Cocoa meal, oil < 5%

Byproduct of the manufacture of cocoa butter (Theobroma cacao L.), obtained by complete extraction of cocoa beans.

Values

Main constituents
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Dry matter 88.3 100 % - 1.8 83.4 -92.3 58 2.9
Crude protein 24.3 27.6 % - 2.4 14.7 -27.2 93 2.7 17.5 -30.1 58
Crude fibre 13.6 15.4 % - 2.3 6.2 -18.9 91 2.6 9.6 -21.8 56
Crude fat 0.8 1 % - 1.1 0.1 -5 55 1.2 0.1 -5.5 47
Ash 9.5 10.8 % - 1.7 4.7 -11.9 38 1.9 5.2 -13.1 29
Insoluble ash 1.3 1.5 % - 0.3 -3.4 3 0.3 -3.7 3
NDF 36.8 41.7 % - 7.9 29.2 -49.3 10 8.9 32 -53.7 6
ADF 27.6 31.2 % - 6 20 -36.1 9 6.7 21.9 -36.7 6
Lignin 14.3 16.3 % - 3.1 12.4 -30.4 15 3.6 13.9 -24.1 11
Water insoluble cell walls 36 40.8 % -
Starch 10.1 11.4 % - 1.3 6.9 -12.2 13 1.4 7.8 -12.1 8
Starch, enzymatic method 7.1 8 % - 1 1
Total sugars 0.8 0.9 % - 0.8 -0.8 4 0.9 -0.9 4
Gross energy (kcal) 3760 4260 kcal/kg - 1 1
Gross energy (MJ) 15.7 17.8 MJ/kg - 1 1
Mineral elements
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Calcium 2.1 2.4 g/kg - 0.4 1.4 -2.4 7 0.4 1.5 -2.7 7
Phosphorus 6.5 7.4 g/kg - 0.3 6.3 -6.9 6 0.3 6.9 -7.7 6
Phytate phosphorus 3.9 4.4 g/kg 60 % P
Magnesium 4 4.5 g/kg -
Potassium 18.2 20.6 g/kg -
Sodium 0.18 0.2 g/kg - 0.09 0.1 -0.3 5
Chlorine 0.3 0.4 g/kg - 0.3 -0.4 4 1
Electrolyte balance 464 526 mEq/kg -
Fatty acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C12:0 lauric acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C14:0 myristic acid 0.01 0.01 g/kg 0.1 % FA
C16:0 palmitic acid 2.1 2.4 g/kg 26.6 % FA
C16:1 palmitoleic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C18:0 stearic acid 2.8 3.1 g/kg 34.7 % FA
C18:1 oleic acid 2.7 3.1 g/kg 34.1 % FA
C18:2 linoleic acid 0.2 0.3 g/kg 2.9 % FA
C18:3 linolenic acid 0.01 0.01 g/kg 0.1 % FA
C18:4 stearidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:0 arachidic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:1 eicosenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:4 arachidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:0 behenic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:1 erucic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C24:0 lignoceric acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
Fatty acids 0.8 0.9 % 95 % fat
Vitamins and pigments
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Vitamin D 0 0 1000 IU/kg -
Ruminants
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
UFL INRA 2018 0.39 0.45 per kg -
UFV INRA 2018 0.29 0.33 per kg -
PDIA INRA 2018 36 41 g/kg -
PDI INRA 2018 71 81 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance INRA 2018 120 136 g/kg -
Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018 0.313 0.354 per kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 1210 1370 kcal/kg -
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 690 790 kcal/kg -
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 520 590 kcal/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 5.1 5.7 MJ/kg -
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 2.9 3.3 MJ/kg -
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 2.2 2.5 MJ/kg -
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 45.6 %
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 43 %
N degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 77 %
Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 82 %
DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 53 %
Lysine ruminants INRA 2018 - 6.9 % PDI
Threonine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.1 % PDI
Methionine ruminants INRA 2018 - 1.7 % PDI
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5 % PDI
Valine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.4 % PDI
Leucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 8.5 % PDI
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.3 % PDI
Histidine ruminants INRA 2018 - 2 % PDI
Arginine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.2 % PDI
UFL FL1 INRA 2018 0.41 0.47 per kg -
UFV FL1 INRA 2018 0.32 0.36 per kg -
PDIA FL1 INRA 2018 31 35 g/kg -
PDI FL1 INRA 2018 68 77 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018 126 142 g/kg -
UFL FL4 INRA 2018 0.36 0.4 per kg -
UFV FL4 INRA 2018 0.26 0.29 per kg -
PDIA FL4 INRA 2018 44 50 g/kg -
PDI FL4 INRA 2018 79 89 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018 109 123 g/kg -
UFL INRA 2007 0.42 0.48 per kg -
UFV INRA 2007 0.33 0.37 per kg -
PDIA INRA 2007 35 40 g/kg -
PDIN INRA 2007 144 163 g/kg -
PDIE INRA 2007 64 73 g/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal) 1310 1480 kcal/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ) 5.5 6.2 MJ/kg -
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 47 %
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 44.4 %
N digestibility ruminants - 68.1 %
N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants - 65 %
NDF digestibility ruminants - 50 %
N degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 80 %
Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06) - 80 %
DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 55 %
Fatty acids digestibility ruminants - 56.1 %
Absorbable P ruminants 4.4 5 g/kg 68 % P
Absorbable Ca ruminants 1.2 1.3 g/kg 55 % Ca
Lysine ruminants INRA 2007 - 6.9 % PDIE
Threonine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.1 % PDIE
Methionine ruminants INRA 2007 - 1.6 % PDIE
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.2 % PDIE
Valine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.5 % PDIE
Leucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 8.4 % PDIE
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.3 % PDIE
Histidine ruminants INRA 2007 - 2 % PDIE
Arginine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.1 % PDIE
VEM CVB 2018 424 480 per kg -
VEVI CVB 2018 359 406 per kg -
DVE CVB 1991 29 33 g/kg -
OEB CVB 1991 145 164 g/kg -
DVLYS CVB 1991 1 1.1 g/kg -
DVMET CVB 1991 0.4 0.4 g/kg -
TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001 46.5 52.6 % -
DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001 2.24 2.54 Mcal/kg -
NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.01 1.15 Mcal/kg -
NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001 0.95 1.08 Mcal/kg -
NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.09 1.23 Mcal/kg -
NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001 0.58 0.66 Mcal/kg -
EN Lactation ruminants GfE 3 3.4 MJ/kg -
nxP ruminants GfE 108 122 g/kg -
RNB ruminants GfE 22 25 g/kg -
Pigs
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE growing pig (kcal) 2330 2640 kcal/kg -
ME growing pig (kcal) 2160 2440 kcal/kg -
NE growing pig (kcal) 1330 1510 kcal/kg -
DE adult pig (kcal) 2530 2860 kcal/kg -
ME adult pig (kcal) 2290 2600 kcal/kg -
NE adult pig (kcal) 1440 1630 kcal/kg -
DE growing pig (MJ) 9.8 11 MJ/kg -
ME growing pig (MJ) 9 10.2 MJ/kg -
NE growing pig (MJ) 5.6 6.3 MJ/kg -
DE adult pig (MJ) 10.6 12 MJ/kg -
ME adult pig (MJ) 9.6 10.9 MJ/kg -
NE adult pig (MJ) 6 6.8 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility growing pig - 62 %
Energy digestibility adult pig - 67.2 %
OM digestibility growing pig - 65.3 %
OM digestibility adult pig - 70.3 %
N digestibility growing pig - 64.8 %
N digestibility adult pig - 69.6 %
Crude fat digestibility pig - 0 %
Digestible P pig (no phytase) 2 2.2 g/kg 30 %
Digestible P pig (with phytase) 2.9 3.3 g/kg 45 %
Poultry
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
AMEn cockerel (kcal) 1430 1620 kcal/kg -
AMEn broiler (kcal) 1420 1610 kcal/kg -
AMEn cockerel (MJ) 6 6.8 MJ/kg -
AMEn broiler (MJ) 6 6.7 MJ/kg -
Available P cockerel 1.6 1.8 g/kg 25 % P
Available P broiler 1.6 1.8 g/kg 25 % P
Horses
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
OM digestibility horse - 71.3 %
Energy digestibility horse - 68.8 %
Horse Forage Unit 0.68 0.77 per kg -
Digestible crude protein horse 129 146 g/kg -
Rabbits
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE rabbit (kcal) 2020 2290 kcal/kg -
ME rabbit (kcal) 1860 2110 kcal/kg -
DE rabbit (MJ) 8.5 9.6 MJ/kg -
ME rabbit (MJ) 7.8 8.8 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility rabbit - 53.7 %
N digestibility rabbit - 54 %
Fish
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE salmonids (kcal) 2250 2550 kcal/kg -
DE salmonids (MJ) 9.4 10.7 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility, salmonids - 60 %
N digestibility salmonids - 85.8 %
Amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine 10.5 11.9 g/kg 4.3 g/16g N 1 7.9 -11 7 11 -12.2 3
Threonine 8.5 9.7 g/kg 3.5 g/16g N
Methionine 2.2 2.5 g/kg 0.9 g/16g N
Cystine 2.7 3 g/kg 1.1 g/16g N
Methionine + cystine 4.9 5.5 g/kg 2 g/16g N
Tryptophan 2.7 3 g/kg 1.1 g/16g N
Isoleucine 8.5 9.7 g/kg 3.5 g/16g N
Valine 9.3 10.5 g/kg 3.8 g/16g N
Leucine 15.1 17.1 g/kg 6.2 g/16g N
Phenylalanine 10.2 11.6 g/kg 4.2 g/16g N
Tyrosine 6.6 7.4 g/kg 2.7 g/16g N
Phenylalanine + tyrosine 16.8 19 g/kg 6.9 g/16g N
Histidine 3.9 4.4 g/kg 1.6 g/16g N
Arginine 12.2 13.8 g/kg 5 g/16g N
Alanine 9.7 11 g/kg 4 g/16g N
Aspartic acid 20.9 23.7 g/kg 8.6 g/16g N
Glutamic acid 36.5 41.4 g/kg 15 g/16g N
Glycine 7.8 8.8 g/kg 3.2 g/16g N
Serine 9.7 11 g/kg 4 g/16g N
Proline 7.8 8.8 g/kg 3.2 g/16g N
Pigs, amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine, ileal standardised, pig 6.9 7.8 g/kg 66 %
Threonine, ileal standardised, pig 5.7 6.5 g/kg 67 %
Methionine, ileal standardised, pig 1.7 1.9 g/kg 78 %
Cystine, ileal standardised, pig 1.7 1.9 g/kg 63 %
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig 3.4 3.9 g/kg 70 %
Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig 1.8 2.1 g/kg 68 %
Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig 6.3 7.2 g/kg 74 %
Valine, ileal standardised, pig 6.6 7.5 g/kg 72 %
Leucine, ileal standardised, pig 11.5 13 g/kg 76 %
Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig 8 9 g/kg 78 %
Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 4.9 5.6 g/kg 75 %
Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 12.9 14.6 g/kg 77 %
Histidine, ileal standardised, pig 2.9 3.3 g/kg 74 %
Arginine, ileal standardised, pig 10.1 11.5 g/kg 83 %
Alanine, ileal standardised, pig 6.7 7.6 g/kg 69 %
Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig 15.2 17.2 g/kg 73 %
Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig 29.4 33.3 g/kg 80 %
Glycine, ileal standardised, pig 4.8 5.5 g/kg 62 %
Serine, ileal standardised, pig 6.9 7.9 g/kg 71 %
Proline, ileal standardised, pig 5.6 6.3 g/kg 72 %
Poultry, amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry 7.5 8.5 g/kg 72 %
Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry 5.8 6.6 g/kg 68 %
Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.7 1.9 g/kg 78 %
Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.8 2 g/kg 67 %
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 3.5 4 g/kg 72 %
Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry 1.9 2.2 g/kg 72 %
Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry 6.4 7.2 g/kg 75 %
Valine, ileal standardized, poultry 6.8 7.6 g/kg 73 %
Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry 11.2 12.7 g/kg 74 %
Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry 7.8 8.8 g/kg 76 %
Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 4.7 5.3 g/kg 71 %
Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 12.4 14.1 g/kg 74 %
Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.8 3.2 g/kg 72 %
Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry 9.3 10.5 g/kg 76 %
Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry 7.1 8 g/kg 73 %
Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 14.6 16.6 g/kg 70 %
Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 28.1 31.8 g/kg 77 %
Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry 5.3 6 g/kg 69 %
Serine, ileal standardized, poultry 7 7.9 g/kg 72 %
Proline, ileal standardized, poultry 5.7 6.5 g/kg 74 %
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