Byproduct of oil manufacture obtained after extraction from the dried kernels (copra) of the coconut fruit (Cocos nucifera L.). This product has a high content in residual oil and results from mechanical pressure only. Other names: coconut meal, coconut oil meal.
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dry matter | 91.6 | 100 | % | - | 2 | 83.1 -98 | 272 | 3.1 | ||||||
Crude protein | 20.5 | 22.4 | % | - | 1.8 | 10.1 -25.6 | 273 | 1.8 | 10.9 -27.4 | 295 | ||||
Crude fibre | 12.9 | 14.1 | % | - | 2.6 | 7.3 -22.7 | 268 | 2.8 | 5.2 -23.2 | 279 | ||||
Crude fat | 9.3 | 10.1 | % | - | 3 | 4.6 -19.2 | 172 | 3.3 | 5.2 -21.6 | 181 | ||||
Ash | 6.2 | 6.8 | % | - | 0.8 | 3.1 -8.6 | 234 | 0.8 | 3.3 -11.9 | 258 | ||||
Insoluble ash | 0.4 | 0.4 | % | - | 0.3 | 0.02 -0.8 | 17 | 0.4 | 0.02 -1.5 | 21 | ||||
NDF | 49.3 | 53.8 | % | - | 5.8 | 41.4 -62 | 22 | 6.2 | 35.9 -67.3 | 40 | ||||
ADF | 25.5 | 27.8 | % | - | 4.1 | 21.5 -39.4 | 18 | 4.5 | 23.2 -42.7 | 30 | ||||
Lignin | 5.9 | 6.4 | % | - | 2.1 | 3.3 -12.5 | 109 | 2.3 | 2.8 -13.7 | 121 | ||||
Water insoluble cell walls | 39.8 | 43.4 | % | - | 8.7 | 41.8 -63.6 | 5 | |||||||
Starch | 0.3 | 0.4 | % | - | 0.6 | 0 -1.4 | 5 | 0.7 | 0 -1.5 | 5 | ||||
Starch, enzymatic method | 0.8 | 0.9 | % | - | 1 | 0.7 -1 | 2 | |||||||
Total sugars | 10.1 | 11.1 | % | - | 1.9 | 7.2 -14.3 | 10 | 2.1 | 7.8 -15.8 | 11 | ||||
Gross energy (kcal) | 4420 | 4830 | kcal/kg | - | 400 | 3940 -5130 | 19 | 420 | 4320 -5810 | 24 | ||||
Gross energy (MJ) | 18.5 | 20.2 | MJ/kg | - | 1.7 | 16.5 -21.5 | 19 | 1.8 | 18.1 -24.3 | 24 |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Calcium | 1.2 | 1.3 | g/kg | - | 0.7 | 0.4 -2.5 | 51 | 0.8 | 0.4 -4.5 | 57 | ||||
Phosphorus | 5.2 | 5.7 | g/kg | - | 0.9 | 2.5 -6.7 | 53 | 1 | 2.7 -8.9 | 60 | ||||
Phytate phosphorus | 2.6 | 2.9 | g/kg | 50 | % P | 2.6 -3.3 | 2 | 45-56 | 2 | |||||
Magnesium | 2.8 | 3 | g/kg | - | 0.4 | 1.8 -3.7 | 26 | 0.4 | 2 -4 | 28 | ||||
Potassium | 18 | 19.7 | g/kg | - | 4 | 2.2 -22.5 | 27 | 4.3 | 2.4 -24.4 | 27 | ||||
Sodium | 0.4 | 0.44 | g/kg | - | 0.27 | 0.06 -0.7 | 6 | 0.3 | 0.06 -0.77 | 6 | ||||
Chlorine | 6.2 | 6.7 | g/kg | - | 6.7 -6.8 | 2 | ||||||||
Sulfur | 2.7 | 3 | g/kg | - | ||||||||||
Dietary cation-anion difference | 135 | 148 | mEq/kg | - | ||||||||||
Electrolyte balance | 305 | 333 | mEq/kg | - | ||||||||||
Manganese | 72 | 79 | mg/kg | - | 33 | 37 -117 | 8 | 36 | 43 -128 | 8 | ||||
Zinc | 69 | 75 | mg/kg | - | 47 | 41 -93 | 8 | 51 | 45 -214 | 10 | ||||
Copper | 30 | 33 | mg/kg | - | 4 | 27 -40 | 9 | 5 | 26 -44 | 11 | ||||
Iron | 919 | 1004 | mg/kg | - | 1039 | 553 -2793 | 3 | 1134 | 63 -2964 | 5 | ||||
Cobalt | 0.2 | 0.2 | mg/kg | - | 0.08 -0.3 | 3 | 0.09 -0.3 | 3 | ||||||
Molybdenum | 0.6 | 0.7 | mg/kg | - | ||||||||||
Iodine | 1 | 1 | mg/kg | - |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids | 10.6 | 11.6 | g/kg | 12.7 | % FA | |||||||||
C12:0 lauric acid | 37.7 | 41.2 | g/kg | 45.2 | % FA | 45.1-45.2 | 3 | |||||||
C14:0 myristic acid | 15.9 | 17.4 | g/kg | 19 | % FA | 18.6-19.4 | 3 | |||||||
C16:0 palmitic acid | 8.5 | 9.3 | g/kg | 10.2 | % FA | 9.9-10.5 | 3 | |||||||
C16:1 palmitoleic acid | 0 | 0 | g/kg | 0 | % FA | |||||||||
C18:0 stearic acid | 2.7 | 3 | g/kg | 3.2 | % FA | 3.2-3.3 | 3 | |||||||
C18:1 oleic acid | 6.4 | 7 | g/kg | 7.6 | % FA | 7.5-7.7 | 3 | |||||||
C18:2 linoleic acid | 1.5 | 1.7 | g/kg | 1.8 | % FA | 1.8-1.9 | 3 | |||||||
C18:3 linolenic acid | 0.08 | 0.09 | g/kg | 0.1 | % FA | 0.1-0.1 | 3 | |||||||
C18:4 stearidonic acid | 0 | 0 | g/kg | 0 | % FA | |||||||||
C20:0 arachidic acid | 0.08 | 0.09 | g/kg | 0.1 | % FA | 0.1-0.1 | 2 | |||||||
C20:1 eicosenoic acid | 0 | 0 | g/kg | 0 | % FA | |||||||||
C20:4 arachidonic acid | 0 | 0 | g/kg | 0 | % FA | |||||||||
C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid | 0 | 0 | g/kg | 0 | % FA | |||||||||
C22:0 behenic acid | 0 | 0 | g/kg | 0 | % FA | |||||||||
C22:1 erucic acid | 0 | 0 | g/kg | 0 | % FA | |||||||||
C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid | 0 | 0 | g/kg | 0 | % FA | |||||||||
C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid | 0 | 0 | g/kg | 0 | % FA | |||||||||
C24:0 lignoceric acid | 0 | 0 | g/kg | 0 | % FA | |||||||||
Fatty acids | 8.4 | 9.1 | % | 90 | % fat |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Vitamin D | 0 | 0 | 1000 IU/kg | - | ||||||||||
Vitamin E | 7.7 | 8.4 | mg/kg | - | ||||||||||
Vitamin B1 thiamin | 0.7 | 0.8 | mg/kg | - | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Vitamin B2 riboflavin | 3.5 | 3.8 | mg/kg | - | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Vitamin B6 pyridoxine | 4.4 | 4.8 | mg/kg | - | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Niacin | 27.9 | 30.4 | mg/kg | - | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Pantothenic acid | 6.5 | 7.1 | mg/kg | - | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Folic acid | 0.3 | 0.3 | mg/kg | - | ||||||||||
Biotin | 0.2 | 0.3 | mg/kg | - | ||||||||||
Choline | 1084 | 1184 | mg/kg | - |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DE growing pig (kcal) | 3320 | 3620 | kcal/kg | - | 220 | 3020 -3630 | 7 | |||||||
ME growing pig (kcal) | 3130 | 3420 | kcal/kg | - | ||||||||||
NE growing pig (kcal) | 2050 | 2240 | kcal/kg | - | ||||||||||
DE adult pig (kcal) | 3450 | 3770 | kcal/kg | - | ||||||||||
ME adult pig (kcal) | 3200 | 3490 | kcal/kg | - | ||||||||||
NE adult pig (kcal) | 2150 | 2350 | kcal/kg | - | ||||||||||
DE growing pig (MJ) | 13.9 | 15.2 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
ME growing pig (MJ) | 13.1 | 14.3 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
NE growing pig (MJ) | 8.6 | 9.4 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
DE adult pig (MJ) | 14.5 | 15.8 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
ME adult pig (MJ) | 13.4 | 14.6 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
NE adult pig (MJ) | 9 | 9.8 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
Energy digestibility growing pig | - | 75 | % | 9.6 | 60-85.4 | 5 | ||||||||
Energy digestibility adult pig | - | 78.1 | % | |||||||||||
OM digestibility growing pig | - | 77.6 | % | 71-78.7 | 4 | |||||||||
OM digestibility adult pig | - | 80.8 | % | |||||||||||
N digestibility growing pig | - | 70.9 | % | 9.9 | 50.2-77.5 | 9 | ||||||||
N digestibility adult pig | - | 74.9 | % | |||||||||||
Crude fat digestibility pig | - | 64.5 | % | |||||||||||
Digestible P pig (no phytase) | 1.6 | 1.8 | g/kg | 31 | % | 1 | ||||||||
Digestible P pig (with phytase) | 2.4 | 2.7 | g/kg | 47 | % |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AMEn cockerel (kcal) | 1880 | 2060 | kcal/kg | - | ||||||||||
AMEn broiler (kcal) | 1790 | 1950 | kcal/kg | - | 1780 -2390 | 2 | ||||||||
AMEn cockerel (MJ) | 7.9 | 8.6 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
AMEn broiler (MJ) | 7.5 | 8.2 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
Available P cockerel | 1.3 | 1.4 | g/kg | 25 | % P | |||||||||
Available P broiler | 1.3 | 1.4 | g/kg | 25 | % P |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OM digestibility horse | - | 69.4 | % | |||||||||||
Energy digestibility horse | - | 66.9 | % | |||||||||||
Horse Forage Unit | 0.69 | 0.76 | per kg | - | ||||||||||
Digestible crude protein horse | 139 | 152 | g/kg | - |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DE rabbit (kcal) | 2580 | 2820 | kcal/kg | - | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
ME rabbit (kcal) | 2440 | 2660 | kcal/kg | - | ||||||||||
DE rabbit (MJ) | 10.8 | 11.8 | MJ/kg | - | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
ME rabbit (MJ) | 10.2 | 11.1 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
Energy digestibility rabbit | - | 58.4 | % | 1 | ||||||||||
N digestibility rabbit | - | 56.9 | % | 1 |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DE salmonids (kcal) | 2670 | 2920 | kcal/kg | - | ||||||||||
DE salmonids (MJ) | 11.2 | 12.2 | MJ/kg | - | ||||||||||
Energy digestibility, salmonids | - | 60.4 | % | |||||||||||
N digestibility salmonids | - | 84.9 | % |
Parameter | As fed | On DM | Unit | Other | Unit | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count | SD | Range | Count |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lysine | 5.5 | 6 | g/kg | 2.7 | g/16g N | 0.5 | 4.7 -6.6 | 10 | 0.6 | 5.3 -7.2 | 10 | 0.2 | 2.3-3 | 10 |
Threonine | 6.6 | 7.3 | g/kg | 3.2 | g/16g N | 0.9 | 5.9 -8.4 | 6 | 1 | 6.3 -9.3 | 7 | 0.4 | 2.8-3.9 | 7 |
Methionine | 2.8 | 3.1 | g/kg | 1.4 | g/16g N | 0.5 | 2.3 -3.7 | 6 | 0.5 | 2.6 -4.1 | 7 | 0.3 | 1-1.8 | 7 |
Cystine | 2.8 | 3 | g/kg | 1.4 | g/16g N | 0.4 | 2.1 -3.2 | 4 | 0.4 | 2.4 -3.5 | 5 | 0.2 | 0.9-1.4 | 5 |
Methionine + cystine | 5.6 | 6.1 | g/kg | 2.7 | g/16g N | 0.7 | 4.4 -6.1 | 4 | 0.7 | 5 -6.8 | 5 | 0.4 | 2-2.9 | 5 |
Tryptophan | 2.7 | 3 | g/kg | 1.3 | g/16g N | 2 -3.4 | 2 | 2.2 -3.7 | 2 | 1-1.3 | 2 | |||
Isoleucine | 6.2 | 6.8 | g/kg | 3 | g/16g N | 1 | 5.3 -8.1 | 5 | 1.1 | 5.7 -9 | 6 | 0.3 | 2.8-3.7 | 6 |
Valine | 9.6 | 10.5 | g/kg | 4.7 | g/16g N | 0.8 | 8.9 -10.5 | 5 | 0.9 | 9.9 -12 | 6 | 0.3 | 4.3-5.1 | 6 |
Leucine | 12.6 | 13.7 | g/kg | 6.1 | g/16g N | 1.8 | 11.6 -15.9 | 6 | 2 | 12.4 -17.6 | 7 | 0.6 | 5.7-7.3 | 7 |
Phenylalanine | 8.3 | 9.1 | g/kg | 4.1 | g/16g N | 1.1 | 7.8 -10.3 | 5 | 1.1 | 8.3 -11.4 | 6 | 0.4 | 3.8-4.7 | 6 |
Tyrosine | 4.2 | 4.5 | g/kg | 2 | g/16g N | 0.6 | 3.8 -5.4 | 5 | 0.7 | 4 -5.8 | 5 | 0.4 | 1.9-2.8 | 5 |
Phenylalanine + tyrosine | 12.5 | 13.6 | g/kg | 6.1 | g/16g N | 1.5 | 11.6 -14.8 | 5 | 1.6 | 12.4 -16.4 | 5 | 0.6 | 5.7-7.3 | 5 |
Histidine | 4 | 4.4 | g/kg | 2 | g/16g N | 0.8 | 3.6 -5.7 | 5 | 0.9 | 3.8 -6.3 | 6 | 0.3 | 1.8-2.6 | 6 |
Arginine | 21.7 | 23.6 | g/kg | 10.6 | g/16g N | 3.8 | 19.6 -30.5 | 5 | 4.1 | 21.8 -33.8 | 6 | 1.6 | 9.4-14.1 | 6 |
Alanine | 8.1 | 8.8 | g/kg | 4 | g/16g N | 1.1 | 8.7 -11.5 | 6 | 0.3 | 3.9-4.8 | 6 | |||
Aspartic acid | 15.6 | 17.1 | g/kg | 7.6 | g/16g N | 2.3 | 15 -19.9 | 5 | 2.4 | 16.1 -22 | 6 | 0.6 | 7.4-9.2 | 6 |
Glutamic acid | 37.2 | 40.6 | g/kg | 18.2 | g/16g N | 6.2 | 34.8 -46.7 | 5 | 6.7 | 37.1 -51.7 | 6 | 2 | 16.6-21.5 | 6 |
Glycine | 8.4 | 9.1 | g/kg | 4.1 | g/16g N | 0.8 | 8.2 -9.4 | 4 | 0.8 | 8.7 -10.7 | 5 | 0.1 | 4-4.3 | 5 |
Serine | 9.2 | 10 | g/kg | 4.5 | g/16g N | 1.4 | 8.4 -12 | 5 | 1.5 | 8.9 -13.3 | 6 | 0.5 | 4.1-5.5 | 6 |
Proline | 6.9 | 7.6 | g/kg | 3.4 | g/16g N | 6.9 -7.1 | 2 | 7.5 -7.9 | 3 | 3.4-3.6 | 3 |