Maize starch

Starch extracted from maize grain (Zea mays L.). Other name: corn starch (USA).

Values

Main constituents
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Dry matter 88.2 100 % - 1.4 83.9 -94.3 244 2.2
Crude protein 0.7 0.8 % - 0.5 0 -1.6 11 0.5 0 -1.7 12
Crude fibre 0.2 0.2 % - 0.07 0.09 -0.3 5 0.07 0.1 -0.3 6
Crude fat 0.4 0.4 % - 0.3 0.1 -0.8 8 0.3 0.1 -0.9 8
Ash 0.2 0.2 % - 0.2 0 -0.5 11 0.2 0 -0.6 12
Insoluble ash 0 0 % -
NDF 0 0 % - 1 1
ADF 0 0 % -
Lignin 0 0 % - 1 1
Water insoluble cell walls 0 0 % -
Starch 83.8 95 % - 4.8 71 -92.6 9 5.2 84.6 -99.9 7
Starch, enzymatic method 83.8 95 % -
Total sugars 0 0 % -
Gross energy (kcal) 3690 4180 kcal/kg - 90 3950 -4290 11
Gross energy (MJ) 15.4 17.5 MJ/kg - 0.4 16.5 -18 11
Mineral elements
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Calcium 0.1 0.2 g/kg - 0.09 -0.2 2 0.1 -0.2 2
Phosphorus 0.2 0.2 g/kg - 1 1
Phytate phosphorus 0.1 0.2 g/kg 75 % P 1 1 11 64-94 8
Magnesium 0.03 0.04 g/kg -
Potassium 0.04 0.04 g/kg -
Sodium 0.09 0.1 g/kg -
Chlorine 0.1 0.1 g/kg -
Sulfur 1.1 1.3 g/kg -
Dietary cation-anion difference -67 -76 mEq/kg -
Electrolyte balance 2 2 mEq/kg -
Manganese 5 5 mg/kg -
Zinc 2 3 mg/kg -
Copper 0.4 0.5 mg/kg -
Iron 9 10 mg/kg - 7 1 -70 225 7 2 -79 225
Selenium 0.03 0.03 mg/kg -
Fatty acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C12:0 lauric acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C14:0 myristic acid 0 0.01 g/kg 0.1 % FA 0.1 0.1-0.4 18
C16:0 palmitic acid 0.3 0.4 g/kg 10.5 % FA 0.8 8.6-13.6 202
C16:1 palmitoleic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA 1
C18:0 stearic acid 0.06 0.07 g/kg 1.8 % FA 0.2 1.3-2.7 201
C18:1 oleic acid 0.9 1 g/kg 26.1 % FA 3 20-35.4 202
C18:2 linoleic acid 1.9 2.2 g/kg 59.5 % FA 3.4 49.4-67.6 208
C18:3 linolenic acid 0.04 0.05 g/kg 1.3 % FA 0.3 0.3-1.9 202
C18:4 stearidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:0 arachidic acid 0.02 0.02 g/kg 0.6 % FA 0.2 0.1-1.2 186
C20:1 eicosenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:4 arachidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:0 behenic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:1 erucic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA 1
C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C24:0 lignoceric acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
Fatty acids 0.3 0.4 % 85 % fat
Vitamins and pigments
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Vitamin A 0 0 1000 IU/kg -
Vitamin D 0 0 1000 IU/kg -
Vitamin E 0 0 mg/kg -
Vitamin K 0 0 mg/kg -
Vitamin B1 thiamin 0 0 mg/kg -
Vitamin B2 riboflavin 0.08 0.09 mg/kg -
Vitamin B6 pyridoxine 0.05 0.06 mg/kg -
Vitamin B12 0 0 µg/kg -
Niacin 0.3 0.3 mg/kg -
Pantothenic acid 0 0 mg/kg -
Folic acid 0 0 mg/kg -
Vitamin C 0 0 mg/kg -
Choline 4 5 mg/kg -
Ruminants
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
UFL INRA 2018 1.2 1.37 per kg -
UFV INRA 2018 1.27 1.44 per kg -
PDIA INRA 2018 3 4 g/kg -
PDI INRA 2018 55 63 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance INRA 2018 -91 -103 g/kg -
Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018 0.115 0.13 per kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 3040 3450 kcal/kg -
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 2120 2400 kcal/kg -
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 2240 2540 kcal/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 12.7 14.4 MJ/kg -
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 8.9 10.1 MJ/kg -
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 9.4 10.6 MJ/kg -
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 98.6 %
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 94.8 %
N degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 48 %
Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 68 %
DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 77 %
Lysine ruminants INRA 2018 - 7.6 % PDI
Threonine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.4 % PDI
Methionine ruminants INRA 2018 - 2.3 % PDI
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.5 % PDI
Valine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.8 % PDI
Leucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 8.5 % PDI
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.2 % PDI
Histidine ruminants INRA 2018 - 1.9 % PDI
Arginine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.7 % PDI
UFL FL1 INRA 2018 1.19 1.35 per kg -
UFV FL1 INRA 2018 1.26 1.43 per kg -
PDIA FL1 INRA 2018 3 3 g/kg -
PDI FL1 INRA 2018 57 65 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018 -93 -106 g/kg -
UFL FL4 INRA 2018 1.18 1.33 per kg -
UFV FL4 INRA 2018 1.24 1.4 per kg -
PDIA FL4 INRA 2018 4 4 g/kg -
PDI FL4 INRA 2018 52 59 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018 -86 -97 g/kg -
UFL INRA 2007 1.26 1.43 per kg -
UFV INRA 2007 1.33 1.51 per kg -
PDIA INRA 2007 4 4 g/kg -
PDIN INRA 2007 5 6 g/kg -
PDIE INRA 2007 69 78 g/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal) 3180 3610 kcal/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ) 13.3 15.1 MJ/kg -
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 100 %
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 100 %
N digestibility ruminants - 0 %
N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants - 95 %
NDF digestibility ruminants - 79 %
N degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 45 %
Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06) - 60 %
DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 82 %
Fatty acids digestibility ruminants - 73.3 %
Absorbable P ruminants 0.1 0.2 g/kg 75 % P
Absorbable Ca ruminants 0.07 0.08 g/kg 55 % Ca
Lysine ruminants INRA 2007 - 7.5 % PDIE
Threonine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.3 % PDIE
Methionine ruminants INRA 2007 - 2.1 % PDIE
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.5 % PDIE
Valine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.9 % PDIE
Leucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 8.3 % PDIE
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.1 % PDIE
Histidine ruminants INRA 2007 - 1.9 % PDIE
Arginine ruminants INRA 2007 - 4.6 % PDIE
VEM CVB 2018 1261 1430 per kg -
VEVI CVB 2018 1458 1653 per kg -
DVE CVB 1991 55 63 g/kg -
OEB CVB 1991 -78 -88 g/kg -
DVLYS CVB 1991 5.5 6.2 g/kg -
DVMET CVB 1991 2.4 2.7 g/kg -
TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001 80.4 91.2 % -
DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001 3.38 3.83 Mcal/kg -
NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.76 1.99 Mcal/kg -
NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001 1.66 1.88 Mcal/kg -
NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.9 2.15 Mcal/kg -
NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.3 1.47 Mcal/kg -
EN Lactation ruminants GfE 8.9 10.1 MJ/kg -
nxP ruminants GfE 113 128 g/kg -
RNB ruminants GfE -17 -19 g/kg -
Pigs
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE growing pig (kcal) 3620 4100 kcal/kg - 180 3770 -4230 6
ME growing pig (kcal) 3570 4050 kcal/kg - 1
NE growing pig (kcal) 2920 3310 kcal/kg -
DE adult pig (kcal) 3620 4100 kcal/kg -
ME adult pig (kcal) 3560 4040 kcal/kg -
NE adult pig (kcal) 2920 3310 kcal/kg -
DE growing pig (MJ) 15.1 17.2 MJ/kg -
ME growing pig (MJ) 14.9 16.9 MJ/kg - 1
NE growing pig (MJ) 12.2 13.9 MJ/kg -
DE adult pig (MJ) 15.1 17.2 MJ/kg -
ME adult pig (MJ) 14.9 16.9 MJ/kg -
NE adult pig (MJ) 12.2 13.9 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility growing pig - 98 % 4.7 87.7-99 5
Energy digestibility adult pig - 98 %
OM digestibility growing pig - 98 % 90.1-99 4
OM digestibility adult pig - 98 %
N digestibility growing pig - 0 %
N digestibility adult pig - 0 %
Crude fat digestibility pig - 0 %
Digestible P pig (no phytase) 0.05 0.06 g/kg 28 % 17-37 4
Digestible P pig (with phytase) 0.07 0.08 g/kg 42 %
Poultry
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
AMEn cockerel (kcal) 3530 4000 kcal/kg -
AMEn broiler (kcal) 3530 4000 kcal/kg - 1 1
AMEn cockerel (MJ) 14.8 16.7 MJ/kg -
AMEn broiler (MJ) 14.8 16.7 MJ/kg - 1 1
Available P cockerel 0.04 0.05 g/kg 25 % P
Available P broiler 0.04 0.05 g/kg 25 % P
Horses
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
OM digestibility horse - 100 %
Energy digestibility horse - 100 %
Horse Forage Unit 1.31 1.49 per kg -
Digestible crude protein horse 7 8 g/kg -
Rabbits
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE rabbit (kcal) 3330 3780 kcal/kg -
ME rabbit (kcal) 3310 3750 kcal/kg -
DE rabbit (MJ) 13.9 15.8 MJ/kg -
ME rabbit (MJ) 13.8 15.7 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility rabbit - 90.3 %
N digestibility rabbit - 100 %
Fish
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE salmonids (kcal) 3140 3560 kcal/kg -
DE salmonids (MJ) 13.1 14.9 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility, salmonids - 85 %
N digestibility salmonids - 80 %
Amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine 0.2 0.2 g/kg 3.1 g/16g N 1 1 0.3 2.4-3.8 147
Threonine 0.3 0.3 g/kg 3.7 g/16g N 0.2 3-4.2 145
Methionine 0.1 0.2 g/kg 2.1 g/16g N 0.2 1.4-2.8 148
Cystine 0.2 0.2 g/kg 2.5 g/16g N 0.2 1.8-2.7 138
Methionine + cystine 0.3 0.4 g/kg 4.6 g/16g N
Tryptophan 0.04 0.05 g/kg 0.7 g/16g N 0.06 0.5-0.9 123
Isoleucine 0.2 0.3 g/kg 3.7 g/16g N 0.2 3-4.4 145
Valine 0.3 0.4 g/kg 5 g/16g N 0.3 4.2-5.8 145
Leucine 0.8 0.9 g/kg 12.2 g/16g N 0.8 9.7-14.1 144
Phenylalanine 0.3 0.4 g/kg 4.8 g/16g N 0.3 3.7-5.6 146
Tyrosine 0.3 0.3 g/kg 4.2 g/16g N 0.3 2.5-4.6 103
Phenylalanine + tyrosine 0.6 0.7 g/kg 9 g/16g N
Histidine 0.2 0.2 g/kg 2.9 g/16g N 0.2 2.4-3.5 146
Arginine 0.3 0.4 g/kg 4.8 g/16g N 0.3 3.8-5.6 148
Alanine 0.5 0.6 g/kg 7.4 g/16g N 0.4 5.9-9.1 143
Aspartic acid 0.4 0.5 g/kg 6.5 g/16g N 0.4 5.7-8.5 146
Glutamic acid 1.2 1.4 g/kg 18.5 g/16g N 1.1 13.7-20.9 145
Glycine 0.3 0.3 g/kg 3.9 g/16g N 0.3 3.2-4.8 145
Serine 0.3 0.4 g/kg 5 g/16g N 0.3 3.6-6.3 140
Proline 0.6 0.7 g/kg 9.2 g/16g N 0.5 7-9.7 136
Pigs, amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine, ileal standardised, pig 0.2 0.2 g/kg 80 % 7 64-87 20
Threonine, ileal standardised, pig 0.2 0.2 g/kg 83 % 7 60-91 20
Methionine, ileal standardised, pig 0.1 0.1 g/kg 91 % 5 73-96 19
Cystine, ileal standardised, pig 0.1 0.2 g/kg 89 % 6 73-94 16
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig 0.3 0.3 g/kg 90 %
Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig 0.04 0.04 g/kg 80 % 7 76-99 10
Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig 0.2 0.2 g/kg 88 % 5 75-93 20
Valine, ileal standardised, pig 0.3 0.3 g/kg 87 % 5 74-94 20
Leucine, ileal standardised, pig 0.8 0.9 g/kg 93 % 5 80-96 20
Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig 0.3 0.3 g/kg 91 % 4 80-95 19
Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 0.3 0.3 g/kg 90 % 5 79-94 17
Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 0.5 0.6 g/kg 91 %
Histidine, ileal standardised, pig 0.2 0.2 g/kg 89 % 5 75-94 19
Arginine, ileal standardised, pig 0.3 0.3 g/kg 91 % 4 78-95 20
Alanine, ileal standardised, pig 0.4 0.5 g/kg 89 % 4 79-95 18
Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig 0.4 0.4 g/kg 87 % 6 72-94 18
Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig 1.1 1.3 g/kg 93 % 3 84-96 18
Glycine, ileal standardised, pig 0.2 0.2 g/kg 82 % 9 58-93 16
Serine, ileal standardised, pig 0.3 0.3 g/kg 89 % 5 74-96 18
Proline, ileal standardised, pig 0.5 0.6 g/kg 89 % 5 79-97 9
Poultry, amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.2 0.2 g/kg 90 % 6 71-99 16
Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.2 0.2 g/kg 83 % 7 69-93 16
Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.1 0.2 g/kg 94 % 3 88-100 16
Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.1 0.2 g/kg 86 % 6 75-94 16
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.3 0.3 g/kg 90 %
Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry 0.04 0.04 g/kg 85 %
Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.2 0.3 g/kg 93 % 5 79-100 16
Valine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.3 0.3 g/kg 90 % 5 76-99 16
Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.8 0.9 g/kg 94 % 3 86-97 16
Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.3 0.3 g/kg 93 % 5 83-100 16
Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.2 0.3 g/kg 88 % 4 82-95 12
Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.5 0.6 g/kg 91 %
Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.2 0.2 g/kg 90 % 3 86-97 16
Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.3 0.3 g/kg 93 % 3 86-96 16
Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.5 0.5 g/kg 93 % 3 85-97 15
Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 0.4 0.4 g/kg 89 % 6 78-97 15
Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 1.2 1.3 g/kg 95 % 3 90-100 15
Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.2 0.3 g/kg 86 % 5 77-90 9
Serine, ileal standardized, poultry 0.3 0.3 g/kg 91 % 6 79-100 16
Proline, ileal standardized, poultry 0.6 0.6 g/kg 91 % 3 84-96 13
Origin France, ex factory
Environmental impact
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Cumulative energy demand (non-renewable: fossil+nuclear) 13.78 15.63 MJ/kg -
Phosphorus consumption 4.72 5.35 g P/kg -
Climate change (ILCD) 1116 1266 g CO2eq/kg -
Acidification (ILCD) 0.0227 0.0257 mol H+eq/kg -
Eutrophication (CML baseline) 96.76 110 g PO4---eq/kg -
Land competition (CML non baseline) 0.0004 0.0005 m²yr/kg -
CSVXLSXXML