Byproduct of oil manufacture obtained by extraction of rapeseeds (Brassica napus L., Brassica rapa L. and Brassica juncea L., and their crosses) from varieties having a low content in erucic acid and glucosinolates ("00" in Europe, canola in North America). This product has a high content in residual oil and results from mechanical pressure only. Other names: rapeseed cake, "00" rapeseed meal, canola cake, canola meal (for North American rapeseed cultivars).
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dry matter | 92 | 100 | % | - | 2.4 | 84.6 -98.1 | 508 | 3.7 | ||||||
Crude protein | 31 | 33.7 | % | - | 2.4 | 20.2 -41 | 550 | 2.4 | 22.6 -44 | 510 | ||||
Crude fibre | 11.6 | 12.7 | % | - | 1.3 | 6.8 -16 | 469 | 1.4 | 8 -17.2 | 420 | ||||
Crude fat | 11.8 | 12.8 | % | - | 3.5 | 5 -20.5 | 421 | 3.8 | 5.6 -25.6 | 390 | ||||
Ash | 6.2 | 6.7 | % | - | 0.5 | 4.7 -10.1 | 189 | 0.6 | 5.2 -11.4 | 169 | ||||
Insoluble ash | 0.3 | 0.3 | % | - | ||||||||||
NDF | 26.9 | 29.3 | % | - | 4.3 | 18.6 -37.5 | 46 | 4.6 | 18.1 -40.4 | 48 | ||||
ADF | 18 | 19.5 | % | - | 1.8 | 12 -20.9 | 42 | 1.9 | 12.9 -22.4 | 45 | ||||
Lignin | 8.3 | 9 | % | - | 1.9 | 3.9 -10.5 | 34 | 2 | 4.3 -13.7 | 30 | ||||
Water insoluble cell walls | 31.4 | 34.1 | % | - | 27.3 -33.1 | 2 | ||||||||
Starch | 6 | 6.6 | % | - | 1.4 | 4.7 -7 | 15 | 1.5 | 1.7 -7.1 | 11 | ||||
Starch, enzymatic method | 1.4 | 1.6 | % | - | 1 | 1.5 -6.7 | 2 | |||||||
Total sugars | 9.2 | 10 | % | - | 1.2 | 7.6 -11.6 | 8 | 1.3 | 8.2 -12.2 | 9 | ||||
Gross energy (kcal) | 4710 | 5120 | kcal/kg | - | 310 | 3940 -5150 | 25 | 310 | 4420 -5800 | 32 | ||||
Gross energy (MJ) | 19.7 | 21.4 | MJ/kg | - | 1.3 | 16.5 -21.5 | 25 | 1.3 | 18.5 -24.3 | 32 |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Calcium | 7.5 | 8.2 | g/kg | - | 1.3 | 5.2 -10.4 | 52 | 1.4 | 5.7 -10.9 | 52 | ||||
Phosphorus | 10.9 | 11.9 | g/kg | - | 1 | 8.1 -12.6 | 57 | 1 | 8.8 -14 | 56 | ||||
Phytate phosphorus | 6.6 | 7.1 | g/kg | 60 | % P | 6.3 -9.1 | 3 | 6.8 -9.7 | 3 | 9 | 54-86 | 13 | ||
Magnesium | 4.8 | 5.3 | g/kg | - | 4.1 -5.4 | 3 | 4.5 -5.8 | 4 | ||||||
Potassium | 11.5 | 12.5 | g/kg | - | 1 | 10 -13.7 | 15 | 1.1 | 11.1 -13.6 | 5 | ||||
Sodium | 0.52 | 0.56 | g/kg | - | 0.04 | 0 -2.7 | 16 | |||||||
Chlorine | 0.7 | 0.8 | g/kg | - | 0.4 | 0.06 -2 | 12 | 0.07 -0.9 | 2 | |||||
Sulfur | 7.7 | 8.3 | g/kg | - | ||||||||||
Dietary cation-anion difference | -184 | -200 | mEq/kg | - | ||||||||||
Electrolyte balance | 296 | 321 | mEq/kg | - | ||||||||||
Manganese | 58 | 63 | mg/kg | - | 12 | 36 -72 | 5 | 13 | 40 -72 | 5 | ||||
Zinc | 59 | 64 | mg/kg | - | 9 | 51 -59 | 5 | 10 | 57 -80 | 5 | ||||
Copper | 5 | 5 | mg/kg | - | 0.7 | 4 -5 | 5 | 0.8 | 4 -6 | 5 | ||||
Iron | 172 | 187 | mg/kg | - | 97 -180 | 2 | 107 -258 | 3 | ||||||
Selenium | 0.2 | 0.2 | mg/kg | - | 0.03 -0.4 | 2 | 0.04 -0.4 | 2 | ||||||
Cobalt | 0.1 | 0.1 | mg/kg | - | ||||||||||
Molybdenum | 2 | 2 | mg/kg | - | ||||||||||
Iodine | 0.09 | 0.1 | mg/kg | - |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids | 0 | 0 | g/kg | 0 | % FA | |||||||||
C12:0 lauric acid | 0.01 | 0.02 | g/kg | 0.02 | % FA | 0.04 | 0-0.1 | 46 | ||||||
C14:0 myristic acid | 0.03 | 0.03 | g/kg | 0.03 | % FA | 0.05 | 0-0.2 | 61 | ||||||
C16:0 palmitic acid | 4.4 | 4.8 | g/kg | 4.7 | % FA | 0.9 | 3.9-11.5 | 78 | ||||||
C16:1 palmitoleic acid | 0.2 | 0.2 | g/kg | 0.2 | % FA | 0.09 | 0-0.4 | 63 | ||||||
C18:0 stearic acid | 1.5 | 1.7 | g/kg | 1.6 | % FA | 0.3 | 1.4-3.6 | 78 | ||||||
C18:1 oleic acid | 56.9 | 61.8 | g/kg | 60.4 | % FA | 2.7 | 43.6-64.2 | 78 | ||||||
C18:2 linoleic acid | 18.8 | 20.5 | g/kg | 20 | % FA | 1.4 | 17.3-24.9 | 81 | ||||||
C18:3 linolenic acid | 8.7 | 9.4 | g/kg | 9.2 | % FA | 1.9 | 1.2-12.5 | 77 | ||||||
C18:4 stearidonic acid | 0 | 0 | g/kg | 0 | % FA | |||||||||
C20:0 arachidic acid | 0.7 | 0.8 | g/kg | 0.8 | % FA | 0.9 | 0-4.6 | 70 | ||||||
C20:1 eicosenoic acid | 1.9 | 2.1 | g/kg | 2 | % FA | 1.9 | 0-9.1 | 63 | ||||||
C20:4 arachidonic acid | 0.1 | 0.1 | g/kg | 0.1 | % FA | 0.8 | 0-4.7 | 37 | ||||||
C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid | 0 | 0 | g/kg | 0 | % FA | 0.02 | 0-0.1 | 37 | ||||||
C22:0 behenic acid | 0.3 | 0.3 | g/kg | 0.3 | % FA | 0.09 | 0-0.5 | 55 | ||||||
C22:1 erucic acid | 0.3 | 0.4 | g/kg | 0.4 | % FA | 0.4 | 0-1.5 | 51 | ||||||
C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid | 0 | 0 | g/kg | 0 | % FA | 0 | 0-0 | 37 | ||||||
C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid | 0.1 | 0.1 | g/kg | 0.1 | % FA | 0.1 | 0-0.3 | 37 | ||||||
C24:0 lignoceric acid | 0.08 | 0.08 | g/kg | 0.08 | % FA | 0.05 | 0-0.2 | 39 | ||||||
Fatty acids | 9.4 | 10.2 | % | 80 | % fat |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Vitamin D | 0 | 0 | 1000 IU/kg | - |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Phytase activity | 10 | 10 | IU/kg | - | 0 -40 | 2 | 0 -40 | 2 |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DE growing pig (kcal) | 3340 | 3630 | kcal/kg | - | 490 | 2500 -4270 | 9 | 520 | 2740 -4540 | 10 | ||||
ME growing pig (kcal) | 3130 | 3400 | kcal/kg | - | ||||||||||
NE growing pig (kcal) | 2160 | 2350 | kcal/kg | - | ||||||||||
DE adult pig (kcal) | 3530 | 3840 | kcal/kg | - | ||||||||||
ME adult pig (kcal) | 3280 | 3560 | kcal/kg | - | ||||||||||
NE adult pig (kcal) | 2270 | 2460 | kcal/kg | - | ||||||||||
DE growing pig (MJ) | 14 | 15.2 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
ME growing pig (MJ) | 13.1 | 14.2 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
NE growing pig (MJ) | 9 | 9.8 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
DE adult pig (MJ) | 14.8 | 16.1 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
ME adult pig (MJ) | 13.7 | 14.9 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
NE adult pig (MJ) | 9.5 | 10.3 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
Energy digestibility growing pig | - | 70.8 | % | 10 | 55-90.8 | 10 | ||||||||
Energy digestibility adult pig | - | 74.9 | % | |||||||||||
OM digestibility growing pig | - | 73 | % | 59-79.6 | 4 | |||||||||
OM digestibility adult pig | - | 77.5 | % | |||||||||||
N digestibility growing pig | - | 79 | % | 6.6 | 65-87.6 | 10 | ||||||||
N digestibility adult pig | - | 82.8 | % | |||||||||||
N digestibility ileal standardised pig | - | 79 | % | 2.3 | 71.6-79.2 | 16 | ||||||||
Crude fat digestibility pig | - | 71.9 | % | 63-78.6 | 3 | |||||||||
Digestible P pig (no phytase) | 3.5 | 3.8 | g/kg | 32 | % | 1 | ||||||||
Digestible P pig (with phytase) | 5.3 | 5.7 | g/kg | 48 | % |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AMEn cockerel (kcal) | 2460 | 2680 | kcal/kg | - | 1 | 2120 -3430 | 4 | |||||||
AMEn broiler (kcal) | 2110 | 2290 | kcal/kg | - | 340 | 1930 -2680 | 12 | 370 | 1850 -3170 | 15 | ||||
AMEn cockerel (MJ) | 10.3 | 11.2 | MJ/kg | - | 1 | |||||||||
AMEn broiler (MJ) | 8.8 | 9.6 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
Available P cockerel | 2.7 | 3 | g/kg | 25 | % P | |||||||||
Available P broiler | 2.7 | 3 | g/kg | 25 | % P |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OM digestibility horse | - | 74.8 | % | |||||||||||
Energy digestibility horse | - | 72 | % | |||||||||||
Horse Forage Unit | 0.92 | 1 | per kg | - | ||||||||||
Digestible crude protein horse | 235 | 256 | g/kg | - |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DE rabbit (kcal) | 3120 | 3390 | kcal/kg | - | ||||||||||
ME rabbit (kcal) | 2850 | 3100 | kcal/kg | - | ||||||||||
DE rabbit (MJ) | 13.1 | 14.2 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
ME rabbit (MJ) | 11.9 | 13 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
Energy digestibility rabbit | - | 66.2 | % | |||||||||||
N digestibility rabbit | - | 71.8 | % |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DE salmonids (kcal) | 2900 | 3160 | kcal/kg | - | ||||||||||
DE salmonids (MJ) | 12.2 | 13.2 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
Energy digestibility, salmonids | - | 61.6 | % | |||||||||||
N digestibility salmonids | - | 86.5 | % |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lysine | 16.9 | 18.4 | g/kg | 5.5 | g/16g N | 1.7 | 15.3 -21.6 | 50 | 1.8 | 16.3 -24 | 52 | 0.4 | 4.4-6.4 | 54 |
Threonine | 13.5 | 14.7 | g/kg | 4.4 | g/16g N | 1.1 | 12.5 -16.4 | 29 | 1.1 | 12.8 -17.7 | 31 | 0.3 | 3.8-5 | 33 |
Methionine | 6.3 | 6.8 | g/kg | 2 | g/16g N | 0.7 | 5.2 -7.7 | 39 | 0.7 | 5.6 -8.6 | 40 | 0.2 | 1.6-2.4 | 42 |
Cystine | 7.4 | 8.1 | g/kg | 2.4 | g/16g N | 1.1 | 6.2 -10.8 | 34 | 1.2 | 6.7 -11 | 35 | 0.3 | 1.9-2.9 | 37 |
Methionine + cystine | 13.7 | 14.9 | g/kg | 4.4 | g/16g N | 1.4 | 13.3 -18.5 | 32 | 1.5 | 14.5 -19.1 | 32 | 0.4 | 3.7-5.2 | 34 |
Tryptophan | 3.8 | 4.2 | g/kg | 1.2 | g/16g N | 0.5 | 3.3 -4.7 | 16 | 0.6 | 3.6 -5.6 | 15 | 0.09 | 1.1-1.4 | 17 |
Isoleucine | 12.5 | 13.6 | g/kg | 4 | g/16g N | 1.5 | 9.1 -15.4 | 33 | 1.6 | 10 -17.3 | 34 | 0.3 | 3.1-4.6 | 36 |
Valine | 15.9 | 17.3 | g/kg | 5.1 | g/16g N | 1.8 | 12.3 -20.1 | 33 | 1.9 | 13.5 -22.3 | 35 | 0.4 | 4.2-5.9 | 37 |
Leucine | 21.1 | 23 | g/kg | 6.8 | g/16g N | 2.3 | 17.7 -26.7 | 33 | 2.4 | 19.5 -29.8 | 35 | 0.3 | 6.3-7.7 | 37 |
Phenylalanine | 12 | 13 | g/kg | 3.9 | g/16g N | 1.5 | 10.3 -15.5 | 33 | 1.6 | 11.1 -16.5 | 35 | 0.3 | 3.3-4.5 | 37 |
Tyrosine | 8.8 | 9.6 | g/kg | 2.8 | g/16g N | 0.6 | 2.3-5 | 18 | ||||||
Phenylalanine + tyrosine | 20.7 | 22.6 | g/kg | 6.7 | g/16g N | 0.7 | 6.2-8.9 | 15 | ||||||
Histidine | 8.4 | 9.1 | g/kg | 2.7 | g/16g N | 1.3 | 7.2 -11 | 29 | 1.4 | 8 -14.6 | 31 | 0.3 | 2.5-3.6 | 33 |
Arginine | 18 | 19.6 | g/kg | 5.8 | g/16g N | 2.1 | 16.1 -23.6 | 33 | 2.3 | 17.7 -26.8 | 35 | 0.4 | 5.6-6.9 | 37 |
Alanine | 13.5 | 14.7 | g/kg | 4.4 | g/16g N | 1.3 | 11.9 -17 | 28 | 1.4 | 13.1 -19.1 | 28 | 0.2 | 4.2-5 | 30 |
Aspartic acid | 22.1 | 24 | g/kg | 7.1 | g/16g N | 1.7 | 20.7 -28.1 | 28 | 1.8 | 22.7 -30.9 | 29 | 0.5 | 6.4-9.1 | 31 |
Glutamic acid | 52.4 | 57 | g/kg | 16.9 | g/16g N | 7.1 | 42.7 -71 | 28 | 7.6 | 47 -76.5 | 29 | 1 | 15.6-19.5 | 31 |
Glycine | 15.4 | 16.7 | g/kg | 5 | g/16g N | 1.5 | 14.3 -19.7 | 28 | 1.6 | 15.3 -21.4 | 29 | 0.2 | 4.8-5.6 | 31 |
Serine | 13.6 | 14.7 | g/kg | 4.4 | g/16g N | 1.2 | 12.1 -17 | 28 | 1.2 | 12.6 -18 | 28 | 0.3 | 3.4-5 | 30 |
Proline | 18.8 | 20.4 | g/kg | 6.1 | g/16g N | 2.5 | 15.6 -24.6 | 27 | 2.6 | 15.5 -26.6 | 28 | 0.3 | 5.5-6.7 | 30 |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lysine, ileal standardised, pig | 13 | 14.1 | g/kg | 77 | % | 1.3 | 11.8 -15.1 | 4 | 1.4 | 12.7 -16.3 | 5 | 6 | 70-87 | 6 |
Threonine, ileal standardised, pig | 10.2 | 11.1 | g/kg | 76 | % | 1.1 | 8.7 -11.4 | 4 | 1.2 | 9.6 -12.4 | 5 | 4 | 70-80 | 6 |
Methionine, ileal standardised, pig | 5.6 | 6.1 | g/kg | 89 | % | 0.8 | 5.5 -6.5 | 4 | 0.8 | 4.8 -7.1 | 5 | 3 | 87-93 | 6 |
Cystine, ileal standardised, pig | 6 | 6.5 | g/kg | 80 | % | 1.1 | 5.1 -8.2 | 5 | 3 | 76-84 | 6 | |||
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig | 11.6 | 12.6 | g/kg | 84 | % | 83-87 | 3 | |||||||
Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig | 2.6 | 2.8 | g/kg | 67 | % | 56-75 | 3 | |||||||
Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig | 9.8 | 10.6 | g/kg | 78 | % | 2.4 | 7.7 -13.2 | 4 | 2.6 | 8.4 -14.3 | 5 | 8 | 68-86 | 6 |
Valine, ileal standardised, pig | 12.3 | 13.4 | g/kg | 77 | % | 2.6 | 10.5 -16.9 | 4 | 2.8 | 11.6 -18.3 | 5 | 7 | 68-85 | 6 |
Leucine, ileal standardised, pig | 17.3 | 18.8 | g/kg | 82 | % | 3.7 | 13.4 -22.8 | 4 | 4 | 14.7 -24.7 | 5 | 6 | 73-88 | 6 |
Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig | 10.1 | 11 | g/kg | 84 | % | 2.4 | 8 -13.8 | 4 | 2.6 | 8.8 -15 | 5 | 7 | 75-94 | 6 |
Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig | 7.3 | 7.9 | g/kg | 83 | % | 2.2 | 7.8 -13.8 | 5 | 9 | 73-98 | 6 | |||
Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig | 17.4 | 18.9 | g/kg | 84 | % | 83-96 | 3 | |||||||
Histidine, ileal standardised, pig | 7.1 | 7.7 | g/kg | 85 | % | 1.2 | 6.1 -8.9 | 4 | 1.3 | 6.7 -9.7 | 5 | 2 | 82-88 | 6 |
Arginine, ileal standardised, pig | 15.8 | 17.2 | g/kg | 88 | % | 2.8 | 13.5 -20.6 | 4 | 3 | 14.8 -22.3 | 5 | 5 | 80-93 | 6 |
Alanine, ileal standardised, pig | 11.3 | 12.3 | g/kg | 84 | % | 80-87 | 3 | |||||||
Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig | 18 | 19.5 | g/kg | 81 | % | 19.5 -22.4 | 3 | 78-83 | 4 | |||||
Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig | 46.8 | 50.9 | g/kg | 89 | % | 42.6 -70.1 | 3 | 87-92 | 4 | |||||
Glycine, ileal standardised, pig | 12.4 | 13.5 | g/kg | 81 | % | 11.9 -17.4 | 3 | 78-86 | 4 | |||||
Serine, ileal standardised, pig | 11 | 12 | g/kg | 81 | % | 10.9 -11.8 | 2 | 10 -12.8 | 3 | 77-85 | 4 | |||
Proline, ileal standardised, pig | 16.1 | 17.5 | g/kg | 86 | % | 11.6 -29.1 | 3 | 75-100 | 3 |