Dried byproduct of brewery consisting of the rootlets and germs of sprouted barley grains (Hordeum vulgare L.) obtained after cleaning the malted barley. Other name: malt culms.
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dry matter | 89.8 | 100 | % | - | 2.4 | 70.8 -96 | 388 | 3.8 | ||||||
Crude protein | 20.3 | 22.6 | % | - | 2.9 | 12 -30.9 | 492 | 3.2 | 13.5 -32.7 | 382 | ||||
Crude fibre | 12.4 | 13.9 | % | - | 1.6 | 7.2 -19.4 | 447 | 1.8 | 9.2 -20.7 | 350 | ||||
Crude fat | 1.6 | 1.8 | % | - | 0.4 | 0.7 -3.6 | 546 | 0.4 | 0.7 -3.9 | 540 | ||||
Ash | 5.3 | 5.9 | % | - | 0.7 | 3.3 -10 | 317 | 0.7 | 3.7 -8 | 237 | ||||
Insoluble ash | 1.2 | 1.3 | % | - | 0.5 | 0.3 -1.9 | 10 | 0.6 | 0.4 -2.1 | 9 | ||||
NDF | 40.1 | 44.6 | % | - | 4.9 | 30.6 -48.2 | 53 | 5.3 | 35.5 -53.7 | 47 | ||||
ADF | 14.8 | 16.5 | % | - | 1.8 | 10.4 -18 | 52 | 2 | 12.4 -19.9 | 46 | ||||
Lignin | 2.3 | 2.6 | % | - | 0.5 | 0.4 -2.5 | 73 | 0.5 | 0.5 -3 | 74 | ||||
Water insoluble cell walls | 37.9 | 42.3 | % | - | 34.9 -41 | 2 | ||||||||
Starch | 14.8 | 16.5 | % | - | 5.6 | 2.9 -34.6 | 457 | 6.3 | 3.3 -38.4 | 363 | ||||
Starch, enzymatic method | 14.4 | 16 | % | - | ||||||||||
Total sugars | 9.9 | 11 | % | - | 2.9 | 4.7 -17.1 | 45 | 3.2 | 5.3 -18.8 | 42 | ||||
Gross energy (kcal) | 3940 | 4390 | kcal/kg | - | 150 | 3910 -4380 | 7 | 130 | 4140 -4680 | 13 | ||||
Gross energy (MJ) | 16.5 | 18.4 | MJ/kg | - | 0.6 | 16.4 -18.3 | 7 | 0.5 | 17.3 -19.6 | 13 |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Calcium | 2 | 2.3 | g/kg | - | 0.7 | 0.8 -3.9 | 97 | 0.8 | 0.9 -4.5 | 94 | ||||
Phosphorus | 5.4 | 6 | g/kg | - | 1 | 3.1 -8.5 | 119 | 1.1 | 3.5 -12.2 | 111 | ||||
Phytate phosphorus | 1.3 | 1.5 | g/kg | 25 | % P | |||||||||
Magnesium | 1.5 | 1.7 | g/kg | - | 0.4 | 1.4 -2.5 | 6 | 0.4 | 1.5 -2.6 | 6 | ||||
Potassium | 11.8 | 13.1 | g/kg | - | 3.6 | 9.1 -19.4 | 7 | 4 | 10.3 -21.9 | 7 | ||||
Sodium | 0.25 | 0.28 | g/kg | - | 0.14 | 0.06 -0.58 | 40 | 0.16 | 0.07 -0.66 | 38 | ||||
Chlorine | 3.7 | 4.1 | g/kg | - | 1.7 | 2.2 -7.4 | 6 | 1.9 | 2.5 -7.7 | 6 | ||||
Sulfur | 3.3 | 3.7 | g/kg | - | ||||||||||
Dietary cation-anion difference | 2 | 2 | mEq/kg | - | ||||||||||
Electrolyte balance | 210 | 234 | mEq/kg | - | ||||||||||
Manganese | 71 | 80 | mg/kg | - | 19 | 55 -115 | 6 | 22 | 62 -119 | 6 | ||||
Zinc | 93 | 104 | mg/kg | - | 15 | 72 -125 | 7 | 17 | 80 -130 | 7 | ||||
Copper | 12 | 13 | mg/kg | - | 3 | 9 -17 | 7 | 3 | 10 -18 | 7 | ||||
Iron | 446 | 497 | mg/kg | - | 225 | 122 -748 | 7 | 250 | 134 -824 | 7 | ||||
Selenium | 0.6 | 0.7 | mg/kg | - | ||||||||||
Cobalt | 0.1 | 0.1 | mg/kg | - | ||||||||||
Molybdenum | 1 | 1 | mg/kg | - |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids | 0 | 0 | g/kg | 0 | % FA | |||||||||
C12:0 lauric acid | 0 | 0 | g/kg | 0 | % FA | |||||||||
C14:0 myristic acid | 0.03 | 0.03 | g/kg | 0.4 | % FA | 0.3-0.5 | 2 | |||||||
C16:0 palmitic acid | 1.5 | 1.7 | g/kg | 21.2 | % FA | 0.3 | 1 -1.7 | 5 | 0.3 | 1 -1.9 | 5 | 2 | 19-26.9 | 13 |
C16:1 palmitoleic acid | 0.01 | 0.01 | g/kg | 0.2 | % FA | 1 | ||||||||
C18:0 stearic acid | 0.08 | 0.09 | g/kg | 1.1 | % FA | 0.5 | 0.6-2.3 | 12 | ||||||
C18:1 oleic acid | 1 | 1.1 | g/kg | 13.4 | % FA | 2.2 | 11.4-17.8 | 12 | ||||||
C18:2 linoleic acid | 4.1 | 4.5 | g/kg | 55.9 | % FA | 1.2 | 53-57.5 | 12 | ||||||
C18:3 linolenic acid | 0.6 | 0.7 | g/kg | 8.7 | % FA | 2.3 | 4.4-11.6 | 12 | ||||||
C18:4 stearidonic acid | 0 | 0 | g/kg | 0 | % FA | |||||||||
C20:0 arachidic acid | 0.07 | 0.07 | g/kg | 0.9 | % FA | 1 | ||||||||
C20:1 eicosenoic acid | 0 | 0 | g/kg | 0 | % FA | |||||||||
C20:4 arachidonic acid | 0 | 0 | g/kg | 0 | % FA | |||||||||
C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid | 0 | 0 | g/kg | 0 | % FA | |||||||||
C22:0 behenic acid | 0 | 0 | g/kg | 0 | % FA | |||||||||
C22:1 erucic acid | 0 | 0 | g/kg | 0 | % FA | |||||||||
C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid | 0 | 0 | g/kg | 0 | % FA | |||||||||
C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid | 0 | 0 | g/kg | 0 | % FA | |||||||||
C24:0 lignoceric acid | 0 | 0 | g/kg | 0 | % FA | |||||||||
Fatty acids | 0.7 | 0.8 | % | 45 | % fat |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Vitamin D | 0 | 0 | 1000 IU/kg | - |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DE growing pig (kcal) | 2380 | 2650 | kcal/kg | - | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
ME growing pig (kcal) | 2220 | 2470 | kcal/kg | - | ||||||||||
NE growing pig (kcal) | 1480 | 1650 | kcal/kg | - | ||||||||||
DE adult pig (kcal) | 2560 | 2850 | kcal/kg | - | ||||||||||
ME adult pig (kcal) | 2360 | 2630 | kcal/kg | - | ||||||||||
NE adult pig (kcal) | 1570 | 1750 | kcal/kg | - | ||||||||||
DE growing pig (MJ) | 9.9 | 11.1 | MJ/kg | - | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
ME growing pig (MJ) | 9.3 | 10.3 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
NE growing pig (MJ) | 6.2 | 6.9 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
DE adult pig (MJ) | 10.7 | 11.9 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
ME adult pig (MJ) | 9.9 | 11 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
NE adult pig (MJ) | 6.6 | 7.3 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
Energy digestibility growing pig | - | 60.3 | % | |||||||||||
Energy digestibility adult pig | - | 64.9 | % | |||||||||||
OM digestibility growing pig | - | 63.7 | % | |||||||||||
OM digestibility adult pig | - | 68 | % | |||||||||||
N digestibility growing pig | - | 78.2 | % | 1 | ||||||||||
N digestibility adult pig | - | 83.6 | % | |||||||||||
Crude fat digestibility pig | - | 0 | % | |||||||||||
Digestible P pig (no phytase) | 1.9 | 2.1 | g/kg | 35 | % | |||||||||
Digestible P pig (with phytase) | 2.8 | 3.1 | g/kg | 53 | % |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AMEn cockerel (kcal) | 1820 | 2020 | kcal/kg | - | 220 | 1240 -1960 | 6 | 240 | 1370 -2030 | 6 | ||||
AMEn broiler (kcal) | 1800 | 2010 | kcal/kg | - | ||||||||||
AMEn cockerel (MJ) | 7.6 | 8.5 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
AMEn broiler (MJ) | 7.5 | 8.4 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
Available P cockerel | 1.3 | 1.5 | g/kg | 25 | % P | |||||||||
Available P broiler | 1.3 | 1.5 | g/kg | 25 | % P |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OM digestibility horse | - | 65.9 | % | |||||||||||
Energy digestibility horse | - | 63.6 | % | |||||||||||
Horse Forage Unit | 0.71 | 0.79 | per kg | - | ||||||||||
Digestible crude protein horse | 138 | 154 | g/kg | - |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DE rabbit (kcal) | 2660 | 2960 | kcal/kg | - | ||||||||||
ME rabbit (kcal) | 2500 | 2790 | kcal/kg | - | ||||||||||
DE rabbit (MJ) | 11.1 | 12.4 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
ME rabbit (MJ) | 10.5 | 11.7 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
Energy digestibility rabbit | - | 67.5 | % | |||||||||||
N digestibility rabbit | - | 63.1 | % |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DE salmonids (kcal) | 2260 | 2520 | kcal/kg | - | ||||||||||
DE salmonids (MJ) | 9.5 | 10.5 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
Energy digestibility, salmonids | - | 57.4 | % | |||||||||||
N digestibility salmonids | - | 85 | % |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lysine | 9.1 | 10.1 | g/kg | 4.5 | g/16g N | 1.9 | 8 -15.3 | 12 | 2.1 | 9.1 -16 | 11 | 0.3 | 4-5.3 | 12 |
Threonine | 6.9 | 7.7 | g/kg | 3.4 | g/16g N | 0.2 | 3-3.5 | 8 | ||||||
Methionine | 3.1 | 3.4 | g/kg | 1.5 | g/16g N | 0.4 | 2.8 -4.4 | 11 | 0.5 | 3.1 -4.5 | 10 | 0.2 | 1.1-1.6 | 11 |
Cystine | 3.4 | 3.8 | g/kg | 1.7 | g/16g N | 0.5 | 2.7 -4.4 | 10 | 0.5 | 3.1 -4.5 | 9 | |||
Methionine + cystine | 6.5 | 7.3 | g/kg | 3.2 | g/16g N | 0.8 | 5.6 -8.7 | 10 | 0.9 | 6.3 -9 | 9 | |||
Tryptophan | 2.3 | 2.6 | g/kg | 1.1 | g/16g N | 1 | 1 | 0.9-1.4 | 2 | |||||
Isoleucine | 7.3 | 8.1 | g/kg | 3.6 | g/16g N | 0.3 | 3-3.8 | 7 | ||||||
Valine | 9.8 | 10.9 | g/kg | 4.8 | g/16g N | 0.3 | 4.2-5 | 7 | ||||||
Leucine | 14 | 15.6 | g/kg | 6.9 | g/16g N | 2.2 | 11.2 -17.8 | 7 | 2.4 | 12.5 -20 | 8 | |||
Phenylalanine | 9.1 | 10.1 | g/kg | 4.5 | g/16g N | 0.8 | 6.7 -9.7 | 6 | ||||||
Tyrosine | 5.9 | 6.5 | g/kg | 2.9 | g/16g N | 0.9 | 4.7 -7.3 | 6 | 1 | 5.3 -7.9 | 7 | |||
Phenylalanine + tyrosine | 15 | 16.7 | g/kg | 7.4 | g/16g N | 1.7 | 11.4 -17 | 6 | 1.8 | 12.9 -17.6 | 7 | |||
Histidine | 4.4 | 4.9 | g/kg | 2.1 | g/16g N | 0.1 | 1.8-2.2 | 7 | ||||||
Arginine | 9.4 | 10.4 | g/kg | 4.6 | g/16g N | 1.8 | 8.8 -13.3 | 6 | 2 | 9.9 -14.8 | 7 | 0.4 | 3.6-4.9 | 7 |
Alanine | 9.3 | 10.4 | g/kg | 4.6 | g/16g N | 0.3 | 4.1-4.7 | 6 | ||||||
Aspartic acid | 13.4 | 14.9 | g/kg | 6.6 | g/16g N | |||||||||
Glutamic acid | 38.2 | 42.5 | g/kg | 18.8 | g/16g N | |||||||||
Glycine | 7.7 | 8.6 | g/kg | 3.8 | g/16g N | 0.2 | 3.4-3.9 | 6 | ||||||
Serine | 8.1 | 9 | g/kg | 4 | g/16g N | 1.5 | 7.2 -11.4 | 6 | 1.6 | 8.1 -12.8 | 7 | |||
Proline | 17.4 | 19.4 | g/kg | 8.6 | g/16g N |