Mealworm larvae, dried

Dried larvae of mealworm (Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus 1758), a beetle insect. Note: it is recommended to check the regulatory status of this product before using it for livestock feeding.

Values

Main constituents
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Dry matter 94.6 100 % - 1.4 93.2 -97.5 9 2.1
Crude protein 47.7 50.4 % - 4.8 40.7 -53.7 9 5 43 -60.3 33
Crude fibre 4.8 5.1 % - 1 0.7 4.4 -6.9 14
Crude fat 33.7 35.6 % - 6.6 23.5 -46.4 32
Ash 3.4 3.6 % - 1.3 2.9 -8.3 9 1.3 1.9 -8.8 34
Insoluble ash 0.2 0.2 % - 1
NDF 11.4 12 % - 7.4 -15 4
ADF 6.4 6.7 % - 6.4 -7.2 3
Lignin 0 0 % -
Water insoluble cell walls 10.6 11.2 % -
Starch 0 0 % -
Starch, enzymatic method 0 0 % -
Total sugars 0 0 % -
Gross energy (kcal) 6280 6630 kcal/kg - 440 5530 -7460 3 450 5540 -7740 19
Gross energy (MJ) 26.3 27.8 MJ/kg - 1.8 23.1 -31.2 3 1.9 23.2 -32.4 19
Mineral elements
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Calcium 2.2 2.4 g/kg - 1 1.9 0.3 -6.2 12
Phosphorus 7.3 7.7 g/kg - 1 3.3 4.4 -14.2 10
Phytate phosphorus 0 0 g/kg 0 % P
Magnesium 2.1 2.2 g/kg - 2 -2.8 4
Potassium 9 9.5 g/kg - 8.5 -10.8 3
Sodium 0.79 0.83 g/kg - 0.72 -0.94 2
Chlorine 5.4 5.7 g/kg - 1
Electrolyte balance 114 121 mEq/kg -
Manganese 9 9 mg/kg - 3 3 6 -14 5
Zinc 118 125 mg/kg - 27 28 83 -159 5
Copper 17 18 mg/kg - 5 5 15 -27 5
Iron 55 59 mg/kg - 27 29 26 -110 6
Selenium 0.4 0.5 mg/kg - 0.3 -0.7 3
Iodine 0.1 0.1 mg/kg - 0 -0.4 3
Fatty acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C12:0 lauric acid 0.8 0.8 g/kg 0.3 % FA 1 0.3 0-1 10
C14:0 myristic acid 7.8 8.2 g/kg 2.8 % FA 1 1 1.6 0.7-6.4 11
C16:0 palmitic acid 50.5 53.4 g/kg 18 % FA 1 1 5.9 6.8-28.7 12
C16:1 palmitoleic acid 5.8 6.1 g/kg 2.1 % FA 1 1 1.6 0.3-6.1 11
C18:0 stearic acid 11.6 12.2 g/kg 4.1 % FA 1 1 2.2 1.5-7.8 11
C18:1 oleic acid 103 108 g/kg 36.5 % FA 1 1 8.1 19.8-45.1 12
C18:2 linoleic acid 74.6 78.8 g/kg 26.6 % FA 1 1 9.1 8.5-35.2 12
C18:3 linolenic acid 2.4 2.6 g/kg 0.9 % FA 1 1 0.7 0-1.9 7
C18:4 stearidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA 1 1
C20:0 arachidic acid 1.3 1.4 g/kg 0.5 % FA 1 0.6 -3.1 2 0.5 0.08-1.5 10
C20:1 eicosenoic acid 0.3 0.3 g/kg 0.1 % FA 1 0.09 0.03-0.3 6
C20:4 arachidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA 1 0 0-0 6
C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid 0.1 0.2 g/kg 0.05 % FA 1 0.1 0-0.3 6
C22:0 behenic acid 0.02 0.02 g/kg 0.01 % FA 0 -0.03 2 0.01 0-0.03 6
C22:1 erucic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA 1 1
C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA 1 1
C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA 1 0-0 2
C24:0 lignoceric acid 0.08 0.09 g/kg 0.03 % FA 1 0.04 0-0.08 6
Fatty acids 28.1 29.7 % 83 % fat 1 20.2 -40.5 4 80-86 2
Vitamins and pigments
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Vitamin A 0.3 0.3 1000 IU/kg - 0 -0.8 3
Vitamin D 0 0 1000 IU/kg - 1
Vitamin E 20.1 21.2 mg/kg - 10.1 -33.4 3
Vitamin K 0 0 mg/kg - 1
Vitamin B1 thiamin 4.1 4.3 mg/kg - 3.1 -6.3 3
Vitamin B2 riboflavin 24.3 25.6 mg/kg - 12 -41.3 4
Vitamin B6 pyridoxine 13.8 14.6 mg/kg - 0 -22.2 4
Vitamin B12 0.02 0.02 µg/kg - 0 -0.06 4
Niacin 114 121 mg/kg - 106 -150 3
Pantothenic acid 49.2 52 mg/kg - 37.2 -68.8 3
Folic acid 3 3.2 mg/kg - 0.6 -5 4
Biotin 1 1 mg/kg - 0.8 -1.4 3
Vitamin C 130 137 mg/kg - 31.5 -318 3
Choline 4341 4588 mg/kg - 4390 -4840 3
Ruminants
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
UFL INRA 2018 1.78 1.88 per kg -
UFV INRA 2018 1.82 1.93 per kg -
PDIA INRA 2018 151 159 g/kg -
PDI INRA 2018 197 208 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance INRA 2018 203 214 g/kg -
Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018 0.203 0.215 per kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 4630 4890 kcal/kg -
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 3130 3310 kcal/kg -
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 3210 3390 kcal/kg -
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 83.6 %
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 89.6 %
N degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 61 %
DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 74 %
Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 0 %
Lysine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.9 % PDI
Threonine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.5 % PDI
Methionine ruminants INRA 2018 - 1.6 % PDI
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.9 % PDI
Valine ruminants INRA 2018 - 6.3 % PDI
Leucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 9 % PDI
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4 % PDI
Histidine ruminants INRA 2018 - 2.4 % PDI
Arginine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.4 % PDI
UFL FL1 INRA 2018 1.82 1.93 per kg -
UFV FL1 INRA 2018 1.88 1.98 per kg -
PDIA FL1 INRA 2018 145 153 g/kg -
PDI FL1 INRA 2018 192 203 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018 208 220 g/kg -
UFL FL4 INRA 2018 1.7 1.8 per kg -
UFV FL4 INRA 2018 1.72 1.82 per kg -
PDIA FL4 INRA 2018 160 169 g/kg -
PDI FL4 INRA 2018 205 217 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018 192 203 g/kg -
UFL INRA 2007 1.61 1.7 per kg -
UFV INRA 2007 1.6 1.69 per kg -
PDIA INRA 2007 172 182 g/kg -
PDIN INRA 2007 323 341 g/kg -
PDIE INRA 2007 195 206 g/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal) 4320 4560 kcal/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ) 18.1 19.1 MJ/kg -
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 85 %
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 91 %
N digestibility ruminants - 78.9 %
N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants - 80 % 7.9 59.2-82.4 7
NDF digestibility ruminants - 0 %
N degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 59 %
Immediately degradable N (a) - 2 % 0.9-2 2
Potentially degradable N (b) - 66 % 59-73 2
Degradation rate of particles N (c) - 0.43 h-1 0.11-0.75 2
Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06) - 0 %
DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 73 %
Immediately degradable DM (a) - 5 % 4-6 2
Potentially degradable DM (b) - 76 % 72-80 2
Degradation rate of particles DM (c) - 0.555 h-1 0.12-0.99 2
Fatty acids digestibility ruminants - 78.5 %
Absorbable P ruminants 6.6 6.9 g/kg 90 % P
Absorbable Ca ruminants 1.2 1.3 g/kg 55 % Ca
Lysine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.9 % PDIE
Threonine ruminants INRA 2007 - 4.6 % PDIE
Methionine ruminants INRA 2007 - 1.5 % PDIE
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5 % PDIE
Valine ruminants INRA 2007 - 6.4 % PDIE
Leucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 8.9 % PDIE
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007 - 3.7 % PDIE
Histidine ruminants INRA 2007 - 2.3 % PDIE
Arginine ruminants INRA 2007 - 4.5 % PDIE
VEM CVB 2018 1605 1697 per kg -
VEVI CVB 2018 1745 1844 per kg -
DVE CVB 1991 184 195 g/kg -
OEB CVB 1991 227 240 g/kg -
DVLYS CVB 1991 3.7 4 g/kg -
DVMET CVB 1991 1.2 1.3 g/kg -
TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001 104 110 % -
DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001 5.43 5.74 Mcal/kg -
NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001 3.38 3.57 Mcal/kg -
NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001 3.21 3.4 Mcal/kg -
NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001 3.19 3.37 Mcal/kg -
NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001 2.32 2.45 Mcal/kg -
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 25% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 40 %
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 50% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 42 %
EN Lactation ruminants GfE 11.4 12 MJ/kg -
nxP ruminants GfE 365 386 g/kg -
RNB ruminants GfE 18 19 g/kg -
Pigs
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE growing pig (kcal) 5140 5440 kcal/kg -
ME growing pig (kcal) 4850 5120 kcal/kg -
NE growing pig (kcal) 3610 3820 kcal/kg -
DE adult pig (kcal) 5140 5440 kcal/kg -
ME adult pig (kcal) 4830 5100 kcal/kg -
NE adult pig (kcal) 3610 3820 kcal/kg -
DE growing pig (MJ) 21.5 22.8 MJ/kg -
ME growing pig (MJ) 20.3 21.4 MJ/kg -
NE growing pig (MJ) 15.1 16 MJ/kg -
DE adult pig (MJ) 21.5 22.8 MJ/kg -
ME adult pig (MJ) 20.2 21.4 MJ/kg -
NE adult pig (MJ) 15.1 16 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility growing pig - 81.9 %
Energy digestibility adult pig - 81.9 %
OM digestibility growing pig - 84.1 %
OM digestibility adult pig - 84.1 %
N digestibility growing pig - 85 %
N digestibility adult pig - 85 %
Crude fat digestibility pig - 79.4 %
Digestible P pig (no phytase) 5.8 6.2 g/kg 80 %
Digestible P pig (with phytase) 5.8 6.2 g/kg 80 %
Poultry
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
AMEn cockerel (kcal) 5240 5540 kcal/kg -
AMEn broiler (kcal) 4890 5170 kcal/kg - 1 1
AMEn cockerel (MJ) 21.9 23.2 MJ/kg -
AMEn broiler (MJ) 20.5 21.7 MJ/kg -
Available P cockerel 6.2 6.6 g/kg 85 % P
Available P broiler 6.2 6.6 g/kg 85 % P
Rabbits
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE rabbit (kcal) 5430 5740 kcal/kg -
ME rabbit (kcal) 4910 5180 kcal/kg -
DE rabbit (MJ) 22.7 24 MJ/kg -
ME rabbit (MJ) 20.5 21.7 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility rabbit - 86.6 %
N digestibility rabbit - 91.5 %
Fish
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE salmonids (kcal) 4810 5080 kcal/kg -
DE salmonids (MJ) 20.1 21.3 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility, salmonids - 76.6 %
N digestibility salmonids - 87.4 %
Amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine 30.7 32.4 g/kg 6.4 g/16g N 9 17.5 -34 3 9.5 14 -47.1 19 2 2.9-10.4 19
Threonine 24.6 26 g/kg 5.2 g/16g N 5.1 15.7 -36.3 19 1.2 3.5-7.6 19
Methionine 9.3 9.8 g/kg 1.9 g/16g N 3.9 5.1 -9.6 3 4.1 4.8 -18 19 0.9 1-3.9 19
Cystine 33.4 35.3 g/kg 7 g/16g N 25.2 3.5 -87 19 5.6 0.8-19.2 19
Methionine + cystine 42.7 45.1 g/kg 9 g/16g N 26.3 8.9 -97 19 5.9 1.6-21.4 19
Tryptophan 8.2 8.7 g/kg 1.7 g/16g N 1 6.1 1 -21 16 1.3 0.2-4.6 16
Isoleucine 28.4 30 g/kg 6 g/16g N 8.7 13.9 -49 17 2 3.2-11 17
Valine 41.8 44.2 g/kg 8.8 g/16g N 11.6 23.8 -58.6 19 2.7 5-12.8 19
Leucine 52.5 55.5 g/kg 11 g/16g N 19.7 28.1 -103 19 4.4 6-21.5 19
Phenylalanine 20.6 21.8 g/kg 4.3 g/16g N 3.4 13.6 -25 18 0.8 3.1-5.6 18
Tyrosine 30 31.8 g/kg 6.3 g/16g N 9.3 24.7 -34.9 3 9.8 16.9 -50 18 2.1 3.5-11 18
Phenylalanine + tyrosine 50.6 53.5 g/kg 10.6 g/16g N 10.6 37.5 -48.9 2 11.2 34 -75 18 2.5 7.1-16.5 18
Histidine 15.4 16.2 g/kg 3.2 g/16g N 2.3 10.1 -15.9 3 2.4 10.7 -18.8 18 0.5 2.3-4 18
Arginine 27.9 29.5 g/kg 5.9 g/16g N 7.7 19.7 -44.4 19 1.5 3.8-8.9 19
Alanine 53.4 56.4 g/kg 11.2 g/16g N 16.4 31.5 -90 19 3.8 6.2-20.1 19
Aspartic acid 47.9 50.6 g/kg 10 g/16g N 10 29.4 -72.3 19 2.3 5.6-15.2 19
Glutamic acid 77.5 81.9 g/kg 16.2 g/16g N 16.4 54.1 -110 18 4 10.2-23.1 18
Glycine 39.6 41.8 g/kg 8.3 g/16g N 12.7 20.4 -59 19 3 3.9-13.2 19
Serine 33.7 35.6 g/kg 7.1 g/16g N 8.8 21.5 -43 3 9.3 22.7 -58.4 19 2 4.3-11.1 19
Proline 31.2 33 g/kg 6.5 g/16g N 5.5 21 -32.5 3 5.8 22.3 -41.2 7 0.6 5.2-7 7
Pigs, amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine, ileal standardised, pig 27.6 29.2 g/kg 90 % 1 1 1
Threonine, ileal standardised, pig 22.2 23.4 g/kg 90 % 1 1 1
Methionine, ileal standardised, pig 8.4 8.8 g/kg 90 % 1 1 1
Cystine, ileal standardised, pig 30.1 31.8 g/kg 90 % 1 1 1
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig 35.4 37.4 g/kg 90 %
Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig 6.8 7.2 g/kg 83 %
Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig 25.5 27 g/kg 90 % 1 1 1
Valine, ileal standardised, pig 37.7 39.8 g/kg 90 % 1 1 1
Leucine, ileal standardised, pig 47.2 49.9 g/kg 90 % 1 1 1
Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig 18.5 19.6 g/kg 90 % 1 1 1
Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 27 28.5 g/kg 90 % 1 1 1
Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 42.8 45.3 g/kg 90 %
Histidine, ileal standardised, pig 13.8 14.6 g/kg 90 % 1 1 1
Arginine, ileal standardised, pig 25.1 26.6 g/kg 90 % 1 1 1
Alanine, ileal standardised, pig 48 50.8 g/kg 90 % 1 1 1
Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig 43.1 45.5 g/kg 90 % 1 1 1
Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig 69.7 73.7 g/kg 90 % 1 1 1
Glycine, ileal standardised, pig 35.7 37.7 g/kg 90 % 1 1 1
Serine, ileal standardised, pig 30.4 32.1 g/kg 90 % 1 1 1
Proline, ileal standardised, pig 28.3 29.9 g/kg 91 % 1 1 1
Poultry, amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry 25.3 26.7 g/kg 82 %
Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry 19.4 20.5 g/kg 79 %
Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry 8 8.4 g/kg 86 %
Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 24.9 26.3 g/kg 75 %
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 30.3 32 g/kg 77 %
Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry 6.7 7.1 g/kg 82 %
Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry 23.5 24.9 g/kg 83 %
Valine, ileal standardized, poultry 34.4 36.4 g/kg 82 %
Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry 44.2 46.7 g/kg 84 %
Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry 17.4 18.4 g/kg 85 %
Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 25 26.4 g/kg 83 %
Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 40 42.2 g/kg 84 %
Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry 12.6 13.3 g/kg 82 %
Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry 23.8 25.2 g/kg 85 %
Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry 44.1 46.6 g/kg 83 %
Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 37.6 39.8 g/kg 79 %
Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 66.8 70.6 g/kg 86 %
Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry 31.5 33.3 g/kg 80 %
Serine, ileal standardized, poultry 27.3 28.8 g/kg 81 %
Proline, ileal standardized, poultry 25.7 27.2 g/kg 82 %
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