Linseed meal, oil > 5%

Byproduct of oil manufacture obtained by extraction of linseeds (Linum usitatissimum L.). This product has a high content in residual oil and results from mechanical pressure only. Other names: linseed cake, linseed oil cake, linseed oilcake, flaxseed meal, flaxseed oil meal, flaxseed oilmeal.

Values

Main constituents
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Dry matter 91.2 100 % - 2.9 83.7 -95.4 403 2.6
Crude protein 32.2 35.3 % - 2.2 25.8 -39.1 492 2.3 27.5 -42.1 397
Crude fibre 8.7 9.6 % - 1.5 6 -15.7 407 1.6 6.9 -17.1 334
Crude fat 9.7 10.7 % - 1.9 5 -17.9 328 2.1 5.7 -19.7 312
Ash 5.7 6.2 % - 0.6 3.6 -8 384 0.7 4.2 -10.2 375
Insoluble ash 0.5 0.5 % - 0.6 0.08 -2 9 0.7 0.09 -2.2 9
NDF 21 23 % - 4 14.9 -29.9 36 4.3 16.9 -35.2 45
ADF 13.4 14.7 % - 1.4 8.7 -16.2 40 1.5 9.7 -18.3 44
Lignin 5.4 6 % - 0.8 2.8 -7.2 65 0.9 3.1 -8 67
Starch 6.6 7.3 % - 2.1 2.5 -11.2 63 2.3 2.7 -12.7 63
Total sugars 3.9 4.3 % - 0.5 2.7 -5.7 52 0.5 3.1 -6.6 53
Gross energy (kcal) 4540 4980 kcal/kg - 450 4180 -5160 9 480 4460 -5850 15
Gross energy (MJ) 19 20.9 MJ/kg - 1.9 17.5 -21.6 9 2 18.6 -24.5 15
Mineral elements
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Calcium 3.9 4.3 g/kg - 0.8 1.4 -6.6 149 0.9 1.5 -7.2 150
Phosphorus 8.2 9 g/kg - 0.8 5.6 -11 153 0.8 6 -11.7 155
Phytate phosphorus 5.3 5.8 g/kg 65 % P 1 1 1
Magnesium 4.8 5.2 g/kg - 0.6 3.7 -5.6 12 0.6 3.9 -6.4 13
Potassium 10.3 11.3 g/kg - 1.6 6.9 -13.2 12 1.7 7.4 -15 12
Sodium 0.63 0.69 g/kg - 0.12 0.47 -0.83 16 0.13 0.5 -0.91 16
Chlorine 0.3 0.4 g/kg - 0.2 0.2 -0.5 5 0.2 0.2 -0.6 5
Sulfur 3.7 4 g/kg - 0.5 2.6 -4 7 0.5 2.8 -4.5 7
Dietary cation-anion difference 53 58 mEq/kg -
Electrolyte balance 282 309 mEq/kg -
Manganese 35 39 mg/kg - 4 28 -35 10 5 31 -50 11
Zinc 60 66 mg/kg - 7 43 -71 10 8 46 -78 11
Copper 17 18 mg/kg - 2 12 -20 10 2 13 -22 10
Iron 149 164 mg/kg - 76 56 -167 9 83 60 -366 9
Selenium 0.5 0.6 mg/kg - 0.3 0 -0.7 7 0.3 0.1 -0.8 6
Cobalt 0.4 0.5 mg/kg - 0.1 0.2 -0.5 7 0.1 0.2 -0.6 7
Molybdenum 0.5 0.6 mg/kg -
Iodine 0.3 0.3 mg/kg - 0.2 0 -0.5 6 0.2 0.2 -0.6 5
Fatty acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
C14:0 myristic acid 0.09 0.1 g/kg 0.1 % FA
C16:0 palmitic acid 5.6 6.1 g/kg 6.4 % FA 1.3 6.2-9.4 6
C16:1 palmitoleic acid 0.09 0.1 g/kg 0.1 % FA
C18:0 stearic acid 3 3.2 g/kg 3.4 % FA 1.4 2.5 -6.1 6 0.6 3.3-4.8 6
C18:1 oleic acid 16.3 17.9 g/kg 18.7 % FA 4.3 15.2 -26.3 6
C18:2 linoleic acid 12.8 14 g/kg 14.7 % FA 4.7 12.6 -23.4 5
C18:3 linolenic acid 47.2 51.8 g/kg 54.2 % FA 7.8 37.9 -59.3 6 5.3 46.7-63 6
Fatty acids 8.7 9.5 g/kg 90 % fat 2 87-91 5
Vitamins and pigments
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Vitamin E 8 9 mg/kg -
Ruminants
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
UFL Systali 1.06 1.16 per kg -
UFV Systali 1.04 1.14 per kg -
PDIA Systali 118 130 g/kg -
PDI Systali 164 180 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance Systali 98 108 g/kg -
Fill Unit ruminants Systali 0.336 0.368 per kg -
ME ruminants Systali (kcal) 2870 3150 kcal/kg -
NE lactation ruminants Systali (kcal) 1870 2050 kcal/kg -
NE meat production ruminants Systali (kcal) 1820 2000 kcal/kg -
ME ruminants Systali (MJ) 12 13.2 MJ/kg -
NE lactation ruminants Systali (MJ) 7.8 8.6 MJ/kg -
NE meat production ruminants Systali (MJ) 7.6 8.4 MJ/kg -
OM digestibility ruminants Systali - 77.2 %
Energy digestibility ruminants Systali - 77.5 %
N degradability ruminants Systali - 57 %
DM degradability ruminants Systali - 54 %
Starch degradability ruminants Systali - 82 %
Lysine ruminants Systali - 5.4 % PDI
Threonine ruminants Systali - 4.6 % PDI
Methionine ruminants Systali - 1.9 % PDI
Isoleucine ruminants Systali - 4.7 % PDI
Valine ruminants Systali - 5.4 % PDI
Leucine ruminants Systali - 7.4 % PDI
Phenylalanine ruminants Systali - 5.1 % PDI
Histidine ruminants Systali - 2.5 % PDI
Arginine ruminants Systali - 6.5 % PDI
UFL FL1 Systali 1.09 1.19 per kg -
UFV FL1 Systali 1.07 1.17 per kg -
PDIA FL1 Systali 103 113 g/kg -
PDI FL1 Systali 151 165 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance FL1 Systali 113 124 g/kg -
UFL FL4 Systali 1.01 1.11 per kg -
UFV FL4 Systali 0.98 1.07 per kg -
PDIA FL4 Systali 138 151 g/kg -
PDI FL4 Systali 182 200 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance FL4 Systali 78 85 g/kg -
UFL INRA 2007 1.01 1.11 per kg -
UFV INRA 2007 0.97 1.06 per kg -
PDIA INRA 2007 138 152 g/kg -
PDIN INRA 2007 230 252 g/kg -
PDIE INRA 2007 178 195 g/kg - 25 162 -193 4 27 131 -203 8
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal) 2790 3060 kcal/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ) 11.7 12.8 MJ/kg -
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 78.6 % 1
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 78.9 %
N digestibility ruminants - 76.8 % 1
N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants - 85 %
NDF digestibility ruminants - 61 %
N degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 55 % 9 50-74 8
Immediately degradable N (a) - 16 %
Potentially degradable N (b) - 77 %
Degradation rate of particles N (c) - 0.06 h-1
Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06) - 80 %
DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 53 %
Immediately degradable DM (a) - 21 %
Potentially degradable DM (b) - 60 %
Degradation rate of particles DM (c) - 0.07 h-1
Fatty acids digestibility ruminants - 77.1 %
Absorbable P ruminants 5.5 6 g/kg 67 % P
Absorbable Ca ruminants 2.1 2.3 g/kg 55 % Ca
Lysine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.6 % PDIE
Threonine ruminants INRA 2007 - 4.7 % PDIE
Methionine ruminants INRA 2007 - 1.8 % PDIE
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5 % PDIE
Valine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.6 % PDIE
Leucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 7.5 % PDIE
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.1 % PDIE
Histidine ruminants INRA 2007 - 2.4 % PDIE
Arginine ruminants INRA 2007 - 6.3 % PDIE
Pigs
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE growing pig (kcal) 3520 3860 kcal/kg -
ME growing pig (kcal) 3280 3590 kcal/kg -
NE growing pig (kcal) 2220 2440 kcal/kg -
DE adult pig (kcal) 3650 4000 kcal/kg -
ME adult pig (kcal) 3360 3680 kcal/kg -
NE adult pig (kcal) 2300 2530 kcal/kg -
DE growing pig (MJ) 14.7 16.2 MJ/kg -
ME growing pig (MJ) 13.7 15 MJ/kg -
NE growing pig (MJ) 9.3 10.2 MJ/kg -
DE adult pig (MJ) 15.3 16.8 MJ/kg -
ME adult pig (MJ) 14 15.4 MJ/kg -
NE adult pig (MJ) 9.6 10.6 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility growing pig - 77.5 %
Energy digestibility adult pig - 80.3 %
OM digestibility growing pig - 79.2 %
OM digestibility adult pig - 82 %
N digestibility growing pig - 90 %
N digestibility adult pig - 92.4 %
Crude fat digestibility pig - 71.1 %
Digestible P pig (no phytase) 1 1.1 g/kg 12 %
Poultry
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
AMEn cockerel (kcal) 1480 1620 kcal/kg -
AMEn cockerel (MJ) 6.2 6.8 MJ/kg -
Horses
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
OM digestibility horse - 76 % 1
Energy digestibility horse - 73.4 %
Horse Forage Unit 0.87 0.96 per kg -
Digestible crude protein horse 250 274 g/kg -
Rabbits
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE rabbit (kcal) 3250 3560 kcal/kg - 1 1
ME rabbit (kcal) 2950 3230 kcal/kg -
DE rabbit (MJ) 13.6 14.9 MJ/kg - 1 1
ME rabbit (MJ) 12.3 13.5 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility rabbit - 71.5 % 1
N digestibility rabbit - 77.1 % 1
Fish
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE salmonids (kcal) 1380 1510 kcal/kg - 1 1
DE salmonids (MJ) 5.8 6.3 MJ/kg - 1 1
Energy digestibility, salmonids - 34 % 1
N digestibility salmonids - 70 % 1
Amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine 12.6 13.8 g/kg 3.9 g/16g N 1.9 8.6 -15.5 16 2.1 9.1 -17 18 0.3 3.3-4.4 19
Threonine 12.4 13.6 g/kg 3.9 g/16g N 1.6 9.4 -15.5 14 1.7 10 -17 16 0.2 3.4-4.4 17
Methionine 6 6.6 g/kg 1.9 g/16g N 0.8 3.7 -6.9 13 0.9 3.9 -7.5 15 0.2 1.4-2.4 16
Cystine 6 6.5 g/kg 1.9 g/16g N 0.9 4.6 -6.7 12 1 5 -8.9 14 0.3 1.3-2.3 15
Methionine + cystine 12 13.2 g/kg 3.7 g/16g N 1.1 11.2 -13.2 9 1.2 12 -16 11 0.4 3.4-4.7 12
Tryptophan 4.9 5.4 g/kg 1.5 g/16g N 5.3 -6.5 4 0.1 1.4-1.8 5
Isoleucine 13.8 15.2 g/kg 4.3 g/16g N 1.9 10.9 -16.9 13 2 11.6 -18.2 15 0.2 4-4.7 16
Valine 16.4 18 g/kg 5.1 g/16g N 2.4 12.5 -20 13 2.6 13.4 -22 14 0.3 4.7-5.7 15
Leucine 19.3 21.1 g/kg 6 g/16g N 2.7 14.5 -24.6 14 3 15.5 -27 16 0.4 5.1-6.9 17
Phenylalanine 15.7 17.2 g/kg 4.9 g/16g N 2.2 11.8 -19.1 14 2.4 12.6 -21 16 0.3 4.3-5.4 17
Tyrosine 7.8 8.6 g/kg 2.4 g/16g N 1.4 5.8 -9.8 12 1.5 6.3 -10.6 14 0.3 1.8-3 15
Phenylalanine + tyrosine 23.5 25.8 g/kg 7.3 g/16g N 3.1 18.7 -26.6 9 3.4 20 -30.1 11 0.6 6.2-8.1 12
Histidine 8.6 9.4 g/kg 2.7 g/16g N 1.8 5 -10.8 14 2 5.3 -12 16 0.4 1.9-3.5 17
Arginine 30.2 33.1 g/kg 9.4 g/16g N 4.3 24.9 -38.2 14 4.7 27.3 -42 16 1.1 7.8-11.6 17
Alanine 15.1 16.5 g/kg 4.7 g/16g N 2.2 9.9 -18.1 13 2.4 10.5 -19.5 14 0.3 3.8-4.9 14
Aspartic acid 31.1 34.1 g/kg 9.7 g/16g N 4.5 20.7 -38.2 13 4.9 22 -42 14 0.7 8-10.8 14
Glutamic acid 64.7 71 g/kg 20.1 g/16g N 10.1 36.6 -76 13 11 39 -81.8 14 1.7 14.2-21.1 14
Glycine 19.1 20.9 g/kg 5.9 g/16g N 2.5 13.1 -22.4 13 2.8 14 -24.1 14 0.3 5.1-6.4 15
Serine 15.2 16.7 g/kg 4.7 g/16g N 1.8 10.7 -17.3 14 2 11.4 -19 14 0.3 3.9-5 14
Proline 11.9 13.1 g/kg 3.7 g/16g N 2.4 8.3 -14.1 5 2.6 8.8 -15.9 6 0.4 3.2-4.4 6
Pigs, amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine, ileal standardised, pig 8.7 9.5 g/kg 69 % 1 1 1
Threonine, ileal standardised, pig 9 9.9 g/kg 73 % 1 1 1
Methionine, ileal standardised, pig 5 5.5 g/kg 83 % 1 1 1
Cystine, ileal standardised, pig 3.9 4.3 g/kg 66 % 1 1 1
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig 8.9 9.8 g/kg 75 %
Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig 4.2 4.6 g/kg 86 % 1 1 1
Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig 10.9 11.9 g/kg 79 % 1 1 1
Valine, ileal standardised, pig 12.8 14.1 g/kg 78 % 1
Leucine, ileal standardised, pig 15.1 16.6 g/kg 79 % 1 1 1
Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig 12.6 13.8 g/kg 80 % 1 1 1
Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 6 6.6 g/kg 77 % 1 1 1
Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 18.6 20.4 g/kg 79 %
Histidine, ileal standardised, pig 6.4 7.1 g/kg 75 % 1 1 1
Arginine, ileal standardised, pig 25.3 27.7 g/kg 84 % 1 1 1
Alanine, ileal standardised, pig 11.8 12.9 g/kg 78 % 1 1 1
Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig 23.7 26 g/kg 76 % 1 1 1
Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig 52.7 57.8 g/kg 81 % 1 1 1
Glycine, ileal standardised, pig 15 16.5 g/kg 79 % 1 1 1
Serine, ileal standardised, pig 11.5 12.6 g/kg 76 % 1 1 1
Poultry, amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry 10.5 11.5 g/kg 83 %
Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry 9.8 10.7 g/kg 79 %
Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry 5.3 5.8 g/kg 88 %
Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 4 4.4 g/kg 67 %
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 9.3 10.2 g/kg 78 %
Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry 3.9 4.3 g/kg 80 %
Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry 10.6 11.7 g/kg 77 %
Valine, ileal standardized, poultry 12.8 14 g/kg 78 %
Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry 14.8 16.3 g/kg 77 %
Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry 12.2 13.4 g/kg 78 %
Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 6 6.6 g/kg 77 %
Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 18.3 20 g/kg 78 %
Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry 6.3 7 g/kg 74 %
Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry 22.4 24.5 g/kg 74 %
Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry 11.6 12.7 g/kg 77 %
Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 23 25.2 g/kg 74 %
Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 47.9 52.5 g/kg 74 %
Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry 14.5 15.9 g/kg 76 %
Serine, ileal standardized, poultry 11.3 12.4 g/kg 74 %
Proline, ileal standardized, poultry 9.2 10.1 g/kg 77 %
Origin France, ex factory
Environmental impact
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Cumulative energy demand (non-renewable: fossil+nuclear) 4.65 5.1 MJ/kg -
Phosphorus consumption 4.85 5.32 g P/kg -
Climate change (ILCD) 575 630 g CO2eq/kg -
Acidification (ILCD) 0.0115 0.0126 mol H+eq/kg -
Eutrophication (CML baseline) 6.69 7.33 g PO4---eq/kg -
Land competition (CML non baseline) 3.38 3.7 m²yr/kg -
CSVXLSXXML