Olive oil cake, with pits, oil < 5%

Byproduct of oil manufacture obtained by extraction of olive fruits (Olea europaea L.). This product contains pits. It has a low content in residual oil and results from mechanical pressure followed by solvent extraction.

Values

Main constituents
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Dry matter 89.3 100 % - 3.5 76.2 -96 44 5.5
Crude protein 10.2 11.5 % - 2.9 4.1 -13.7 46 3.2 4.7 -15.7 43
Crude fibre 35.6 39.9 % - 5.7 25.4 -52.5 63 6.2 29.8 -56.4 41
Crude fat 2.4 2.7 % - 0.9 1 -4.9 22 1 1.1 -5.4 20
Ash 7 7.8 % - 3.2 2.3 -14.7 23 3.6 3 -15.7 21
Insoluble ash 0.2 0.3 % -
NDF 62.5 70 % - 8.2 55.1 -79.7 13 8.8 58.7 -83.4 10
ADF 48.5 54.4 % - 6.1 39.9 -60.1 14 6.5 42.5 -64.1 11
Lignin 24.2 27.1 % - 2.7 20.5 -31.3 34 2.8 23.6 -35.3 31
Water insoluble cell walls 61.7 69.1 % -
Starch 0 0 % -
Starch, enzymatic method 0 0 % -
Total sugars 3.8 4.3 % - 1 -8.1 3 1.1 -10.6 3
Gross energy (kcal) 3990 4470 kcal/kg -
Gross energy (MJ) 16.7 18.7 MJ/kg -
Mineral elements
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Calcium 11.4 12.8 g/kg - 11.7 2 -34.2 7 13.1 2.6 -38 7
Phosphorus 1.4 1.6 g/kg - 1.2 0.3 -4 7 1.3 0.4 -4.4 7
Phytate phosphorus 0.9 1 g/kg 60 % P
Magnesium 0.3 0.4 g/kg -
Potassium 10.2 11.5 g/kg - 9 -11.8 3 1
Sodium 1.82 2.04 g/kg - 0.1 -4.6 4 0.33 -2.45 2
Chlorine 3.5 4 g/kg - 1.6 -7 3 1
Electrolyte balance 242 271 mEq/kg -
Manganese 29 33 mg/kg -
Zinc 22 25 mg/kg -
Copper 23 26 mg/kg -
Cobalt 0.3 0.4 mg/kg -
Fatty acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C12:0 lauric acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA 0-0 2
C14:0 myristic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA 0-0 2
C16:0 palmitic acid 2.1 2.3 g/kg 10.5 % FA 7.9-16.5 4
C16:1 palmitoleic acid 0.2 0.2 g/kg 1.1 % FA 0.3-1.8 2
C18:0 stearic acid 0.6 0.6 g/kg 2.9 % FA 2.2-3.5 4
C18:1 oleic acid 14.4 16.1 g/kg 73.6 % FA 66.4-79.6 4
C18:2 linoleic acid 2.2 2.5 g/kg 11.5 % FA 6.1-16.4 4
C18:3 linolenic acid 0.2 0.2 g/kg 1 % FA 0.7-1.6 4
C18:4 stearidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:0 arachidic acid 0.09 0.1 g/kg 0.5 % FA 0.4-0.5 4
C20:1 eicosenoic acid 0.07 0.08 g/kg 0.4 % FA 0.3-0.4 2
C20:4 arachidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA 1
C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:0 behenic acid 0.02 0.03 g/kg 0.1 % FA 0.1-0.2 2
C22:1 erucic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA 1
C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C24:0 lignoceric acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA 1
Fatty acids 2 2.2 % 80 % fat
Vitamins and pigments
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Vitamin D 0 0 1000 IU/kg -
Ruminants
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
UFL INRA 2018 0.2 0.23 per kg -
UFV INRA 2018 0.11 0.12 per kg -
PDIA INRA 2018 24 27 g/kg -
PDI INRA 2018 54 60 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance INRA 2018 -17 -19 g/kg -
Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018 0.501 0.562 per kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 660 740 kcal/kg -
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 360 400 kcal/kg -
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 190 210 kcal/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 2.8 3.1 MJ/kg -
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 1.5 1.7 MJ/kg -
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 0.8 0.9 MJ/kg -
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 25.6 %
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 22.9 %
N degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 41 %
Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 82 %
DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 29 %
Lysine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.1 % PDI
Threonine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.8 % PDI
Methionine ruminants INRA 2018 - 1.9 % PDI
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.9 % PDI
Valine ruminants INRA 2018 - 6.1 % PDI
Leucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 9.5 % PDI
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.5 % PDI
Histidine ruminants INRA 2018 - 1.8 % PDI
Arginine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.3 % PDI
UFL FL1 INRA 2018 0.22 0.25 per kg -
UFV FL1 INRA 2018 0.12 0.14 per kg -
PDIA FL1 INRA 2018 23 26 g/kg -
PDI FL1 INRA 2018 54 60 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018 -16 -18 g/kg -
UFL FL4 INRA 2018 0.16 0.18 per kg -
UFV FL4 INRA 2018 0.08 0.08 per kg -
PDIA FL4 INRA 2018 26 29 g/kg -
PDI FL4 INRA 2018 55 62 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018 -21 -24 g/kg -
UFL INRA 2007 0.23 0.26 per kg -
UFV INRA 2007 0.13 0.15 per kg -
PDIA INRA 2007 27 31 g/kg -
PDIN INRA 2007 47 53 g/kg -
PDIE INRA 2007 40 45 g/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal) 770 860 kcal/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ) 3.2 3.6 MJ/kg -
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 26.9 % 1
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 24.2 %
N digestibility ruminants - 38.9 % 1
N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants - 40 %
NDF digestibility ruminants - 50 %
N degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 40 %
Immediately degradable N (a) - 14 % 14-31 3
Potentially degradable N (b) - 45 % 45-51 3
Degradation rate of particles N (c) - 0.08 h-1 0.061-0.143 3
Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06) - 80 %
DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 30 %
Fatty acids digestibility ruminants - 69.7 %
Absorbable P ruminants 1 1.1 g/kg 68 % P
Absorbable Ca ruminants 6.3 7 g/kg 55 % Ca
Lysine ruminants INRA 2007 - 4.2 % PDIE
Threonine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.7 % PDIE
Methionine ruminants INRA 2007 - 1.6 % PDIE
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.8 % PDIE
Valine ruminants INRA 2007 - 6.3 % PDIE
Leucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 9.8 % PDIE
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.6 % PDIE
Histidine ruminants INRA 2007 - 1.9 % PDIE
Arginine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.4 % PDIE
VEM CVB 2018 232 260 per kg -
VEVI CVB 2018 145 162 per kg -
DVE CVB 1991 -8 -9 g/kg -
OEB CVB 1991 14 16 g/kg -
DVLYS CVB 1991 -1.3 -1.4 g/kg -
DVMET CVB 1991 0.4 0.5 g/kg -
TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001 30.6 34.3 % -
DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001 1.38 1.55 Mcal/kg -
NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001 0.45 0.5 Mcal/kg -
NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001 0.41 0.46 Mcal/kg -
NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001 0.37 0.42 Mcal/kg -
NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001 0 0 Mcal/kg -
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 25% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 58 %
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 50% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 62 %
EN Lactation ruminants GfE 1.6 1.8 MJ/kg -
nxP ruminants GfE 88 99 g/kg -
RNB ruminants GfE 2 2 g/kg -
Pigs
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE growing pig (kcal) 1490 1670 kcal/kg -
ME growing pig (kcal) 1390 1550 kcal/kg -
NE growing pig (kcal) 710 790 kcal/kg -
DE adult pig (kcal) 1830 2050 kcal/kg -
ME adult pig (kcal) 1650 1850 kcal/kg -
NE adult pig (kcal) 880 980 kcal/kg -
DE growing pig (MJ) 6.2 7 MJ/kg -
ME growing pig (MJ) 5.8 6.5 MJ/kg -
NE growing pig (MJ) 3 3.3 MJ/kg -
DE adult pig (MJ) 7.7 8.6 MJ/kg -
ME adult pig (MJ) 6.9 7.7 MJ/kg -
NE adult pig (MJ) 3.7 4.1 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility growing pig - 37.3 %
Energy digestibility adult pig - 45.8 %
OM digestibility growing pig - 42.5 %
OM digestibility adult pig - 50.8 %
N digestibility growing pig - 24.7 %
N digestibility adult pig - 44.5 %
Crude fat digestibility pig - 5.3 %
Digestible P pig (no phytase) 0.4 0.5 g/kg 30 %
Digestible P pig (with phytase) 0.6 0.7 g/kg 45 %
Poultry
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
AMEn cockerel (kcal) 790 890 kcal/kg -
AMEn broiler (kcal) 770 860 kcal/kg -
AMEn cockerel (MJ) 3.3 3.7 MJ/kg -
AMEn broiler (MJ) 3.2 3.6 MJ/kg -
Available P cockerel 0.4 0.4 g/kg 25 % P
Available P broiler 0.4 0.4 g/kg 25 % P
Horses
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
OM digestibility horse - 57.8 %
Energy digestibility horse - 55.9 %
Horse Forage Unit 0.66 0.74 per kg -
Digestible crude protein horse 36 40 g/kg -
Rabbits
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE rabbit (kcal) 1080 1210 kcal/kg -
ME rabbit (kcal) 1040 1160 kcal/kg -
DE rabbit (MJ) 4.5 5.1 MJ/kg -
ME rabbit (MJ) 4.4 4.9 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility rabbit - 27.2 %
N digestibility rabbit - 33 %
Fish
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE salmonids (kcal) 2060 2310 kcal/kg -
DE salmonids (MJ) 8.6 9.7 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility, salmonids - 51.7 %
N digestibility salmonids - 80.7 %
Amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine 0.9 1 g/kg 0.9 g/16g N 0.8-0.9 2
Threonine 6.3 7.1 g/kg 6.2 g/16g N 5.5-6.9 2
Methionine 1.5 1.7 g/kg 1.5 g/16g N 1.3-1.6 2
Cystine 1.1 1.3 g/kg 1.1 g/16g N 1.1-1.1 2
Methionine + cystine 2.6 2.9 g/kg 2.6 g/16g N 1.6 -1.7 2
Tryptophan 1 1.1 g/kg 1 g/16g N
Isoleucine 6.2 7 g/kg 6.1 g/16g N 6-6.2 2
Valine 6.9 7.7 g/kg 6.7 g/16g N 6.7-6.7 2
Leucine 10.7 12 g/kg 10.5 g/16g N 10.4-10.5 2
Phenylalanine 5.9 6.6 g/kg 5.8 g/16g N 5.7-5.8 2
Tyrosine 3.2 3.6 g/kg 3.2 g/16g N 3.1-3.2 2
Phenylalanine + tyrosine 9.1 10.2 g/kg 8.9 g/16g N 5.6 -5.8 2
Histidine 1.7 1.9 g/kg 1.7 g/16g N 1.6-1.7 2
Arginine 7.3 8.1 g/kg 7.1 g/16g N 7.1-7.1 2
Alanine 5.8 6.5 g/kg 5.7 g/16g N 5.6-5.8 2
Aspartic acid 12.6 14.2 g/kg 12.4 g/16g N 12.1-12.6 2
Glutamic acid 13.3 15 g/kg 13.1 g/16g N 10.3-15.8 2
Glycine 6.2 7 g/kg 6.1 g/16g N 6.1-6.1 2
Serine 7.6 8.5 g/kg 7.4 g/16g N 7.3-7.5 2
Proline 1.8 2 g/kg 1.8 g/16g N 1.6-1.9 2
Pigs, amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine, ileal standardised, pig 0.4 0.5 g/kg 49 %
Threonine, ileal standardised, pig 3.3 3.7 g/kg 53 %
Methionine, ileal standardised, pig 1 1.2 g/kg 69 %
Cystine, ileal standardised, pig 0.5 0.6 g/kg 45 %
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig 0.9 1 g/kg 59 %
Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig 0.6 0.6 g/kg 54 %
Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig 4 4.5 g/kg 64 %
Valine, ileal standardised, pig 4.1 4.6 g/kg 60 %
Leucine, ileal standardised, pig 7 7.9 g/kg 66 %
Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig 4.1 4.6 g/kg 69 %
Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 2.1 2.3 g/kg 65 %
Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 3.4 3.9 g/kg 68 %
Histidine, ileal standardised, pig 1 1.2 g/kg 62 %
Arginine, ileal standardised, pig 5.5 6.2 g/kg 76 %
Alanine, ileal standardised, pig 3.3 3.6 g/kg 56 %
Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig 7.8 8.7 g/kg 62 %
Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig 9.6 10.8 g/kg 72 %
Glycine, ileal standardised, pig 2.6 2.9 g/kg 42 %
Serine, ileal standardised, pig 4.4 4.9 g/kg 58 %
Proline, ileal standardised, pig 1.1 1.2 g/kg 59 %
Poultry, amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.5 0.6 g/kg 62 %
Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry 3.7 4.1 g/kg 58 %
Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.1 1.2 g/kg 71 %
Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.7 0.8 g/kg 60 %
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 1 1.1 g/kg 66 %
Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry 0.6 0.7 g/kg 63 %
Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry 4.2 4.7 g/kg 67 %
Valine, ileal standardized, poultry 4.4 4.9 g/kg 64 %
Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry 6.9 7.7 g/kg 65 %
Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry 4 4.4 g/kg 67 %
Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.9 2.1 g/kg 59 %
Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 3.3 3.7 g/kg 64 %
Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.1 1.2 g/kg 63 %
Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry 4.9 5.5 g/kg 68 %
Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry 3.7 4.2 g/kg 64 %
Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 7.8 8.7 g/kg 62 %
Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 9.1 10.2 g/kg 68 %
Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry 3.6 4.1 g/kg 58 %
Serine, ileal standardized, poultry 4.8 5.3 g/kg 63 %
Proline, ileal standardized, poultry 1.2 1.3 g/kg 65 %
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