Dried cassava roots (Manihot esculenta Crantz), containing 66-70% starch (as fed). Cassava roots are usually provided as chips, pellets or meal (ground chips).
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dry matter | 87.7 | 100 | % | - | 2.8 | 82.6 -97.5 | 1003 | 2.6 | ||||||
Crude protein | 2.5 | 2.9 | % | - | 0.7 | 0.6 -6.1 | 476 | 0.8 | 0.7 -7 | 509 | ||||
Crude fibre | 3.8 | 4.3 | % | - | 0.9 | 1.5 -7.9 | 875 | 1 | 1.8 -8.7 | 899 | ||||
Crude fat | 0.6 | 0.7 | % | - | 0.3 | 0.2 -1.6 | 154 | 0.3 | 0.1 -1.9 | 186 | ||||
Ash | 3.9 | 4.5 | % | - | 1.6 | 0.9 -8 | 700 | 1.9 | 1.1 -9.2 | 704 | ||||
Insoluble ash | 1.2 | 1.4 | % | - | 1.3 | -4.7 | 354 | 1.5 | -5.4 | 283 | ||||
NDF | 7.8 | 8.9 | % | - | 2.4 | 2.7 -11.7 | 24 | 2.7 | 3.1 -13.9 | 55 | ||||
ADF | 5.2 | 6 | % | - | 1.7 | 1.6 -7.1 | 24 | 1.9 | 1.8 -8.9 | 52 | ||||
Lignin | 1.4 | 1.6 | % | - | 0.8 | -3.8 | 11 | 0.9 | -4.2 | 41 | ||||
Water insoluble cell walls | 7.1 | 8.1 | % | - | 1 | |||||||||
Starch | 68.4 | 77.9 | % | - | 2.1 | 66 -70 | 828 | 2 | 71.3 -85 | 753 | ||||
Total sugars | 2.1 | 2.4 | % | - | 0.9 | 0.4 -4.4 | 37 | 1 | 0.5 -5 | 41 | ||||
Gross energy (kcal) | 3510 | 4000 | kcal/kg | - | 110 | 3340 -3920 | 22 | 100 | 3770 -4350 | 50 | ||||
Gross energy (MJ) | 14.7 | 16.8 | MJ/kg | - | 0.5 | 14 -16.4 | 22 | 0.4 | 15.8 -18.2 | 50 |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Calcium | 1.6 | 1.8 | g/kg | - | 0.8 | 0.2 -4.3 | 121 | 0.9 | 0.2 -5 | 128 | ||||
Phosphorus | 0.9 | 1.1 | g/kg | - | 0.3 | 0.1 -1.8 | 111 | 0.4 | 0.2 -2 | 119 | ||||
Phytate phosphorus | 0.2 | 0.3 | g/kg | 25 | % P | 25-29 | 2 | |||||||
Magnesium | 0.7 | 0.9 | g/kg | - | 0.2 | 0.2 -1.4 | 58 | 0.3 | 0.2 -1.8 | 60 | ||||
Potassium | 8.9 | 10.1 | g/kg | - | 3.2 | 2.9 -20.2 | 70 | 3.7 | 3.4 -21.8 | 69 | ||||
Sodium | 0.35 | 0.4 | g/kg | - | 0.33 | 0.06 -0.85 | 17 | 0.38 | 0.07 -1.4 | 17 | ||||
Chlorine | 0.3 | 0.3 | g/kg | - | 0.05 | 0.2 -0.5 | 13 | 0.06 | 0.2 -0.4 | 11 | ||||
Sulfur | 2.7 | 3.1 | g/kg | - | ||||||||||
Dietary cation-anion difference | 65 | 74 | mEq/kg | - | ||||||||||
Electrolyte balance | 235 | 268 | mEq/kg | - | ||||||||||
Manganese | 23 | 26 | mg/kg | - | 9 | 20 -43 | 6 | |||||||
Zinc | 32 | 36 | mg/kg | - | 45 | 7 -116 | 5 | |||||||
Copper | 4 | 4 | mg/kg | - | 1 | 2 -6 | 6 | |||||||
Iron | 146 | 166 | mg/kg | - | 137 | 8 -351 | 6 | |||||||
Selenium | 0.07 | 0.08 | mg/kg | - | 1 | |||||||||
Cobalt | 0.04 | 0.05 | mg/kg | - | 1 | |||||||||
Molybdenum | 0.05 | 0.06 | mg/kg | - |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids | 0.03 | 0.03 | g/kg | 0.6 | % FA | |||||||||
C12:0 lauric acid | 0.2 | 0.2 | g/kg | 3.9 | % FA | 1 | 0.2-7.6 | 2 | ||||||
C14:0 myristic acid | 0.08 | 0.1 | g/kg | 1.7 | % FA | 1 | 0-3.3 | 2 | ||||||
C16:0 palmitic acid | 1.6 | 1.8 | g/kg | 31.9 | % FA | 1 | 28.6-35.1 | 2 | ||||||
C16:1 palmitoleic acid | 0.03 | 0.04 | g/kg | 0.7 | % FA | 1 | 1 | |||||||
C18:0 stearic acid | 0.1 | 0.2 | g/kg | 2.9 | % FA | 1 | 2-3.7 | 2 | ||||||
C18:1 oleic acid | 1.7 | 2 | g/kg | 35.2 | % FA | 1 | 33.2-37.1 | 2 | ||||||
C18:2 linoleic acid | 0.8 | 0.9 | g/kg | 16.4 | % FA | 1 | 14.6-18.1 | 2 | ||||||
C18:3 linolenic acid | 0.4 | 0.4 | g/kg | 7.6 | % FA | 1 | 4.2-11 | 2 | ||||||
Fatty acids | 0.5 | 0.6 | g/kg | 80 | % fat |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Vitamin B1 thiamin | 2 | 2 | mg/kg | - | ||||||||||
Vitamin B2 riboflavin | 0.8 | 0.9 | mg/kg | - | ||||||||||
Vitamin B6 pyridoxine | 1 | 1 | mg/kg | - | ||||||||||
Vitamin B12 | 0 | 0 | µg/kg | - | ||||||||||
Niacin | 3 | 4 | mg/kg | - | ||||||||||
Pantothenic acid | 1 | 1 | mg/kg | - |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DE growing pig (kcal) | 3140 | 3580 | kcal/kg | - | 130 | 2980 -3270 | 9 | 130 | 3360 -3680 | 9 | ||||
ME growing pig (kcal) | 3090 | 3520 | kcal/kg | - | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
NE growing pig (kcal) | 2480 | 2830 | kcal/kg | - | ||||||||||
DE adult pig (kcal) | 3210 | 3660 | kcal/kg | - | ||||||||||
ME adult pig (kcal) | 3140 | 3580 | kcal/kg | - | ||||||||||
NE adult pig (kcal) | 2520 | 2870 | kcal/kg | - | ||||||||||
DE growing pig (MJ) | 13.2 | 15 | MJ/kg | - | 0.5 | 12.5 -13.7 | 9 | 0.5 | 14.1 -15.4 | 9 | ||||
ME growing pig (MJ) | 12.9 | 14.8 | MJ/kg | - | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
NE growing pig (MJ) | 10.4 | 11.8 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
DE adult pig (MJ) | 13.4 | 15.3 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
ME adult pig (MJ) | 13.2 | 15 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
NE adult pig (MJ) | 10.5 | 12 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
Energy digestibility growing pig | - | 89.4 | % | 2.2 | 84.6-91.3 | 9 | ||||||||
Energy digestibility adult pig | - | 91.3 | % | |||||||||||
OM digestibility growing pig | - | 89 | % | 1.3 | 89-92.6 | 8 | ||||||||
OM digestibility adult pig | - | 91 | % | |||||||||||
N digestibility growing pig | - | 30 | % | 17.8 | 22.4-78.9 | 9 | ||||||||
N digestibility adult pig | - | 45.7 | % | |||||||||||
Crude fat digestibility pig | - | 0 | % | |||||||||||
Digestible P pig (no phytase) | 0.09 | 0.1 | g/kg | 10 | % | 1 |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AMEn cockerel (kcal) | 3060 | 3490 | kcal/kg | - | 3300 -3490 | 4 | ||||||||
AMEn broiler (kcal) | 3060 | 3490 | kcal/kg | - | 230 | 2950 -3530 | 4 | 260 | 3200 -3780 | 5 | ||||
AMEn cockerel (MJ) | 12.8 | 14.6 | MJ/kg | - | 13.8 -14.6 | 4 | ||||||||
AMEn broiler (MJ) | 12.8 | 14.6 | MJ/kg | - | 1 | 12.3 -14.8 | 4 | 1.1 | 13.4 -15.8 | 5 | ||||
Available P cockerel | 0.2 | 0.3 | g/kg | 25 | % P |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OM digestibility horse | - | 85 | % | |||||||||||
Energy digestibility horse | - | 81.8 | % | |||||||||||
Horse Forage Unit | 1.01 | 1.16 | per kg | - | ||||||||||
Digestible crude protein horse | 8 | 9 | g/kg | - |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DE rabbit (kcal) | 2920 | 3330 | kcal/kg | - | ||||||||||
ME rabbit (kcal) | 2890 | 3300 | kcal/kg | - | ||||||||||
DE rabbit (MJ) | 12.2 | 13.9 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
ME rabbit (MJ) | 12.1 | 13.8 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
Energy digestibility rabbit | - | 83.1 | % | |||||||||||
N digestibility rabbit | - | 52.4 | % |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lysine | 1 | 1.1 | g/kg | 3.9 | g/16g N | 0.4 | 0.5 -2.1 | 16 | 0.5 | 0.6 -2.4 | 16 | 0.6 | 2.3-4.9 | 16 |
Threonine | 0.8 | 0.9 | g/kg | 3 | g/16g N | 0.3 | 0.4 -1.2 | 4 | 0.3 | 0.5 -1.3 | 6 | 0.5 | 2.6-3.8 | 6 |
Methionine | 0.4 | 0.5 | g/kg | 1.6 | g/16g N | 0.2 | 0.2 -0.7 | 7 | 0.2 | 0.1 -0.8 | 7 | 0.4 | 0.8-1.9 | 9 |
Cystine | 0.5 | 0.5 | g/kg | 1.8 | g/16g N | 0.2 -0.5 | 4 | 0.2 -0.6 | 4 | 0.4 | 0.8-1.9 | 6 | ||
Methionine + cystine | 0.9 | 1 | g/kg | 3.4 | g/16g N | 0.4 -1.2 | 4 | 0.4 -1.3 | 4 | 0.9 | 1.7-3.8 | 6 | ||
Tryptophan | 0.2 | 0.2 | g/kg | 0.8 | g/16g N | 1 | ||||||||
Isoleucine | 0.8 | 0.9 | g/kg | 3 | g/16g N | 0.3 | 0.3 -1.2 | 6 | 0.4 | 0.3 -1.3 | 6 | 0.3 | 2.5-3.3 | 8 |
Valine | 1.1 | 1.2 | g/kg | 4.4 | g/16g N | 0.3 | 0.4 -1.2 | 5 | 0.4 | 0.5 -1.3 | 5 | 0.5 | 3.5-5.1 | 7 |
Leucine | 1.3 | 1.5 | g/kg | 5.3 | g/16g N | 0.6 | 0.5 -2.2 | 6 | 0.7 | 0.6 -2.5 | 6 | 0.7 | 4.2-6.1 | 8 |
Phenylalanine | 0.9 | 1 | g/kg | 3.5 | g/16g N | 0.4 | 0.3 -1.4 | 6 | 0.5 | 0.3 -1.6 | 6 | 0.5 | 2.3-3.9 | 8 |
Tyrosine | 0.6 | 0.7 | g/kg | 2.6 | g/16g N | 0.5 | 1.6-2.7 | 5 | ||||||
Phenylalanine + tyrosine | 1.5 | 1.7 | g/kg | 6 | g/16g N | 0.8 | 4.3-6.2 | 5 | ||||||
Histidine | 1.1 | 1.2 | g/kg | 4.2 | g/16g N | 0.5 | 0.3 -1.3 | 5 | 0.6 | 0.2 -1.5 | 5 | 1.5 | 1.3-4.9 | 7 |
Arginine | 1 | 1.1 | g/kg | 3.9 | g/16g N | 0.4 | 0.4 -1.6 | 6 | 0.5 -1.8 | 4 | 0.7 | 2.8-4.4 | 6 | |
Alanine | 1.3 | 1.4 | g/kg | 5 | g/16g N | 0.4 | 0.5 -1.8 | 7 | 0.5 | 0.6 -2 | 7 | 1 | 3.8-6.8 | 9 |
Aspartic acid | 1.7 | 1.9 | g/kg | 6.7 | g/16g N | 0.7 | 0.7 -2.8 | 7 | 0.8 | 0.8 -3.1 | 7 | 0.8 | 5.7-7.9 | 9 |
Glutamic acid | 2.9 | 3.3 | g/kg | 11.6 | g/16g N | 1.1 | 1.4 -4.8 | 7 | 1.3 | 1.6 -5.3 | 7 | 3.5 | 6.5-17.5 | 9 |
Glycine | 0.8 | 1 | g/kg | 3.3 | g/16g N | 0.3 | 0.4 -1.3 | 6 | 0.4 | 0.5 -1.4 | 6 | 0.4 | 3-4 | 8 |
Serine | 0.8 | 0.9 | g/kg | 3.1 | g/16g N | 0.3 | 0.4 -1.3 | 7 | 0.4 | 0.4 -1.4 | 7 | 0.7 | 1.7-4.2 | 9 |
Proline | 1.2 | 1.3 | g/kg | 4.6 | g/16g N |