Vinasse, from yeast production, protein 48%

Humid byproduct of the production of bakery yeast from molasses. It should contain about 48% of crude protein (as fed, calculated as nitrogen x 6.25). It has been partly depotassified by action of ammonium sulfate.

Values

Main constituents
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Dry matter 70.6 100 % - 2.4 62 -76.5 516 4.7
Crude protein 46.7 66.1 % - 2.6 44 -52 512 2.9 56.1 -76.4 495
Crude fibre 0 0 % -
Crude fat 1 1.4 % -
Ash 6.8 9.6 % - 2.4 3 -13.9 396 3.4 4.1 -19 396
Insoluble ash 0.01 0.01 % - 1 1
NDF 0 0 % -
ADF 0 0 % -
Lignin 0 0 % -
Water insoluble cell walls 0 0 % -
Starch 0 0 % -
Starch, enzymatic method 0 0 % -
Total sugars 2.1 3 % - 0.8 1 -4.4 78 1.1 1.5 -6.3 78
Gross energy (kcal) 3290 4660 kcal/kg -
Gross energy (MJ) 13.8 19.5 MJ/kg -
Mineral elements
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Calcium 1.4 2 g/kg - 0.8 0.3 -4.3 78 1.1 0.4 -6 78
Phosphorus 1.5 2.1 g/kg - 0.9 0.1 -3.9 79 1.3 0.1 -5.6 79
Phytate phosphorus 0.1 0.2 g/kg 10 % P
Magnesium 0.6 0.8 g/kg - 1 1
Potassium 14.4 20.3 g/kg - 7.2 1.5 -32.7 238 10.2 2 -44.7 237
Sodium 8.7 12.32 g/kg - 3.08 4.68 -18.22 79 4.34 6.54 -24.51 79
Chlorine 12.2 17.3 g/kg - 1 1
Sulfur 10.9 15.4 g/kg -
Dietary cation-anion difference -277 -392 mEq/kg -
Electrolyte balance 402 570 mEq/kg -
Manganese 23 32 mg/kg -
Zinc 98 138 mg/kg - 1 1
Copper 9 13 mg/kg -
Iron 181 256 mg/kg -
Selenium 0 0 mg/kg -
Fatty acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C12:0 lauric acid 0.4 0.5 g/kg 4.5 % FA 1
C14:0 myristic acid 0.2 0.3 g/kg 3 % FA 1
C16:0 palmitic acid 3.6 5 g/kg 44.2 % FA 1
C16:1 palmitoleic acid 1.4 1.9 g/kg 16.9 % FA 1
C18:0 stearic acid 1.1 1.6 g/kg 13.9 % FA 1
C18:1 oleic acid 0.6 0.8 g/kg 7.3 % FA 1
C18:2 linoleic acid 0.2 0.3 g/kg 2.9 % FA 1
C18:3 linolenic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA 1
C18:4 stearidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:0 arachidic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:1 eicosenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:4 arachidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:0 behenic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:1 erucic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C24:0 lignoceric acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
Fatty acids 0.8 1.1 % 80 % fat
Vitamins and pigments
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Vitamin D 0 0 1000 IU/kg -
Ruminants
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
UFL INRA 2018 0.69 0.97 per kg -
UFV INRA 2018 0.65 0.92 per kg -
PDIA INRA 2018 13 18 g/kg -
PDI INRA 2018 52 74 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance INRA 2018 364 515 g/kg -
Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018 0.027 0.038 per kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 1900 2690 kcal/kg -
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 1210 1710 kcal/kg -
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 1150 1620 kcal/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 7.9 11.2 MJ/kg -
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 5.1 7.2 MJ/kg -
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 4.8 6.8 MJ/kg -
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 76.6 %
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 77.4 %
N degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 93 %
Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 0 %
DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 89 %
Lysine ruminants INRA 2018 - 6.6 % PDI
Threonine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.6 % PDI
Methionine ruminants INRA 2018 - 2.1 % PDI
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.5 % PDI
Valine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.9 % PDI
Leucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 7 % PDI
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.2 % PDI
Histidine ruminants INRA 2018 - 1.7 % PDI
Arginine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.3 % PDI
UFL FL1 INRA 2018 0.7 1 per kg -
UFV FL1 INRA 2018 0.67 0.95 per kg -
PDIA FL1 INRA 2018 8 11 g/kg -
PDI FL1 INRA 2018 48 68 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018 374 530 g/kg -
UFL FL4 INRA 2018 0.65 0.93 per kg -
UFV FL4 INRA 2018 0.61 0.86 per kg -
PDIA FL4 INRA 2018 20 29 g/kg -
PDI FL4 INRA 2018 59 84 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018 345 489 g/kg -
UFL INRA 2007 0.65 0.92 per kg -
UFV INRA 2007 0.61 0.86 per kg -
PDIA INRA 2007 0 0 g/kg -
PDIN INRA 2007 269 381 g/kg -
PDIE INRA 2007 45 64 g/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal) 1840 2610 kcal/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ) 7.7 10.9 MJ/kg -
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 78 %
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 77.8 %
N digestibility ruminants - 78.6 %
N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants - 100 %
NDF digestibility ruminants - 0 %
N degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 100 %
Immediately degradable N (a) - 100 %
Potentially degradable N (b) - 0 %
Degradation rate of particles N (c) - 0.05 h-1
Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06) - 0 %
DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 95 %
Fatty acids digestibility ruminants - 60.8 %
Absorbable P ruminants 1.1 1.5 g/kg 73 % P
Absorbable Ca ruminants 0.8 1.1 g/kg 55 % Ca
Lysine ruminants INRA 2007 - 7.7 % PDIE
Threonine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.4 % PDIE
Methionine ruminants INRA 2007 - 2.1 % PDIE
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.6 % PDIE
Valine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.9 % PDIE
Leucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 8.1 % PDIE
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.1 % PDIE
Histidine ruminants INRA 2007 - 1.9 % PDIE
Arginine ruminants INRA 2007 - 4.6 % PDIE
VEM CVB 2018 651 922 per kg -
VEVI CVB 2018 663 939 per kg -
DVE CVB 1991 34 49 g/kg -
OEB CVB 1991 394 557 g/kg -
DVLYS CVB 1991 2.9 4.1 g/kg -
DVMET CVB 1991 1 1.4 g/kg -
TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001 59.4 84.1 % -
DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001 3.14 4.45 Mcal/kg -
NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.69 2.39 Mcal/kg -
NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001 1.6 2.27 Mcal/kg -
NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.8 2.55 Mcal/kg -
NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.28 1.81 Mcal/kg -
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 25% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 0 %
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 50% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 0 %
EN Lactation ruminants GfE 4.6 6.5 MJ/kg -
nxP ruminants GfE 92 130 g/kg -
RNB ruminants GfE 60 85 g/kg -
Pigs
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE growing pig (kcal) 2470 3490 kcal/kg -
ME growing pig (kcal) 2230 3160 kcal/kg -
NE growing pig (kcal) 1330 1880 kcal/kg -
DE adult pig (kcal) 2470 3490 kcal/kg -
ME adult pig (kcal) 2220 3150 kcal/kg -
NE adult pig (kcal) 1320 1870 kcal/kg -
DE growing pig (MJ) 10.3 14.6 MJ/kg -
ME growing pig (MJ) 9.3 13.2 MJ/kg -
NE growing pig (MJ) 5.6 7.9 MJ/kg -
DE adult pig (MJ) 10.3 14.6 MJ/kg -
ME adult pig (MJ) 9.3 13.2 MJ/kg -
NE adult pig (MJ) 5.5 7.8 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility growing pig - 75 %
Energy digestibility adult pig - 75 %
OM digestibility growing pig - 75 %
OM digestibility adult pig - 75 %
N digestibility growing pig - 75 %
N digestibility adult pig - 75 %
Crude fat digestibility pig - 75 %
Digestible P pig (no phytase) 1 1.3 g/kg 65 %
Digestible P pig (with phytase) 1.4 2 g/kg 98 %
Poultry
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
AMEn cockerel (kcal) 1910 2700 kcal/kg -
AMEn broiler (kcal) 1910 2700 kcal/kg -
AMEn cockerel (MJ) 8 11.3 MJ/kg -
AMEn broiler (MJ) 8 11.3 MJ/kg -
Available P cockerel 0.4 0.5 g/kg 25 % P
Available P broiler 0.4 0.5 g/kg 25 % P
Horses
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
OM digestibility horse - 75.2 %
Energy digestibility horse - 72.4 %
Horse Forage Unit 0.45 0.64 per kg -
Rabbits
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE rabbit (kcal) 3250 4610 kcal/kg -
ME rabbit (kcal) 2880 4080 kcal/kg -
DE rabbit (MJ) 13.6 19.3 MJ/kg -
ME rabbit (MJ) 12.1 17.1 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility rabbit - 98.9 %
N digestibility rabbit - 66.3 %
Fish
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE salmonids (kcal) 2630 3720 kcal/kg -
DE salmonids (MJ) 11 15.6 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility, salmonids - 79.9 %
N digestibility salmonids - 87.9 %
Amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine 4 5.6 g/kg 0.9 g/16g N 0.4-0.9 2
Threonine 1.9 2.6 g/kg 0.4 g/16g N 1 1 1
Methionine 3 4.2 g/kg 0.6 g/16g N 1 0.08-0.7 2
Cystine 0.9 1.3 g/kg 0.2 g/16g N 1 1.1 -1.3 2 0.2-0.2 2
Methionine + cystine 3.9 5.5 g/kg 0.8 g/16g N 1 0.2-0.9 2
Tryptophan 1.9 2.6 g/kg 0.4 g/16g N
Isoleucine 2.6 3.7 g/kg 0.6 g/16g N 1 1 1
Valine 2.4 3.4 g/kg 0.5 g/16g N 1 1 1
Leucine 3 4.2 g/kg 0.6 g/16g N 1 1 1
Phenylalanine 0.9 1.3 g/kg 0.2 g/16g N 1 1 1
Tyrosine 2.8 3.9 g/kg 0.6 g/16g N 1 1 1
Phenylalanine + tyrosine 3.6 5.2 g/kg 0.8 g/16g N 1 1 1
Histidine 1.6 2.3 g/kg 0.4 g/16g N 1 1 1
Arginine 2.1 3 g/kg 0.5 g/16g N 1 1 1
Alanine 4 5.6 g/kg 0.9 g/16g N 1 1 1
Aspartic acid 7.5 10.6 g/kg 1.6 g/16g N 1 1
Glutamic acid 140 198 g/kg 29.9 g/16g N 1 1 1
Glycine 4.2 6 g/kg 0.9 g/16g N 1 1 1
Serine 3.5 5 g/kg 0.8 g/16g N 1 1 1
Proline 1.4 2 g/kg 0.3 g/16g N 1 1
Pigs, amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine, ileal standardised, pig 3.6 5.1 g/kg 91 %
Threonine, ileal standardised, pig 1.6 2.3 g/kg 88 %
Methionine, ileal standardised, pig 2.7 3.8 g/kg 91 %
Cystine, ileal standardised, pig 0.8 1.1 g/kg 90 %
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig 3.5 5 g/kg 91 %
Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig 1.7 2.3 g/kg 89 %
Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig 2.3 3.3 g/kg 89 %
Valine, ileal standardised, pig 2.1 3 g/kg 89 %
Leucine, ileal standardised, pig 2.7 3.9 g/kg 91 %
Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig 0.8 1.1 g/kg 91 %
Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 2.5 3.5 g/kg 91 %
Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 3.3 4.7 g/kg 91 %
Histidine, ileal standardised, pig 1.5 2.1 g/kg 92 %
Arginine, ileal standardised, pig 2 2.8 g/kg 93 %
Alanine, ileal standardised, pig 3.5 5 g/kg 89 %
Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig 6.6 9.4 g/kg 88 %
Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig 129 183 g/kg 92 %
Glycine, ileal standardised, pig 3.9 5.5 g/kg 92 %
Serine, ileal standardised, pig 3.2 4.5 g/kg 90 %
Proline, ileal standardised, pig 1.3 1.8 g/kg 91 %
Poultry, amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry 3.4 4.9 g/kg 87 %
Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.6 2.2 g/kg 83 %
Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.7 3.8 g/kg 89 %
Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.7 1 g/kg 78 %
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 3.4 4.7 g/kg 87 %
Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry 1.6 2.3 g/kg 86 %
Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.3 3.2 g/kg 86 %
Valine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.1 2.9 g/kg 86 %
Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.6 3.7 g/kg 88 %
Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.8 1.1 g/kg 88 %
Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.4 3.4 g/kg 88 %
Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 3.2 4.6 g/kg 88 %
Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.4 2 g/kg 86 %
Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.9 2.6 g/kg 89 %
Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry 3.4 4.9 g/kg 86 %
Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 6.1 8.7 g/kg 82 %
Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 126 178 g/kg 90 %
Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry 3.6 5.1 g/kg 84 %
Serine, ileal standardized, poultry 3 4.2 g/kg 85 %
Proline, ileal standardized, poultry 1.2 1.7 g/kg 86 %
Origin France, ex factory
Environmental impact
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Cumulative energy demand (non-renewable: fossil+nuclear) 0.59 0.84 MJ/kg -
Phosphorus consumption 0.09 0.12 g P/kg -
Climate change (ILCD) 36 51 g CO2eq/kg -
Acidification (ILCD) 0.0004 0.0005 mol H+eq/kg -
Eutrophication (CML baseline) 1.61 2.28 g PO4---eq/kg -
Land competition (CML non baseline) 0 0 m²yr/kg -
CSVXLSXXML