Whey powder, acid

Dried byproduct of the manufacturing of soft or fresh cheese. Whey is the liquid that separates from the curd.

Values

Main constituents
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Dry matter 97.1 100 % - 1.3 92.6 -98.9 171 1.9
Crude protein 9 9.3 % - 1.5 6.5 -14.1 197 1.5 6.6 -14.4 161
Crude fibre 0 0 % - 0.1 0 -0.3 5 0 -0.3 4
Crude fat 1.2 1.3 % - 0.4 0.1 -1.4 7
Ash 11.1 11.5 % - 1.2 5.9 -13.7 213 1.3 6.1 -14.5 179
Insoluble ash 0.5 0.5 % -
NDF 0 0 % -
ADF 0 0 % -
Lignin 0 0 % -
Water insoluble cell walls 0 0 % -
Starch 0 0 % - 1 0 -6.8 2
Starch, enzymatic method 0 0 % -
Total sugars 64.2 66.2 % - 1
Lactose 64.2 66.2 % - 4.6 52.6 -75.9 116 4.7 54.6 -77.9 109
Gross energy (kcal) 3550 3650 kcal/kg - 120 3460 -3760 7
Gross energy (MJ) 14.8 15.3 MJ/kg - 0.5 14.5 -15.7 7
Mineral elements
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Calcium 13.9 14.3 g/kg - 2.6 7.5 -20.3 76 2.6 8.4 -21.3 68
Phosphorus 9.7 10 g/kg - 1.4 6 -14.3 66 1.4 6.2 -14.6 58
Phytate phosphorus 0 0 g/kg 0 % P
Magnesium 1.5 1.5 g/kg -
Potassium 20.8 21.4 g/kg - 2 19.6 -27.9 17 2 20.2 -28.6 17
Sodium 7.25 7.47 g/kg - 1.1 4.8 -18.5 208 1.13 4.94 -11.02 198
Chlorine 20.1 20.7 g/kg - 8.3 1.5 -45.7 245 8.5 1.6 -46.9 235
Sulfur 4.7 4.8 g/kg -
Dietary cation-anion difference -12 -13 mEq/kg -
Electrolyte balance 281 290 mEq/kg -
Manganese 1 1 mg/kg - 1
Zinc 63 65 mg/kg - 1
Copper 2 2 mg/kg -
Iron 9 9 mg/kg -
Selenium 0.2 0.2 mg/kg -
Cobalt 0.1 0.1 mg/kg -
Molybdenum 5 5 mg/kg -
Fatty acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids 0.5 0.5 g/kg 3.9 % FA 1
C12:0 lauric acid 0.4 0.4 g/kg 3.3 % FA 1
C14:0 myristic acid 1.3 1.3 g/kg 10.8 % FA 1
C16:0 palmitic acid 3.4 3.5 g/kg 29.3 % FA 1
C16:1 palmitoleic acid 0.3 0.3 g/kg 2.7 % FA 1
C18:0 stearic acid 1.5 1.5 g/kg 12.8 % FA 1
C18:1 oleic acid 2.5 2.6 g/kg 21.7 % FA 1
C18:2 linoleic acid 0.5 0.5 g/kg 4 % FA 1
C18:3 linolenic acid 0.1 0.1 g/kg 1 % FA 1
C18:4 stearidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:0 arachidic acid 0.05 0.05 g/kg 0.4 % FA 1
C20:1 eicosenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:4 arachidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:0 behenic acid 0.1 0.1 g/kg 1.1 % FA 1
C22:1 erucic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C24:0 lignoceric acid 0.09 0.1 g/kg 0.8 % FA 1
Fatty acids 1.2 1.2 % 95 % fat
Vitamins and pigments
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Vitamin A 0.6 0.6 1000 IU/kg -
Vitamin D 0 0 1000 IU/kg -
Vitamin E 0 0 mg/kg -
Vitamin K 0 0 mg/kg -
Vitamin B1 thiamin 6.2 6.4 mg/kg -
Vitamin B2 riboflavin 20.6 21.2 mg/kg -
Vitamin B6 pyridoxine 6.2 6.4 mg/kg -
Vitamin B12 25 25.75 µg/kg -
Niacin 11.6 11.9 mg/kg -
Pantothenic acid 56.3 58 mg/kg -
Folic acid 0.6 0.7 mg/kg -
Biotin 0.4 0.4 mg/kg -
Vitamin C 9 9.3 mg/kg -
Choline 2250 2318 mg/kg -
Ruminants
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
UFL INRA 2018 1 1.03 per kg -
UFV INRA 2018 1.03 1.06 per kg -
PDIA INRA 2018 11 11 g/kg -
PDI INRA 2018 72 74 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance INRA 2018 -30 -31 g/kg -
Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018 0.037 0.038 per kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 2610 2690 kcal/kg -
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 1770 1820 kcal/kg -
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 1810 1860 kcal/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 11 11.4 MJ/kg -
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 7.5 7.7 MJ/kg -
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 7.6 7.9 MJ/kg -
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 92.6 %
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 87 %
N degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 87 %
Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 0 %
DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 89 %
Lysine ruminants INRA 2018 - 8.1 % PDI
Threonine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.6 % PDI
Methionine ruminants INRA 2018 - 2.2 % PDI
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.7 % PDI
Valine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.8 % PDI
Leucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 8.5 % PDI
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.9 % PDI
Histidine ruminants INRA 2018 - 2 % PDI
Arginine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.5 % PDI
UFL FL1 INRA 2018 1.02 1.05 per kg -
UFV FL1 INRA 2018 1.04 1.07 per kg -
PDIA FL1 INRA 2018 9 9 g/kg -
PDI FL1 INRA 2018 71 73 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018 -30 -31 g/kg -
UFL FL4 INRA 2018 0.98 1.01 per kg -
UFV FL4 INRA 2018 0.99 1.02 per kg -
PDIA FL4 INRA 2018 14 15 g/kg -
PDI FL4 INRA 2018 75 77 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018 -33 -34 g/kg -
UFL INRA 2007 1.05 1.08 per kg -
UFV INRA 2007 1.07 1.1 per kg -
PDIA INRA 2007 5 5 g/kg -
PDIN INRA 2007 54 56 g/kg -
PDIE INRA 2007 79 81 g/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal) 2730 2810 kcal/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ) 11.4 11.8 MJ/kg -
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 94 %
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 91.1 %
N digestibility ruminants - 71.2 %
N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants - 95 %
NDF digestibility ruminants - 0 %
N degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 95 %
Immediately degradable N (a) - 90 %
Potentially degradable N (b) - 10 %
Degradation rate of particles N (c) - 0.05 h-1
Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06) - 0 %
DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 95 %
Fatty acids digestibility ruminants - 61.9 %
Absorbable P ruminants 8 8.3 g/kg 83 % P
Absorbable Ca ruminants 7.6 7.9 g/kg 55 % Ca
Lysine ruminants INRA 2007 - 7.8 % PDIE
Threonine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.4 % PDIE
Methionine ruminants INRA 2007 - 2 % PDIE
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.6 % PDIE
Valine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.9 % PDIE
Leucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 8.3 % PDIE
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5 % PDIE
Histidine ruminants INRA 2007 - 1.9 % PDIE
Arginine ruminants INRA 2007 - 4.6 % PDIE
VEM CVB 2018 1044 1076 per kg -
VEVI CVB 2018 1172 1207 per kg -
DVE CVB 1991 74 76 g/kg -
OEB CVB 1991 -34 -35 g/kg -
DVLYS CVB 1991 5.8 6 g/kg -
DVMET CVB 1991 1.9 1.9 g/kg -
TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001 78.6 80.9 % -
DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001 3.44 3.54 Mcal/kg -
NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.75 1.8 Mcal/kg -
NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001 1.65 1.7 Mcal/kg -
NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.9 1.95 Mcal/kg -
NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.27 1.31 Mcal/kg -
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 25% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 5 %
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 50% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 6 %
EN Lactation ruminants GfE 7.4 7.6 MJ/kg -
nxP ruminants GfE 137 141 g/kg -
RNB ruminants GfE -7 -8 g/kg -
Pigs
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE growing pig (kcal) 3450 3560 kcal/kg -
ME growing pig (kcal) 3360 3460 kcal/kg -
NE growing pig (kcal) 2710 2790 kcal/kg -
DE adult pig (kcal) 3450 3560 kcal/kg -
ME adult pig (kcal) 3350 3450 kcal/kg -
NE adult pig (kcal) 2710 2790 kcal/kg -
DE growing pig (MJ) 14.4 14.9 MJ/kg -
ME growing pig (MJ) 14 14.5 MJ/kg -
NE growing pig (MJ) 11.3 11.7 MJ/kg -
DE adult pig (MJ) 14.4 14.9 MJ/kg -
ME adult pig (MJ) 14 14.4 MJ/kg -
NE adult pig (MJ) 11.3 11.7 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility growing pig - 97.3 %
Energy digestibility adult pig - 97.3 %
OM digestibility growing pig - 98.9 %
OM digestibility adult pig - 98.9 %
N digestibility growing pig - 95 %
N digestibility adult pig - 95 %
N digestibility ileal standardised pig - 81 %
Crude fat digestibility pig - 88 %
Digestible P pig (no phytase) 8.7 9 g/kg 90 %
Digestible P pig (with phytase) 8.7 9 g/kg 90 %
Poultry
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
AMEn cockerel (kcal) 1890 1940 kcal/kg - 1
AMEn broiler (kcal) 1890 1940 kcal/kg -
AMEn cockerel (MJ) 7.9 8.1 MJ/kg - 1
AMEn broiler (MJ) 7.9 8.1 MJ/kg -
Available P cockerel 8.2 8.5 g/kg 85 % P
Available P broiler 8.2 8.5 g/kg 85 % P
Rabbits
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE rabbit (kcal) 3180 3270 kcal/kg -
ME rabbit (kcal) 3100 3200 kcal/kg -
DE rabbit (MJ) 13.3 13.7 MJ/kg -
ME rabbit (MJ) 13 13.4 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility rabbit - 89.6 %
N digestibility rabbit - 56.5 %
Fish
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE salmonids (kcal) 3070 3160 kcal/kg -
DE salmonids (MJ) 12.8 13.2 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility, salmonids - 86.4 %
N digestibility salmonids - 88.2 %
Amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine 6.7 6.9 g/kg 7.5 g/16g N 1.6 4.2 -9.3 18 4.5 -9.9 3 0.9 5.4-8.3 18
Threonine 4.9 5 g/kg 5.4 g/16g N 1.1 3.4 -7 18 3.9 -7.2 3 0.7 3.7-6.4 18
Methionine 1.3 1.3 g/kg 1.4 g/16g N 0.3 0.6 -1.5 18 0.6 -1.5 3
Cystine 1.6 1.7 g/kg 1.8 g/16g N 0.6 0.5 -2.3 18 0.5 -2.4 3 0.5 0.7-2.3 18
Methionine + cystine 2.9 3 g/kg 3.2 g/16g N 0.8 1 -3.7 18 1.1 -3.9 3 0.6 1.4-3.7 18
Tryptophan 1.2 1.3 g/kg 1.4 g/16g N 0.5 0.4 -1.9 18 0.4 -1.8 3 0.4 0.5-2.1 18
Isoleucine 4.6 4.8 g/kg 5.1 g/16g N 0.8 3 -6.1 18 3.4 -6.2 3 0.5 3.6-5.5 18
Valine 4.4 4.5 g/kg 4.8 g/16g N 0.9 2.5 -5.5 18 2.6 -5.6 3 0.5 3.4-5.3 18
Leucine 7.1 7.3 g/kg 7.9 g/16g N 2.1 3 -9.3 18 3.2 -9.5 3 1.7 4.2-9.8 18
Phenylalanine 2.4 2.5 g/kg 2.7 g/16g N 0.5 1.1 -3 18 1.2 -3.2 3 0.4 1.6-3 18
Tyrosine 1.2 1.2 g/kg 1.3 g/16g N 0.5 1.1 -2.3 7
Phenylalanine + tyrosine 3.6 3.7 g/kg 4 g/16g N 0.9 2.9 -4.9 7 0.7 3.9-5.7 7
Histidine 1.7 1.8 g/kg 1.9 g/16g N 0.7 1.1 -4.2 18 1.5 -4.5 3 0.4 1.5-3.2 18
Arginine 1.8 1.9 g/kg 2 g/16g N 0.5 0.5 -2.4 18 0.5 -2.1 3 0.5 0.7-2.8 18
Alanine 3.6 3.7 g/kg 4 g/16g N 0.9 1.9 -5.2 17 2 -5.5 3 0.5 2.6-4.6 17
Aspartic acid 7.8 8.1 g/kg 8.7 g/16g N 1.8 4.7 -10.5 17 4.9 -11.2 3 0.9 6.4-9.4 17
Glutamic acid 13.2 13.6 g/kg 14.7 g/16g N 2.2 9.8 -17.6 17 12.4 -18.7 3 1 12.7-16.2 17
Glycine 1.7 1.7 g/kg 1.8 g/16g N 0.4 1 -2.3 17 1 -2.4 3 0.2 1.3-2.1 17
Serine 3.7 3.8 g/kg 4.1 g/16g N 0.7 2.7 -5.1 17 3 -5.4 3 0.3 3.4-4.5 17
Proline 3.2 3.3 g/kg 3.6 g/16g N 1
Pigs, amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine, ileal standardised, pig 6 6.2 g/kg 89 %
Threonine, ileal standardised, pig 4.2 4.3 g/kg 85 %
Methionine, ileal standardised, pig 1.2 1.2 g/kg 92 %
Cystine, ileal standardised, pig 1.4 1.5 g/kg 88 %
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig 2.6 2.7 g/kg 90 %
Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig 1.1 1.1 g/kg 87 % 1
Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig 4.1 4.2 g/kg 88 %
Valine, ileal standardised, pig 3.8 3.9 g/kg 87 %
Leucine, ileal standardised, pig 6.4 6.6 g/kg 91 %
Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig 2.2 2.3 g/kg 90 %
Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 1.1 1.1 g/kg 90 % 1
Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 3.2 3.3 g/kg 90 % 1
Histidine, ileal standardised, pig 1.6 1.6 g/kg 91 %
Arginine, ileal standardised, pig 1.6 1.7 g/kg 88 %
Alanine, ileal standardised, pig 3.1 3.2 g/kg 84 %
Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig 7 7.2 g/kg 89 %
Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig 12.1 12.4 g/kg 91 %
Glycine, ileal standardised, pig 1.2 1.3 g/kg 75 % 1
Serine, ileal standardised, pig 3 3.1 g/kg 81 %
Proline, ileal standardised, pig 2.8 2.9 g/kg 87 %
Poultry, amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry 6.3 6.5 g/kg 94 %
Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry 4.3 4.4 g/kg 88 %
Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.2 1.3 g/kg 97 %
Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.4 1.4 g/kg 86 %
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.6 2.7 g/kg 91 %
Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry 1.1 1.2 g/kg 90 %
Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry 4.2 4.3 g/kg 90 %
Valine, ileal standardized, poultry 3.9 4 g/kg 90 %
Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry 6.4 6.6 g/kg 90 %
Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.2 2.2 g/kg 90 %
Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.1 1.1 g/kg 90 %
Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 3.2 3.3 g/kg 90 %
Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.5 1.6 g/kg 89 %
Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.6 1.7 g/kg 89 %
Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry 3.4 3.5 g/kg 93 %
Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 7 7.2 g/kg 89 %
Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 11.6 12 g/kg 88 %
Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.5 1.5 g/kg 90 %
Serine, ileal standardized, poultry 3.2 3.3 g/kg 88 %
Proline, ileal standardized, poultry 2.8 2.9 g/kg 86 %
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