Maize germ meal, oil 5-20%

Byproduct of oil manufacture, obtained by extraction of maize germs (Zea mays L.), consisting of spent germs to which parts of the endosperm and outer skins may still adhere. This product has a high content in residual oil and results from mechanical pressure only. Other name: corn germ meal (USA).

Values

Main constituents
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Dry matter 96.8 100 % - 1.2 88.4 -98.2 157 1.7
Crude protein 25.6 26.4 % - 2 17.9 -30.3 225 2 19.1 -31.1 156
Crude fibre 9.2 9.5 % - 1 7.1 -14.4 203 1 7.4 -13.8 143
Crude fat 9.3 9.6 % - 2.2 5.2 -14.2 64 2.3 5.6 -14.8 67
Ash 2.2 2.2 % - 0.8 1.3 -7.9 183 0.8 1.4 -8.9 185
Insoluble ash 0.09 0.1 % - 0.1 -0.1 2
NDF 39.3 40.6 % - 11 19 -57 10
ADF 10.9 11.2 % - 2.2 10.6 -17.8 8
Lignin 2.6 2.7 % - 0.9 1.5 -3.4 6 0.9 1.6 -4 6
Water insoluble cell walls 39.9 41.2 % - 1 1
Starch 21.9 22.6 % - 2.5 9.7 -37.2 186 2.5 11 -38.8 128
Starch, enzymatic method 20.3 21 % -
Total sugars 0.7 0.7 % - 0.08 0.6 -0.7 4 0.08 0.6 -0.8 5
Gross energy (kcal) 4860 5020 kcal/kg - 1 4990 -5130 3
Gross energy (MJ) 20.3 21 MJ/kg - 1 20.9 -21.5 3
Mineral elements
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Calcium 0.3 0.3 g/kg - 0.1 0.1 -0.4 6 0.1 0.1 -0.4 6
Phosphorus 5.3 5.4 g/kg - 1 3.3 -5.8 8 1 3.5 -6.6 8
Phytate phosphorus 3.7 3.8 g/kg 70 % P 67-73 2
Magnesium 3.1 3.2 g/kg -
Potassium 1.5 1.6 g/kg -
Sodium 0.74 0.76 g/kg - 0.26 0.34 -1.11 8 0.27 0.35 -1.14 8
Chlorine 1.4 1.4 g/kg -
Sulfur 2.4 2.4 g/kg -
Dietary cation-anion difference -116 -120 mEq/kg -
Electrolyte balance 32 33 mEq/kg -
Manganese 13 13 mg/kg -
Zinc 75 77 mg/kg -
Copper 14 14 mg/kg -
Iron 230 238 mg/kg -
Selenium 0.6 0.6 mg/kg -
Cobalt 0.3 0.3 mg/kg -
Fatty acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C12:0 lauric acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C14:0 myristic acid 0.1 0.1 g/kg 0.1 % FA 0.1 0.1-0.4 18
C16:0 palmitic acid 7.8 8.1 g/kg 10.5 % FA 0.8 8.6-13.6 202
C16:1 palmitoleic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA 1
C18:0 stearic acid 1.3 1.4 g/kg 1.8 % FA 0.2 1.3-2.7 201
C18:1 oleic acid 19.4 20.1 g/kg 26.1 % FA 3 20-35.4 202
C18:2 linoleic acid 44.2 45.7 g/kg 59.5 % FA 3.4 49.4-67.6 208
C18:3 linolenic acid 1 1 g/kg 1.3 % FA 0.3 0.3-1.9 202
C18:4 stearidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:0 arachidic acid 0.4 0.4 g/kg 0.6 % FA 0.2 0.1-1.2 186
C20:1 eicosenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:4 arachidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:0 behenic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:1 erucic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA 1
C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C24:0 lignoceric acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
Fatty acids 7.4 7.7 % 80 % fat
Vitamins and pigments
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Vitamin D 0 0 1000 IU/kg -
Ruminants
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
UFL INRA 2018 1.25 1.3 per kg -
UFV INRA 2018 1.26 1.3 per kg -
PDIA INRA 2018 64 66 g/kg -
PDI INRA 2018 117 120 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance INRA 2018 87 90 g/kg -
Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018 0.358 0.37 per kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 3330 3440 kcal/kg -
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 2210 2280 kcal/kg -
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 2210 2280 kcal/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 13.7 14.1 MJ/kg -
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 9 9.3 MJ/kg -
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 9 9.3 MJ/kg -
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 81.3 %
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 81.9 %
N degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 72 %
Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 66 %
DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 55 %
Lysine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.8 % PDI
Threonine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.9 % PDI
Methionine ruminants INRA 2018 - 2.1 % PDI
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.6 % PDI
Valine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.7 % PDI
Leucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 9.1 % PDI
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.8 % PDI
Histidine ruminants INRA 2018 - 2.7 % PDI
Arginine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.9 % PDI
UFL FL1 INRA 2018 1.28 1.32 per kg -
UFV FL1 INRA 2018 1.29 1.33 per kg -
PDIA FL1 INRA 2018 54 56 g/kg -
PDI FL1 INRA 2018 109 113 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018 95 98 g/kg -
UFL FL4 INRA 2018 1.2 1.24 per kg -
UFV FL4 INRA 2018 1.19 1.23 per kg -
PDIA FL4 INRA 2018 78 80 g/kg -
PDI FL4 INRA 2018 128 133 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018 74 77 g/kg -
UFL INRA 2007 1.2 1.24 per kg -
UFV INRA 2007 1.18 1.21 per kg -
PDIA INRA 2007 70 72 g/kg - 1
PDIN INRA 2007 171 177 g/kg - 1
PDIE INRA 2007 116 119 g/kg - 1
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal) 3240 3350 kcal/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ) 13.6 14 MJ/kg -
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 82.7 %
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 83.3 %
N digestibility ruminants - 75.7 %
N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants - 88 %
NDF digestibility ruminants - 79 %
N degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 72 % 1
Immediately degradable N (a) - 36 % 1
Potentially degradable N (b) - 59 % 1
Degradation rate of particles N (c) - 0.095 h-1 1
Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06) - 67 %
Immediately degradable starch (a) - 39 %
Potentially degradable starch (b) - 61 %
Degradation rate of particles starch (c) - 0.05 h-1
DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 52 % 1
Immediately degradable DM (a) - 6 % 1
Potentially degradable DM (b) - 83 % 1
Degradation rate of particles DM (c) - 0.075 h-1 1
Fatty acids digestibility ruminants - 76.5 %
Absorbable P ruminants 3.6 3.7 g/kg 68 % P
Absorbable Ca ruminants 0.2 0.2 g/kg 55 % Ca
Lysine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.9 % PDIE
Threonine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5 % PDIE
Methionine ruminants INRA 2007 - 1.9 % PDIE
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5 % PDIE
Valine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.9 % PDIE
Leucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 9 % PDIE
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007 - 4.7 % PDIE
Histidine ruminants INRA 2007 - 2.6 % PDIE
Arginine ruminants INRA 2007 - 4.8 % PDIE
VEM CVB 2018 1195 1235 per kg -
VEVI CVB 2018 1287 1330 per kg -
DVE CVB 1991 109 113 g/kg -
OEB CVB 1991 95 98 g/kg -
DVLYS CVB 1991 4.1 4.3 g/kg -
DVMET CVB 1991 1.6 1.6 g/kg -
TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001 80.4 83.1 % -
DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001 3.72 3.84 Mcal/kg -
NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.99 2.05 Mcal/kg -
NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001 1.88 1.94 Mcal/kg -
NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001 2.09 2.15 Mcal/kg -
NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.43 1.48 Mcal/kg -
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 25% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 26 %
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 50% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 31 %
EN Lactation ruminants GfE 8.5 8.7 MJ/kg -
nxP ruminants GfE 209 216 g/kg -
RNB ruminants GfE 7 8 g/kg -
Pigs
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE growing pig (kcal) 3450 3560 kcal/kg - 1 3450 -3680 2
ME growing pig (kcal) 3260 3370 kcal/kg -
NE growing pig (kcal) 2300 2380 kcal/kg -
DE adult pig (kcal) 3630 3750 kcal/kg - 1
ME adult pig (kcal) 3380 3500 kcal/kg -
NE adult pig (kcal) 2410 2490 kcal/kg -
DE growing pig (MJ) 14.4 14.9 MJ/kg - 1
ME growing pig (MJ) 13.6 14.1 MJ/kg -
NE growing pig (MJ) 9.6 10 MJ/kg -
DE adult pig (MJ) 15.2 15.7 MJ/kg - 1
ME adult pig (MJ) 14.2 14.6 MJ/kg -
NE adult pig (MJ) 10.1 10.4 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility growing pig - 71 % 69-73.5 2
Energy digestibility adult pig - 74.7 % 1
OM digestibility growing pig - 73.7 % 1
OM digestibility adult pig - 77.4 % 1
N digestibility growing pig - 72.8 % 1
N digestibility adult pig - 77 % 1
Crude fat digestibility pig - 65 %
Digestible P pig (no phytase) 1 1.1 g/kg 20 %
Digestible P pig (with phytase) 1.6 1.6 g/kg 30 %
Poultry
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
AMEn cockerel (kcal) 2420 2500 kcal/kg -
AMEn broiler (kcal) 2350 2430 kcal/kg -
AMEn cockerel (MJ) 10.1 10.5 MJ/kg -
AMEn broiler (MJ) 9.8 10.2 MJ/kg -
Available P cockerel 1.3 1.4 g/kg 25 % P
Available P broiler 1.3 1.4 g/kg 25 % P
Horses
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
OM digestibility horse - 72.4 %
Energy digestibility horse - 69.7 %
Horse Forage Unit 0.84 0.87 per kg -
Digestible crude protein horse 189 195 g/kg -
Rabbits
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE rabbit (kcal) 3550 3670 kcal/kg -
ME rabbit (kcal) 3330 3440 kcal/kg -
DE rabbit (MJ) 14.9 15.4 MJ/kg -
ME rabbit (MJ) 13.9 14.4 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility rabbit - 73.1 %
N digestibility rabbit - 71.2 %
Fish
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE salmonids (kcal) 3010 3110 kcal/kg -
DE salmonids (MJ) 12.6 13 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility, salmonids - 62 %
N digestibility salmonids - 85.6 %
Amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine 7.6 7.9 g/kg 3 g/16g N
Threonine 8.6 8.9 g/kg 3.4 g/16g N
Methionine 4.2 4.4 g/kg 1.7 g/16g N
Cystine 4.6 4.8 g/kg 1.8 g/16g N
Methionine + cystine 8.9 9.2 g/kg 3.5 g/16g N 9.1 -9.7 2 3.3-3.6 2
Tryptophan 1.9 1.9 g/kg 0.7 g/16g N 1 1 1
Isoleucine 7.9 8.2 g/kg 3.1 g/16g N
Valine 11.8 12.2 g/kg 4.6 g/16g N
Leucine 18.8 19.4 g/kg 7.3 g/16g N 18.9 -19.6 2 6.7-7.4 2
Phenylalanine 8.9 9.2 g/kg 3.5 g/16g N
Tyrosine 6.1 6.3 g/kg 2.4 g/16g N 1 1 1
Phenylalanine + tyrosine 15 15.5 g/kg 5.9 g/16g N 1 1 1
Histidine 7.2 7.4 g/kg 2.8 g/16g N 7.4 -9.3 2
Arginine 11.1 11.4 g/kg 4.3 g/16g N
Alanine 15.7 16.2 g/kg 6.1 g/16g N
Aspartic acid 14 14.5 g/kg 5.5 g/16g N
Glutamic acid 34.6 35.7 g/kg 13.5 g/16g N 11.7-13.7 2
Glycine 10.8 11.2 g/kg 4.2 g/16g N
Serine 10.2 10.5 g/kg 4 g/16g N
Proline 19.3 20 g/kg 7.6 g/16g N 1 1 1
Pigs, amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine, ileal standardised, pig 4.6 4.8 g/kg 61 % 1
Threonine, ileal standardised, pig 6.1 6.3 g/kg 71 % 1
Methionine, ileal standardised, pig 3.4 3.5 g/kg 80 % 1
Cystine, ileal standardised, pig 3.1 3.2 g/kg 66 % 1
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig 6.5 6.7 g/kg 73 % 1
Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig 1.3 1.4 g/kg 71 % 1
Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig 5.9 6.1 g/kg 74 % 1
Valine, ileal standardised, pig 8.5 8.8 g/kg 72 % 1
Leucine, ileal standardised, pig 14.3 14.8 g/kg 76 % 1
Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig 7.2 7.4 g/kg 81 % 1
Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 4.8 4.9 g/kg 78 % 1
Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 11.9 12.3 g/kg 80 % 1
Histidine, ileal standardised, pig 6 6.2 g/kg 84 % 1
Arginine, ileal standardised, pig 9.3 9.6 g/kg 84 % 1
Alanine, ileal standardised, pig 11.1 11.5 g/kg 71 % 1
Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig 8.4 8.6 g/kg 60 % 1
Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig 26 26.9 g/kg 75 % 1
Glycine, ileal standardised, pig 6.8 7 g/kg 62 % 1
Serine, ileal standardised, pig 7.7 7.9 g/kg 75 % 1
Proline, ileal standardised, pig 14 14.4 g/kg 72 %
Poultry, amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry 4.7 4.8 g/kg 61 %
Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry 5.1 5.2 g/kg 59 %
Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry 3 3.1 g/kg 71 %
Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.5 2.5 g/kg 53 %
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 5.5 5.6 g/kg 62 %
Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry 1.2 1.3 g/kg 66 %
Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry 5.2 5.3 g/kg 65 %
Valine, ileal standardized, poultry 7.5 7.7 g/kg 63 %
Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry 12.4 12.8 g/kg 66 %
Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry 6 6.2 g/kg 68 %
Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 4.1 4.2 g/kg 67 %
Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 10.1 10.5 g/kg 68 %
Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry 4.2 4.4 g/kg 59 %
Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry 7.2 7.4 g/kg 65 %
Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry 10 10.4 g/kg 64 %
Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 8.5 8.8 g/kg 61 %
Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 20.8 21.4 g/kg 60 %
Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry 6.6 6.8 g/kg 61 %
Serine, ileal standardized, poultry 6 6.2 g/kg 59 %
Proline, ileal standardized, poultry 12.2 12.6 g/kg 63 %
Origin France, ex factory
Environmental impact
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Cumulative energy demand (non-renewable: fossil+nuclear) 3.27 3.37 MJ/kg -
Phosphorus consumption 0.75 0.77 g P/kg -
Climate change (ILCD) 217 224 g CO2eq/kg -
Acidification (ILCD) 0.0038 0.004 mol H+eq/kg -
Eutrophication (CML baseline) 16.74 17.3 g PO4---eq/kg -
Land competition (CML non baseline) 0 0 m²yr/kg -
CSVXLSXXML