Feed profile

Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Dry matter 91.3 100 % - 1.4 86 -95.8 287 2.2
Crude protein 14.1 15.4 % - 0.6 11.8 -15 412 0.7 13.3 -16 273
Crude fibre 28 30.6 % - 2.9 17.7 -37.1 439 3.2 18.9 -40 271
Crude fat 2.1 2.3 % - 0.5 1 -3.5 107 0.6 1.1 -3.8 117
Ash 10.6 11.6 % - 1.4 7.3 -16.8 235 1.5 7.9 -18 147
Insoluble ash 0.7 0.8 % - 0.6 0.1 -2.2 14 0.7 0.1 -2.5 10
NDF 42.7 46.7 % - 4.2 29.3 -55.9 177 4.6 31.7 -61.2 163
ADF 31.5 34.5 % - 3.4 8.6 -41.2 179 3.7 20.4 -42.2 165
Lignin 8 8.8 % - 1.4 3.3 -11.7 128 1.5 4.7 -13 118
Water insoluble cell walls 43.6 47.7 % - 1
Starch 2.5 2.7 % - 0.8 1.6 -3.7 6 0.9 1.7 -4.1 7
Starch, enzymatic method 0.09 0.1 % -
Total sugars 3.6 3.9 % - 1.4 -4.1 3 1.5 -7.3 4
Gross energy (kcal) 4020 4400 kcal/kg - 1 80 4290 -4490 5
Gross energy (MJ) 16.8 18.4 MJ/kg - 1 0.3 18 -18.8 5
Calcium 20.1 22 g/kg - 3.8 9.2 -31 335 4.1 7.5 -33.8 327
Phosphorus 2.4 2.6 g/kg - 0.3 1.5 -3.7 290 0.4 1.7 -4 286
Phytate phosphorus 0.1 0.1 g/kg 5 % P
Magnesium 1.9 2 g/kg - 0.5 1.2 -3.3 41 0.6 1.3 -3.5 42
Potassium 22.7 24.9 g/kg - 4.2 13 -35 43 4.6 17 -38.2 36
Sodium 0.55 0.61 g/kg - 0.48 0.19 -1.79 18 0.52 0.1 -1.4 10
Chlorine 5.3 5.8 g/kg - 1.4 3 -8.7 24 1.5 4.2 -9.4 9
Sulfur 4.2 4.6 g/kg - 2.4 0.2 -7.9 12 2.6 0.2 -8.6 14
Dietary cation-anion difference 195 214 mEq/kg -
Electrolyte balance 457 500 mEq/kg -
Manganese 46 51 mg/kg - 41 -60 2
Zinc 24 26 mg/kg - 11 17 -71 29 12 18 -78 27
Copper 7 7 mg/kg - 2 3 -12 26 2 4 -13 26
Iron 415 454 mg/kg - 202 105 -749 16 221 119 -830 17
Selenium 0.1 0.1 mg/kg - 0.07 0 -0.2 13 0.08 0 -0.3 14
Cobalt 0.4 0.5 mg/kg - 1
Molybdenum 0.3 0.3 mg/kg - 1
Iodine 0.4 0.4 mg/kg - 0.2 0 -0.9 13 0.2 0 -0.9 13
C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C12:0 lauric acid 0.08 0.09 g/kg 0.7 % FA 0.7 0.1-1.9 7
C14:0 myristic acid 0.2 0.2 g/kg 1.5 % FA 1.1 0.4-3.1 8
C16:0 palmitic acid 1.8 1.9 g/kg 16.6 % FA 3 13.3-21.3 8
C16:1 palmitoleic acid 0.1 0.1 g/kg 1.3 % FA 1.2 0.2-3.8 8
C18:0 stearic acid 0.3 0.3 g/kg 2.8 % FA 1.1 1.3-4.8 8
C18:1 oleic acid 0.8 0.9 g/kg 7.6 % FA 2.8 3.4-11.7 8
C18:2 linoleic acid 3.1 3.4 g/kg 29.3 % FA 7.4 17.6-40 8
C18:3 linolenic acid 3.8 4.2 g/kg 35.8 % FA 8.3 25.7-51.4 8
C18:4 stearidonic acid 0 0.01 g/kg 0.04 % FA 1
C20:0 arachidic acid 0.08 0.09 g/kg 0.8 % FA 0.3 0.4-1.1 8
C20:1 eicosenoic acid 0.01 0.01 g/kg 0.1 % FA 0.1 0-0.4 8
C20:4 arachidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0.04 % FA 0.07 0-0.2 8
C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid 0.01 0.01 g/kg 0.07 % FA 0-0.2 3
C22:0 behenic acid 0.09 0.1 g/kg 0.9 % FA 0.7 0.3-2.3 8
C22:1 erucic acid 0.01 0.01 g/kg 0.09 % FA 0.1 0-0.4 8
C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid 0.01 0.01 g/kg 0.07 % FA 0.2 0-0.5 8
C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0.01 % FA 0.03 0-0.09 8
C24:0 lignoceric acid 0.1 0.1 g/kg 1 % FA 0.9 0-2.8 8
Fatty acids 1.1 1.2 % 50 % fat
Vitamin D 0 0 1000 IU/kg -
Xanthophylls 142 155 mg/kg - 45 30 -269 106 49 92 -297 20
UFL INRA 2018 0.66 0.73 per kg -
UFV INRA 2018 0.59 0.64 per kg -
PDIA INRA 2018 42 46 g/kg -
PDI INRA 2018 85 93 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance INRA 2018 6 6 g/kg -
Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018 0.35 0.383 per kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 1910 2090 kcal/kg -
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 1170 1280 kcal/kg -
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 1030 1130 kcal/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 8 8.7 MJ/kg -
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 4.9 5.4 MJ/kg -
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 4.3 4.7 MJ/kg -
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 60.2 %
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 57.4 %
N degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 60 %
Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 82 %
DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 52 %
Lysine ruminants INRA 2018 - 6.7 % PDI
Threonine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.1 % PDI
Methionine ruminants INRA 2018 - 1.7 % PDI
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.2 % PDI
Valine ruminants INRA 2018 - 6.6 % PDI
Leucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 8.7 % PDI
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.3 % PDI
Histidine ruminants INRA 2018 - 1.8 % PDI
Arginine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.7 % PDI
UFL FL1 INRA 2018 0.69 0.75 per kg -
UFV FL1 INRA 2018 0.61 0.67 per kg -
PDIA FL1 INRA 2018 38 41 g/kg -
PDI FL1 INRA 2018 82 89 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018 9 10 g/kg -
UFL FL4 INRA 2018 0.62 0.68 per kg -
UFV FL4 INRA 2018 0.54 0.59 per kg -
PDIA FL4 INRA 2018 48 52 g/kg -
PDI FL4 INRA 2018 90 98 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018 -1 -2 g/kg -
UFL INRA 2007 0.64 0.7 per kg -
UFV INRA 2007 0.56 0.61 per kg -
PDIA INRA 2007 47 51 g/kg - 46 -57 4
PDIN INRA 2007 92 101 g/kg - 93 -106 4
PDIE INRA 2007 86 94 g/kg - 84 -97 4
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal) 1880 2060 kcal/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ) 7.9 8.6 MJ/kg -
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 61.6 %
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 58.8 %
N digestibility ruminants - 66 %
N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants - 75 %
NDF digestibility ruminants - 63.7 %
N degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 60 % 58-64 4
Immediately degradable N (a) - 26 %
Potentially degradable N (b) - 57 %
Degradation rate of particles N (c) - 0.09 h-1
Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06) - 80 %
DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 52 % 50-71 3
Immediately degradable DM (a) - 26 % 25-39 2
Potentially degradable DM (b) - 47 % 37-57 3
Degradation rate of particles DM (c) - 0.075 h-1 0.035-0.119 3
Fatty acids digestibility ruminants - 61.3 %
Absorbable P ruminants 1.8 2 g/kg 74 % P
Absorbable Ca ruminants 6 6.6 g/kg 30 % Ca
Lysine ruminants INRA 2007 - 6.7 % PDIE
Threonine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.1 % PDIE
Methionine ruminants INRA 2007 - 1.6 % PDIE
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.3 % PDIE
Valine ruminants INRA 2007 - 6.7 % PDIE
Leucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 8.6 % PDIE
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.3 % PDIE
Histidine ruminants INRA 2007 - 1.8 % PDIE
Arginine ruminants INRA 2007 - 4.6 % PDIE
VEM CVB 2018 639 700 per kg -
VEVI CVB 2018 610 668 per kg -
DVE CVB 1991 58 64 g/kg -
OEB CVB 1991 16 18 g/kg -
DVLYS CVB 1991 3 3.3 g/kg -
DVMET CVB 1991 0.9 1 g/kg -
TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001 47.8 52.4 % -
DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001 2.17 2.38 Mcal/kg -
NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001 0.95 1.04 Mcal/kg -
NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001 0.89 0.98 Mcal/kg -
NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.01 1.11 Mcal/kg -
NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001 0.5 0.55 Mcal/kg -
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 25% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 38 %
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 50% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 43 %
EN Lactation ruminants GfE 4.5 5 MJ/kg -
nxP ruminants GfE 130 143 g/kg -
RNB ruminants GfE 2 2 g/kg -
DE growing pig (kcal) 1700 1860 kcal/kg -
ME growing pig (kcal) 1590 1740 kcal/kg -
NE growing pig (kcal) 870 950 kcal/kg -
DE adult pig (kcal) 1850 2030 kcal/kg -
ME adult pig (kcal) 1680 1840 kcal/kg -
NE adult pig (kcal) 940 1030 kcal/kg -
DE growing pig (MJ) 7.1 7.8 MJ/kg -
ME growing pig (MJ) 6.6 7.3 MJ/kg -
NE growing pig (MJ) 3.6 4 MJ/kg -
DE adult pig (MJ) 7.7 8.5 MJ/kg -
ME adult pig (MJ) 7 7.7 MJ/kg -
NE adult pig (MJ) 3.9 4.3 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility growing pig - 42.3 %
Energy digestibility adult pig - 46.1 %
OM digestibility growing pig - 47.8 %
OM digestibility adult pig - 51.6 %
N digestibility growing pig - 31.6 %
N digestibility adult pig - 38 %
N digestibility ileal standardised pig - 57 % 1
Crude fat digestibility pig - 12.2 %
Digestible P pig (no phytase) 0.7 0.8 g/kg 30 %
Digestible P pig (with phytase) 1.1 1.2 g/kg 45 %
AMEn cockerel (kcal) 1090 1200 kcal/kg - 1
AMEn broiler (kcal) 1070 1170 kcal/kg -
AMEn cockerel (MJ) 4.6 5 MJ/kg - 1
AMEn broiler (MJ) 4.5 4.9 MJ/kg -
Available P cockerel 2.1 2.3 g/kg 85 % P
Available P broiler 2.1 2.3 g/kg 85 % P
OM digestibility horse - 60.1 %
Energy digestibility horse - 55.9 %
Horse Forage Unit 0.55 0.6 per kg -
Digestible crude protein horse 81 89 g/kg -
DE rabbit (kcal) 1730 1900 kcal/kg -
ME rabbit (kcal) 1630 1790 kcal/kg -
DE rabbit (MJ) 7.3 7.9 MJ/kg -
ME rabbit (MJ) 6.8 7.5 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility rabbit - 43.2 %
N digestibility rabbit - 57.6 %
DE salmonids (kcal) 2160 2360 kcal/kg -
DE salmonids (MJ) 9 9.9 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility, salmonids - 53.7 %
N digestibility salmonids - 82.9 %
Lysine 5.6 6.2 g/kg 4 g/16g N
Threonine 4.9 5.3 g/kg 3.5 g/16g N 4.8 -5.2 2 5.2 -5.6 2 3.4-3.7 2
Methionine 1.2 1.4 g/kg 0.9 g/16g N
Cystine 1.9 2.1 g/kg 1.3 g/16g N
Methionine + cystine 3.1 3.4 g/kg 2.2 g/16g N 2-2.3 2
Tryptophan 1.9 2.1 g/kg 1.4 g/16g N
Isoleucine 5.1 5.6 g/kg 3.6 g/16g N
Valine 8.6 9.4 g/kg 6.1 g/16g N
Leucine 9.2 10 g/kg 6.5 g/16g N 8.8 -9.3 2 9.6 -10.2 2 6.2-6.7 2
Phenylalanine 5.7 6.3 g/kg 4.1 g/16g N 5.4 -5.9 2 5.9 -6.5 2 3.8-4.2 2
Tyrosine 3.7 4.1 g/kg 2.6 g/16g N
Phenylalanine + tyrosine 9.5 10.3 g/kg 6.7 g/16g N 9.3 -9.7 2 10.2 -10.6 2 6.5-7 2
Histidine 1.6 1.8 g/kg 1.2 g/16g N
Arginine 4.8 5.3 g/kg 3.4 g/16g N 1 1 1
Alanine 6.6 7.2 g/kg 4.7 g/16g N
Aspartic acid 14.6 16 g/kg 10.4 g/16g N 7.8-10.4 2
Glutamic acid 12.4 13.6 g/kg 8.8 g/16g N 1 1 1
Glycine 5.8 6.3 g/kg 4.1 g/16g N
Serine 5.8 6.3 g/kg 4.1 g/16g N 5.5 -5.8 2 6 -6.3 2 3.8-4.2 2
Proline 5.6 6.2 g/kg 4 g/16g N 5.6 -6.1 2 6.1 -6.7 2 3.9-4.4 2
Lysine, ileal standardised, pig 2.9 3.2 g/kg 52 % 1 1 1
Threonine, ileal standardised, pig 3 3.3 g/kg 61 % 1 1 1
Methionine, ileal standardised, pig 0.9 1 g/kg 74 % 1 1 1
Cystine, ileal standardised, pig 0.7 0.7 g/kg 35 % 1 1 1
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig 1.6 1.7 g/kg 50 % 1 1 1
Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig 0.9 1 g/kg 46 % 1
Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig 3.4 3.8 g/kg 67 % 1 1 1
Valine, ileal standardised, pig 5.7 6.2 g/kg 66 % 1 1 1
Leucine, ileal standardised, pig 6.5 7.1 g/kg 71 % 1 1 1
Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig 4.1 4.5 g/kg 71 % 1 1 1
Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 2.4 2.6 g/kg 64 % 1 1 1
Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 6.5 7.1 g/kg 68 % 1 1 1
Histidine, ileal standardised, pig 0.9 1 g/kg 55 % 1 1 1
Arginine, ileal standardised, pig 3.4 3.8 g/kg 71 % 1 1 1
Alanine, ileal standardised, pig 4.4 4.9 g/kg 67 % 1 1 1
Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig 10.6 11.6 g/kg 72 % 1 1 1
Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig 8.5 9.3 g/kg 68 % 1 1 1
Glycine, ileal standardised, pig 2.9 3.1 g/kg 49 % 1 1 1
Serine, ileal standardised, pig 3.5 3.9 g/kg 61 % 1 1 1
Proline, ileal standardised, pig 3.6 3.9 g/kg 64 % 1 1 1
Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.8 3 g/kg 49 %
Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.4 2.6 g/kg 49 %
Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.6 0.7 g/kg 50 %
Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.9 0.9 g/kg 46 %
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.5 1.6 g/kg 47 %
Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry 0.9 1 g/kg 47 %
Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.5 2.7 g/kg 48 %
Valine, ileal standardized, poultry 4.2 4.6 g/kg 49 %
Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry 4.4 4.8 g/kg 48 %
Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.7 3 g/kg 48 %
Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.8 1.9 g/kg 47 %
Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 4.5 4.9 g/kg 47 %
Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.8 0.9 g/kg 48 %
Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.2 2.5 g/kg 47 %
Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry 3.3 3.7 g/kg 51 %
Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 7 7.6 g/kg 48 %
Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 6 6.6 g/kg 49 %
Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.9 3.1 g/kg 50 %
Serine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.7 3 g/kg 48 %
Proline, ileal standardized, poultry 2.7 3 g/kg 49 %