
86
%
Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry
31.5
33.3
g/kg
80
%
Serine, ileal standardized, poultry
27.3
28.8
g/kg
81
%
Proline, ileal standardized, poultry
25.7
27.2
g/kg
82
%
DE growing pig (MJ)
21.5
22.8
MJ/kg
-
ME growing pig (MJ)
20.3
21.4
MJ/kg
-
NE growing pig (MJ)
15.1
16
MJ/kg
-
DE adult pig (MJ)
21.5
22.8
MJ/kg
-
ME adult pig (MJ)
20.2
21.4
MJ/kg
-
NE adult pig (MJ)
15.1
16
MJ/kg
-
AMEn cockerel (MJ)
21.9
23.2
MJ/kg
-
AMEn broiler (MJ)
20.5
21.7
MJ/kg
-
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ)
18.1
19.1
MJ/kg
-
DE rabbit (MJ)
22.7
24
MJ/kg
-
ME rabbit (MJ)
20.5
21.7
MJ/kg
-
DE salmonids (MJ)
20.1
21.3
MJ/kg
-
Absorbable Ca ruminants
1.2
1.3
g/kg
55
% Ca
NDF digestibility ruminants
-
0
%
VEM CVB 2018
1605
1697
per kg
-
VEVI CVB 2018
1745
1844
per kg
-
DVE CVB 1991
184
195
g/kg
-
OEB CVB 1991
227
240
g/kg
-
DVLYS CVB 1991
3.7
4
g/kg
-
DVMET CVB 1991
1.2
1.3
g/kg
-
TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001
104
110
%
-
DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001
5.43
5.74
Mcal/kg
-
NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001
3.38
3.57
Mcal/kg
-
NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001
3.21
3.4
Mcal/kg
-
NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001
3.19
3.37
Mcal/kg
-
NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001
2.32
2.45
Mcal/kg
-
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 25% concentrate) NRC 2001
-
40
%
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 50% concentrate) NRC 2001
-
42
%
EN Lactation ruminants GfE
11.4
12
MJ/kg
-
nxP ruminants GfE
365
386
g/kg
-
RNB ruminants GfE
18
19
g/kg
-
UFL FL1 INRA 2018
1.82
1.93
per kg
-
UFV FL1 INRA 2018
1.88
1.98
per kg
-
PDIA FL1 INRA 2018
145
153
g/kg
-
PDI FL1 INRA 2018
192
203
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018
208
220
g/kg
-
UFL INRA 2018
1.78
1.88
per kg
-
UFV INRA 2018
1.82
1.93
per kg
-
PDIA INRA 2018
151
159
g/kg
-
PDI INRA 2018
197
208
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance INRA 2018
203
214
g/kg
-
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
3130
3310
kcal/kg
-
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
3210
3390
kcal/kg
-
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal)
4630
4890
kcal/kg
-
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018
-
83.6
%
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018
-
89.6
%
N degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
61
%
Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
0
%
Lysine ruminants INRA 2018
-
5.9
% PDI
Threonine ruminants INRA 2018
-
4.5
% PDI
Methionine ruminants INRA 2018
-
1.6
% PDI
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018
-
4.9
% PDI
Valine ruminants INRA 2018
-
6.3
% PDI
Leucine ruminants INRA 2018
-
9
% PDI
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018
-
4
% PDI
Histidine ruminants INRA 2018
-
2.4
% PDI
Arginine ruminants INRA 2018
-
4.4
% PDI
DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018
-
74
%
Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018
0.203
0.215
per kg
-
UFL FL4 INRA 2018
1.7
1.8
per kg
-
UFV FL4 INRA 2018
1.72
1.82
per kg
-
PDIA FL4 INRA 2018
160
169
g/kg
-
PDI FL4 INRA 2018
205
217
g/kg
-
Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018
192
203
g/kg
-
Starch, enzymatic method
0
0
%
-
Chlorine
5.4
5.7
g/kg
-
1
Electrolyte balance
114
121
mEq/kg
-
Vitamin A
0.3
0.3
1000 IU/kg
-
0 -0.8
3
Vitamin D
0
0
1000 IU/kg
-
1
Vitamin K
0
0
mg/kg
-
1
Vitamin C
130
137
mg/kg
-
31.5 -318
3