Olive pulp, oil < 10%

Byproduct of oil manufacture obtained by extraction of olive fruits (Olea europaea L.). This product does not contain pits. It has a relatively low content in residual oil and results from mechanical pressure, possibly followed by solvent extraction.

Values

Main constituents
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Dry matter 88.5 100 % - 3.1 82.5 -92.2 11 4.9
Crude protein 10.9 12.3 % - 1.7 8.9 -14.5 11 1.9 10.2 -15.8 13
Crude fibre 18.9 21.4 % - 3.6 13.2 -27.2 11 4 14.7 -30 13
Crude fat 3.7 4.2 % - 2.1 2.5 -8.1 4 2.4 2 -8.8 6
Ash 7.1 8 % - 3 4.9 -15.1 7 3.3 5.7 -16.4 9
Insoluble ash 0.2 0.3 % -
NDF 48.7 55 % - 26.9 -61.4 3 30 -67.6 3
ADF 37.4 42.3 % - 9.6 24.3 -49.8 3 10.7 27.1 -54.9 5
Lignin 21.6 24.4 % -
Water insoluble cell walls 47.9 54.1 % -
Starch 0 0 % -
Starch, enzymatic method 0 0 % -
Total sugars 3.8 4.3 % -
Gross energy (kcal) 3880 4380 kcal/kg -
Gross energy (MJ) 16.2 18.3 MJ/kg -
Mineral elements
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Calcium 11.1 12.5 g/kg - 5 -19.9 2 5.5 -21.6 3
Phosphorus 1.5 1.7 g/kg - 1.3 -2.2 2 1.2 -2.4 3
Phytate phosphorus 0.9 1 g/kg 60 % P
Magnesium 0.7 0.8 g/kg - 1
Potassium 10.1 11.5 g/kg -
Sodium 0.09 0.1 g/kg - 1
Chlorine 3.5 4 g/kg -
Electrolyte balance 165 187 mEq/kg -
Manganese 29 33 mg/kg - 1
Zinc 22 25 mg/kg - 1
Copper 23 26 mg/kg - 1
Cobalt 0.3 0.4 mg/kg - 1
Fatty acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C12:0 lauric acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA 0-0 2
C14:0 myristic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA 0-0 2
C16:0 palmitic acid 3.1 3.6 g/kg 10.5 % FA 7.9-16.5 4
C16:1 palmitoleic acid 0.3 0.4 g/kg 1.1 % FA 0.3-1.8 2
C18:0 stearic acid 0.9 1 g/kg 2.9 % FA 2.2-3.5 4
C18:1 oleic acid 22.1 24.9 g/kg 73.6 % FA 66.4-79.6 4
C18:2 linoleic acid 3.5 3.9 g/kg 11.5 % FA 6.1-16.4 4
C18:3 linolenic acid 0.3 0.3 g/kg 1 % FA 0.7-1.6 4
C18:4 stearidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:0 arachidic acid 0.1 0.2 g/kg 0.5 % FA 0.4-0.5 4
C20:1 eicosenoic acid 0.1 0.1 g/kg 0.4 % FA 0.3-0.4 2
C20:4 arachidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA 1
C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:0 behenic acid 0.04 0.04 g/kg 0.1 % FA 0.1-0.2 2
C22:1 erucic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA 1
C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C24:0 lignoceric acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA 1
Fatty acids 3 3.4 % 80 % fat
Vitamins and pigments
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Vitamin D 0 0 1000 IU/kg -
Ruminants
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
UFL INRA 2018 0.36 0.4 per kg -
UFV INRA 2018 0.25 0.29 per kg -
PDIA INRA 2018 8 9 g/kg -
PDI INRA 2018 43 49 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance INRA 2018 -13 -15 g/kg -
Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018 0.424 0.479 per kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 1110 1260 kcal/kg -
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 630 710 kcal/kg -
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 450 500 kcal/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 5.1 5.8 MJ/kg -
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 2.9 3.3 MJ/kg -
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 2.2 2.4 MJ/kg -
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 39.2 %
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 36.4 %
N degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 50 %
Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 82 %
DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 39 %
Lysine ruminants INRA 2018 - 6.7 % PDI
Threonine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.6 % PDI
Methionine ruminants INRA 2018 - 2.1 % PDI
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.7 % PDI
Valine ruminants INRA 2018 - 6 % PDI
Leucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 8.8 % PDI
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.3 % PDI
Histidine ruminants INRA 2018 - 1.9 % PDI
Arginine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5 % PDI
UFL FL1 INRA 2018 0.38 0.43 per kg -
UFV FL1 INRA 2018 0.28 0.31 per kg -
PDIA FL1 INRA 2018 7 8 g/kg -
PDI FL1 INRA 2018 44 49 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018 -10 -11 g/kg -
UFL FL4 INRA 2018 0.32 0.36 per kg -
UFV FL4 INRA 2018 0.21 0.24 per kg -
PDIA FL4 INRA 2018 9 10 g/kg -
PDI FL4 INRA 2018 44 50 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018 -19 -22 g/kg -
UFL INRA 2007 0.38 0.43 per kg -
UFV INRA 2007 0.28 0.31 per kg -
PDIA INRA 2007 10 11 g/kg -
PDIN INRA 2007 36 40 g/kg -
PDIE INRA 2007 31 35 g/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal) 1190 1350 kcal/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ) 5 5.6 MJ/kg -
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 40.5 % 33.7-69.4 3
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 37.7 %
N digestibility ruminants - 48.2 %
N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants - 15 %
NDF digestibility ruminants - 50 %
N degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 48 %
Immediately degradable N (a) - 10 %
Potentially degradable N (b) - 66 %
Degradation rate of particles N (c) - 0.08 h-1
Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06) - 80 %
DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 40 %
Fatty acids digestibility ruminants - 73 %
Absorbable P ruminants 1 1.1 g/kg 68 % P
Absorbable Ca ruminants 6.1 6.9 g/kg 55 % Ca
Lysine ruminants INRA 2007 - 6.2 % PDIE
Threonine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.5 % PDIE
Methionine ruminants INRA 2007 - 1.9 % PDIE
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.7 % PDIE
Valine ruminants INRA 2007 - 6.1 % PDIE
Leucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 8.9 % PDIE
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.3 % PDIE
Histidine ruminants INRA 2007 - 1.9 % PDIE
Arginine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5 % PDIE
VEM CVB 2018 379 428 per kg -
VEVI CVB 2018 302 341 per kg -
DVE CVB 1991 -8 -9 g/kg -
OEB CVB 1991 11 12 g/kg -
DVLYS CVB 1991 -0.1 -0.1 g/kg -
DVMET CVB 1991 0.7 0.8 g/kg -
TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001 40.2 45.4 % -
DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001 1.79 2.02 Mcal/kg -
NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001 0.73 0.82 Mcal/kg -
NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001 0.67 0.76 Mcal/kg -
NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001 0.73 0.82 Mcal/kg -
NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001 0.25 0.28 Mcal/kg -
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 25% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 50 %
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 50% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 56 %
EN Lactation ruminants GfE 2.7 3 MJ/kg -
nxP ruminants GfE 101 114 g/kg -
RNB ruminants GfE 1 2 g/kg -
Pigs
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE growing pig (kcal) 1950 2200 kcal/kg -
ME growing pig (kcal) 1820 2060 kcal/kg -
NE growing pig (kcal) 1110 1250 kcal/kg -
DE adult pig (kcal) 2210 2500 kcal/kg -
ME adult pig (kcal) 2010 2270 kcal/kg -
NE adult pig (kcal) 1260 1430 kcal/kg -
DE growing pig (MJ) 8.2 9.2 MJ/kg -
ME growing pig (MJ) 7.6 8.6 MJ/kg -
NE growing pig (MJ) 4.6 5.2 MJ/kg -
DE adult pig (MJ) 9.3 10.5 MJ/kg -
ME adult pig (MJ) 8.4 9.5 MJ/kg -
NE adult pig (MJ) 5.3 6 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility growing pig - 50.2 %
Energy digestibility adult pig - 57 %
OM digestibility growing pig - 54.6 %
OM digestibility adult pig - 61.1 %
N digestibility growing pig - 49.3 %
N digestibility adult pig - 63.8 %
Crude fat digestibility pig - 39.5 %
Digestible P pig (no phytase) 0.4 0.5 g/kg 30 %
Digestible P pig (with phytase) 0.7 0.7 g/kg 45 %
Poultry
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
AMEn cockerel (kcal) 870 980 kcal/kg -
AMEn broiler (kcal) 830 940 kcal/kg -
AMEn cockerel (MJ) 3.6 4.1 MJ/kg -
AMEn broiler (MJ) 3.5 3.9 MJ/kg -
Available P cockerel 0.4 0.4 g/kg 25 % P
Available P broiler 0.4 0.4 g/kg 25 % P
Horses
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
OM digestibility horse - 63 %
Energy digestibility horse - 60.9 %
Horse Forage Unit 0.65 0.74 per kg -
Digestible crude protein horse 46 52 g/kg -
Rabbits
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE rabbit (kcal) 1680 1900 kcal/kg -
ME rabbit (kcal) 1640 1850 kcal/kg -
DE rabbit (MJ) 7 8 MJ/kg -
ME rabbit (MJ) 6.9 7.8 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility rabbit - 43.3 %
N digestibility rabbit - 27 %
Fish
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE salmonids (kcal) 2050 2310 kcal/kg -
DE salmonids (MJ) 8.6 9.7 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility, salmonids - 52.8 %
N digestibility salmonids - 81.3 %
Amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine 0.9 1 g/kg 0.9 g/16g N 0.8-0.9 2
Threonine 6.8 7.6 g/kg 6.2 g/16g N 5.5-6.9 2
Methionine 1.6 1.8 g/kg 1.5 g/16g N 1.3-1.6 2
Cystine 1.2 1.4 g/kg 1.1 g/16g N 1.1-1.1 2
Methionine + cystine 2.8 3.1 g/kg 2.6 g/16g N
Tryptophan 1.1 1.2 g/kg 1 g/16g N
Isoleucine 6.7 7.5 g/kg 6.1 g/16g N 6-6.2 2
Valine 7.3 8.3 g/kg 6.7 g/16g N 6.7-6.7 2
Leucine 11.4 12.9 g/kg 10.5 g/16g N 10.4-10.5 2
Phenylalanine 6.3 7.1 g/kg 5.8 g/16g N 5.7-5.8 2
Tyrosine 3.4 3.9 g/kg 3.2 g/16g N 3.1-3.2 2
Phenylalanine + tyrosine 9.7 11 g/kg 8.9 g/16g N
Histidine 1.8 2 g/kg 1.7 g/16g N 1.6-1.7 2
Arginine 7.7 8.8 g/kg 7.1 g/16g N 7.1-7.1 2
Alanine 6.2 7 g/kg 5.7 g/16g N 5.6-5.8 2
Aspartic acid 13.5 15.2 g/kg 12.4 g/16g N 12.1-12.6 2
Glutamic acid 14.2 16.1 g/kg 13.1 g/16g N 10.3-15.8 2
Glycine 6.7 7.5 g/kg 6.1 g/16g N 6.1-6.1 2
Serine 8.1 9.1 g/kg 7.4 g/16g N 7.3-7.5 2
Proline 1.9 2.2 g/kg 1.8 g/16g N 1.6-1.9 2
Pigs, amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine, ileal standardised, pig 0.5 0.6 g/kg 58 %
Threonine, ileal standardised, pig 4.1 4.6 g/kg 60 %
Methionine, ileal standardised, pig 1.2 1.3 g/kg 74 %
Cystine, ileal standardised, pig 0.7 0.7 g/kg 55 %
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig 1.8 2.1 g/kg 66 %
Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig 0.7 0.8 g/kg 61 %
Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig 4.6 5.2 g/kg 70 %
Valine, ileal standardised, pig 4.9 5.5 g/kg 66 %
Leucine, ileal standardised, pig 8.1 9.2 g/kg 71 %
Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig 4.6 5.2 g/kg 74 %
Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 2.4 2.7 g/kg 70 %
Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 7.1 8 g/kg 73 %
Histidine, ileal standardised, pig 1.2 1.4 g/kg 68 %
Arginine, ileal standardised, pig 6.2 7 g/kg 80 %
Alanine, ileal standardised, pig 3.9 4.4 g/kg 63 %
Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig 9.1 10.3 g/kg 67 %
Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig 10.9 12.3 g/kg 77 %
Glycine, ileal standardised, pig 3.5 4 g/kg 53 %
Serine, ileal standardised, pig 5.3 5.9 g/kg 65 %
Proline, ileal standardised, pig 1.3 1.4 g/kg 66 %
Poultry, amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.6 0.7 g/kg 67 %
Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry 4.3 4.8 g/kg 63 %
Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.2 1.3 g/kg 75 %
Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.8 0.9 g/kg 64 %
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.9 2.2 g/kg 70 %
Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry 0.7 0.8 g/kg 68 %
Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry 4.8 5.4 g/kg 71 %
Valine, ileal standardized, poultry 5 5.7 g/kg 69 %
Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry 7.9 9 g/kg 70 %
Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry 4.5 5.1 g/kg 72 %
Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.2 2.5 g/kg 65 %
Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 6.8 7.6 g/kg 70 %
Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.2 1.4 g/kg 68 %
Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry 5.6 6.3 g/kg 72 %
Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry 4.3 4.8 g/kg 69 %
Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 8.9 10.1 g/kg 66 %
Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 10.4 11.7 g/kg 73 %
Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry 4.2 4.8 g/kg 64 %
Serine, ileal standardized, poultry 5.5 6.2 g/kg 68 %
Proline, ileal standardized, poultry 1.3 1.5 g/kg 70 %
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