Oat hulls

Outer envelopes of the oat grain (Avena sativa L.) and byproduct of oat processing.

Values

Main constituents
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Dry matter 90.8 100 % - 1.2 86.6 -93.4 108 1.8
Crude protein 4.7 5.2 % - 1.4 2.8 -10.7 107 1.6 3 -11.5 106
Crude fibre 27.6 30.4 % - 2.9 16.1 -34.3 107 3.2 18.6 -38.5 106
Crude fat 2.3 2.6 % - 1.1 0.9 -5.4 79 1.2 0.5 -6 81
Ash 4.3 4.8 % - 1.3 2.5 -16.9 147 1.4 2.8 -18.4 167
Insoluble ash 2.6 2.9 % - 1.8 -3.2 3 2 -3.5 3
NDF 65.3 71.9 % - 9.1 44.5 -74.7 44 10 49.7 -90.3 67
ADF 33.4 36.8 % - 4 22.2 -42.3 48 4.4 24.7 -46.9 53
Lignin 6.4 7 % - 1.7 3.9 -10.3 49 1.9 2.2 -12.1 71
Water insoluble cell walls 63.4 69.8 % - 1 1
Starch 12.7 14 % - 7.9 1.2 -32.6 84 8.7 1.3 -37.1 83
Starch, enzymatic method 12.1 13.3 % - 1
Total sugars 1.6 1.8 % - 1.3 0.5 -5 16 1.4 0.5 -5.6 19
Gross energy (kcal) 4010 4420 kcal/kg - 1 4360 -4440 2
Gross energy (MJ) 16.8 18.5 MJ/kg - 1 18.3 -18.6 2
Mineral elements
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Calcium 2 2.2 g/kg - 1.4 0.9 -6.2 21 1.6 1 -7.1 20
Phosphorus 1.8 1.9 g/kg - 0.8 0.6 -3.7 22 0.9 0.6 -4.1 22
Phytate phosphorus 1.1 1.2 g/kg 60 % P 10 37-86 27
Magnesium 1.3 1.5 g/kg - 1 0.6 -2.3 2
Potassium 5.4 5.9 g/kg - 4.1 -5.5 3 4.6 -7 3
Sodium 0.16 0.18 g/kg - 0.1 0.1 -0.33 5 0.11 -0.36 4
Chlorine 1 1.1 g/kg - 0.6 -1.8 4 0.7 -1.9 3
Sulfur 0.7 0.8 g/kg -
Dietary cation-anion difference 71 79 mEq/kg -
Electrolyte balance 115 127 mEq/kg -
Manganese 60 66 mg/kg - 1 1
Zinc 22 24 mg/kg -
Copper 3 3 mg/kg -
Iron 133 146 mg/kg -
Fatty acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C12:0 lauric acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C14:0 myristic acid 0.07 0.08 g/kg 0.4 % FA 0.2-0.7 3
C16:0 palmitic acid 3.5 3.8 g/kg 16.5 % FA 1.3 14.9-18.9 8
C16:1 palmitoleic acid 0.04 0.05 g/kg 0.2 % FA 0.1-0.3 3
C18:0 stearic acid 0.3 0.3 g/kg 1.2 % FA 0.3 0.7-1.8 8
C18:1 oleic acid 8.1 8.9 g/kg 38.6 % FA 2.9 35-43.4 8
C18:2 linoleic acid 8.6 9.5 g/kg 40.9 % FA 4.2 36.2-47 8
C18:3 linolenic acid 0.3 0.4 g/kg 1.6 % FA 0.3 1-1.9 8
C18:4 stearidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:0 arachidic acid 0.02 0.02 g/kg 0.1 % FA 0.09-0.1 2
C20:1 eicosenoic acid 0.2 0.2 g/kg 0.8 % FA 0.8-0.8 2
C20:4 arachidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:0 behenic acid 0.01 0.01 g/kg 0.06 % FA 0.04-0.07 2
C22:1 erucic acid 0.01 0.02 g/kg 0.07 % FA 0.05-0.08 2
C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C24:0 lignoceric acid 0.05 0.05 g/kg 0.2 % FA 0.2-0.3 2
Fatty acids 2.1 2.3 % 90 % fat 0.05 4 86-95 5
Vitamins and pigments
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Vitamin D 0 0 1000 IU/kg -
Other parameters
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Viscosity, real applied - 2 mL/g
Ruminants
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
UFL INRA 2018 0.48 0.53 per kg -
UFV INRA 2018 0.38 0.42 per kg -
PDIA INRA 2018 10 10 g/kg -
PDI INRA 2018 49 54 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance INRA 2018 -42 -46 g/kg -
Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018 0.447 0.493 per kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 1460 1600 kcal/kg -
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 850 940 kcal/kg -
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 670 740 kcal/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 6.2 6.9 MJ/kg -
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 3.7 4.1 MJ/kg -
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 2.9 3.2 MJ/kg -
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 46.1 %
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 43.5 %
N degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 69 %
DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 39 %
Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 88 %
Lysine ruminants INRA 2018 - 7.4 % PDI
Threonine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.3 % PDI
Methionine ruminants INRA 2018 - 2.3 % PDI
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.2 % PDI
Valine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.8 % PDI
Leucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 8.3 % PDI
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.1 % PDI
Histidine ruminants INRA 2018 - 1.9 % PDI
Arginine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.8 % PDI
UFL FL1 INRA 2018 0.51 0.56 per kg -
UFV FL1 INRA 2018 0.41 0.45 per kg -
PDIA FL1 INRA 2018 9 10 g/kg -
PDI FL1 INRA 2018 49 54 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018 -43 -47 g/kg -
UFL FL4 INRA 2018 0.44 0.49 per kg -
UFV FL4 INRA 2018 0.34 0.37 per kg -
PDIA FL4 INRA 2018 10 11 g/kg -
PDI FL4 INRA 2018 49 54 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018 -42 -46 g/kg -
UFL INRA 2007 0.48 0.53 per kg -
UFV INRA 2007 0.38 0.42 per kg -
PDIA INRA 2007 9 10 g/kg -
PDIN INRA 2007 28 31 g/kg -
PDIE INRA 2007 44 48 g/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal) 1480 1630 kcal/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ) 6.2 6.8 MJ/kg -
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 47.5 %
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 44.9 %
N digestibility ruminants - 5.8 %
N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants - 65 %
NDF digestibility ruminants - 68 %
N degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 74 % 1
Immediately degradable N (a) - 66 % 1
Potentially degradable N (b) - 10 % 1
Degradation rate of particles N (c) - 0.299 h-1 1
Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06) - 93 % 1
DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 40 % 29-40 2
Immediately degradable DM (a) - 30 % 1
Potentially degradable DM (b) - 26 % 1
Degradation rate of particles DM (c) - 0.041 h-1 1
Fatty acids digestibility ruminants - 70.2 %
Absorbable P ruminants 1.1 1.3 g/kg 65 % P
Absorbable Ca ruminants 1.1 1.2 g/kg 55 % Ca
Lysine ruminants INRA 2007 - 7.3 % PDIE
Threonine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.2 % PDIE
Methionine ruminants INRA 2007 - 2.1 % PDIE
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.3 % PDIE
Valine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.9 % PDIE
Leucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 8.2 % PDIE
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5 % PDIE
Histidine ruminants INRA 2007 - 1.9 % PDIE
Arginine ruminants INRA 2007 - 4.7 % PDIE
VEM CVB 2018 483 532 per kg -
VEVI CVB 2018 418 460 per kg -
DVE CVB 1991 8 9 g/kg -
OEB CVB 1991 -21 -23 g/kg -
DVLYS CVB 1991 1.8 2 g/kg -
DVMET CVB 1991 0.9 1 g/kg -
TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001 51.8 57 % -
DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001 2.23 2.46 Mcal/kg -
NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001 0.99 1.1 Mcal/kg -
NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001 0.93 1.03 Mcal/kg -
NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.06 1.17 Mcal/kg -
NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001 0.55 0.6 Mcal/kg -
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 25% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 25 %
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 50% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 26 %
EN Lactation ruminants GfE 3.4 3.8 MJ/kg -
nxP ruminants GfE 75 83 g/kg -
RNB ruminants GfE -5 -5 g/kg -
Pigs
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE growing pig (kcal) 1510 1660 kcal/kg -
ME growing pig (kcal) 1420 1560 kcal/kg -
NE growing pig (kcal) 890 990 kcal/kg -
DE adult pig (kcal) 1800 1980 kcal/kg -
ME adult pig (kcal) 1650 1820 kcal/kg -
NE adult pig (kcal) 1040 1150 kcal/kg -
DE growing pig (MJ) 6.3 6.9 MJ/kg -
ME growing pig (MJ) 5.9 6.5 MJ/kg -
NE growing pig (MJ) 3.7 4.1 MJ/kg -
DE adult pig (MJ) 7.5 8.3 MJ/kg -
ME adult pig (MJ) 6.9 7.6 MJ/kg -
NE adult pig (MJ) 4.4 4.8 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility growing pig - 37.5 %
Energy digestibility adult pig - 44.9 %
OM digestibility growing pig - 42.8 %
OM digestibility adult pig - 49.6 %
N digestibility growing pig - 38.5 %
N digestibility adult pig - 76.2 %
Crude fat digestibility pig - 0 %
Digestible P pig (no phytase) 0.6 0.6 g/kg 32 %
Digestible P pig (with phytase) 0.8 0.9 g/kg 48 %
Poultry
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
AMEn cockerel (kcal) 930 1020 kcal/kg -
AMEn broiler (kcal) 850 940 kcal/kg -
AMEn cockerel (MJ) 3.9 4.3 MJ/kg -
AMEn broiler (MJ) 3.6 3.9 MJ/kg -
Available P cockerel 0.4 0.5 g/kg 24 % P
Available P broiler 0.4 0.5 g/kg 24 % P
Horses
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
OM digestibility horse - 58 %
Energy digestibility horse - 56.1 %
Horse Forage Unit 0.56 0.62 per kg -
Digestible crude protein horse 11 13 g/kg -
Rabbits
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE rabbit (kcal) 1830 2020 kcal/kg -
ME rabbit (kcal) 1800 1990 kcal/kg -
DE rabbit (MJ) 7.7 8.5 MJ/kg -
ME rabbit (MJ) 7.6 8.3 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility rabbit - 45.7 %
N digestibility rabbit - 36.7 %
Fish
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE salmonids (kcal) 1930 2130 kcal/kg -
DE salmonids (MJ) 8.1 8.9 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility, salmonids - 48.1 %
N digestibility salmonids - 70.1 %
Amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine 2.2 2.4 g/kg 4.6 g/16g N 1
Threonine 1.8 1.9 g/kg 3.8 g/16g N 1
Methionine 1.1 1.2 g/kg 2.2 g/16g N 1
Cystine 2.2 2.4 g/kg 4.7 g/16g N 1
Methionine + cystine 3.2 3.6 g/kg 6.9 g/16g N 1
Tryptophan 0.7 0.8 g/kg 1.5 g/16g N 1
Isoleucine 1.7 1.8 g/kg 3.5 g/16g N 1
Valine 2.6 2.8 g/kg 5.5 g/16g N 1
Leucine 3.4 3.8 g/kg 7.3 g/16g N 1
Phenylalanine 2 2.2 g/kg 4.2 g/16g N 1
Tyrosine 1.7 1.8 g/kg 3.5 g/16g N 1
Phenylalanine + tyrosine 3.7 4 g/kg 7.8 g/16g N 1
Histidine 0.8 0.9 g/kg 1.8 g/16g N 1
Arginine 2.6 2.9 g/kg 5.5 g/16g N 1
Alanine 2.5 2.7 g/kg 5.3 g/16g N
Aspartic acid 4 4.4 g/kg 8.5 g/16g N
Glutamic acid 6.1 6.7 g/kg 13 g/16g N
Glycine 2.7 3 g/kg 5.9 g/16g N 1
Serine 2.5 2.7 g/kg 5.2 g/16g N
Proline 2.8 3.1 g/kg 6.1 g/16g N
Pigs, amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine, ileal standardised, pig 1 1.1 g/kg 48 %
Threonine, ileal standardised, pig 0.9 1 g/kg 52 %
Methionine, ileal standardised, pig 0.7 0.8 g/kg 69 %
Cystine, ileal standardised, pig 1 1.1 g/kg 44 %
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig 1.7 1.9 g/kg 52 %
Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig 0.4 0.4 g/kg 53 %
Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig 1.1 1.2 g/kg 64 %
Valine, ileal standardised, pig 1.5 1.7 g/kg 59 %
Leucine, ileal standardised, pig 2.2 2.4 g/kg 65 %
Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig 1.4 1.5 g/kg 69 %
Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 1.1 1.2 g/kg 64 %
Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 2.4 2.7 g/kg 67 %
Histidine, ileal standardised, pig 0.5 0.6 g/kg 61 %
Arginine, ileal standardised, pig 2 2.2 g/kg 76 %
Alanine, ileal standardised, pig 1.4 1.5 g/kg 55 %
Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig 2.4 2.7 g/kg 61 %
Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig 4.4 4.8 g/kg 72 %
Glycine, ileal standardised, pig 1.1 1.2 g/kg 41 %
Serine, ileal standardised, pig 1.4 1.6 g/kg 57 %
Proline, ileal standardised, pig 1.7 1.8 g/kg 58 %
Poultry, amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.3 1.5 g/kg 61 %
Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry 1 1.1 g/kg 57 %
Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.7 0.8 g/kg 70 %
Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.3 1.4 g/kg 59 %
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 2 2.2 g/kg 63 %
Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry 0.4 0.5 g/kg 62 %
Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.1 1.2 g/kg 67 %
Valine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.6 1.8 g/kg 63 %
Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.2 2.4 g/kg 64 %
Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.3 1.5 g/kg 67 %
Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 1 1.1 g/kg 58 %
Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.3 2.5 g/kg 63 %
Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.5 0.6 g/kg 62 %
Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.7 1.9 g/kg 67 %
Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.6 1.7 g/kg 63 %
Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 2.4 2.7 g/kg 61 %
Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 4.1 4.5 g/kg 68 %
Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.6 1.7 g/kg 57 %
Serine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.5 1.7 g/kg 62 %
Proline, ileal standardized, poultry 1.8 2 g/kg 65 %
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