Oat groats

Oat grain (Avena sativa L.) from which the hulls have been removed.

Values

Main constituents
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Dry matter 85.7 100 % - 1.1 83 -93 412 1
Crude protein 11 12.8 % - 1.5 8.7 -16.3 65 1.8 10.2 -17.9 63
Crude fibre 3.9 4.5 % - 1 1.8 -5.9 58 1.1 2 -6.9 58
Crude fat 2.6 3.1 % - 1.9 1 -7 46 2.2 1.2 -8.2 46
Ash 2.1 2.5 % - 0.3 1.4 -3.1 48 0.3 1.6 -3.5 49
Insoluble ash 1 1.2 % -
NDF 10.9 12.8 % - 1.2 7.7 -11.3 5
ADF 4.6 5.3 % -
Lignin 1.6 1.9 % -
Water insoluble cell walls 21 24.5 % -
Starch 52.7 61.5 % - 1.7 49.6 -58.4 54 1.8 57.9 -65.9 53
Starch, enzymatic method 50 58.3 % - 1
Total sugars 1.4 1.6 % - 1 1
Gross energy (kcal) 3850 4500 kcal/kg -
Gross energy (MJ) 16.1 18.8 MJ/kg -
Mineral elements
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Calcium 0.9 1 g/kg - 0.3 0.4 -1.2 5 0.5 -1.3 4
Phosphorus 2.9 3.4 g/kg - 0.6 2.8 -4.5 6 0.7 3.1 -5 5
Phytate phosphorus 1.6 1.9 g/kg 55 % P 1
Magnesium 0.9 1 g/kg -
Potassium 3.7 4.3 g/kg -
Sodium 0.07 0.08 g/kg - 1 1
Chlorine 0.7 0.8 g/kg -
Sulfur 1.6 1.8 g/kg -
Dietary cation-anion difference -19 -22 mEq/kg -
Electrolyte balance 78 91 mEq/kg -
Manganese 32 37 mg/kg - 1
Zinc 26 30 mg/kg - 1
Copper 3 3 mg/kg -
Iron 94 109 mg/kg -
Selenium 0.09 0.1 mg/kg -
Cobalt 0.01 0.01 mg/kg -
Molybdenum 0.2 0.2 mg/kg -
Fatty acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C12:0 lauric acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C14:0 myristic acid 0.08 0.1 g/kg 0.4 % FA 0.2-0.7 3
C16:0 palmitic acid 3.9 4.6 g/kg 16.5 % FA 1 1.3 14.9-18.9 8
C16:1 palmitoleic acid 0.05 0.06 g/kg 0.2 % FA 0.1-0.3 3
C18:0 stearic acid 0.3 0.3 g/kg 1.2 % FA 0.3 0.7-1.8 8
C18:1 oleic acid 9.1 10.7 g/kg 38.6 % FA 1 2.9 35-43.4 8
C18:2 linoleic acid 9.7 11.3 g/kg 40.9 % FA 1 4.2 36.2-47 8
C18:3 linolenic acid 0.4 0.4 g/kg 1.6 % FA 1 0.3 1-1.9 8
C18:4 stearidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:0 arachidic acid 0.02 0.03 g/kg 0.1 % FA 0.09-0.1 2
C20:1 eicosenoic acid 0.2 0.2 g/kg 0.8 % FA 0.8-0.8 2
C20:4 arachidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:0 behenic acid 0.01 0.02 g/kg 0.06 % FA 0.04-0.07 2
C22:1 erucic acid 0.02 0.02 g/kg 0.07 % FA 0.05-0.08 2
C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C24:0 lignoceric acid 0.06 0.06 g/kg 0.2 % FA 0.2-0.3 2
Fatty acids 2.4 2.8 % 90 % fat 4 86-95 5
Vitamins and pigments
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Vitamin A 0 0 1000 IU/kg -
Vitamin D 0 0 1000 IU/kg -
Vitamin E 12.6 14.7 mg/kg -
Vitamin K 0.5 0.6 mg/kg -
Vitamin B1 thiamin 5.1 6 mg/kg -
Vitamin B2 riboflavin 1.9 2.2 mg/kg -
Folic acid 1 1.2 mg/kg -
Biotin 0.8 0.9 mg/kg -
Choline 571 666 mg/kg -
Other parameters
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Viscosity, real applied - 4.2 mL/g
Phytase activity 40 40 IU/kg - 1
Ruminants
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
UFL INRA 2018 1 1.16 per kg -
UFV INRA 2018 1 1.16 per kg -
PDIA INRA 2018 22 25 g/kg -
PDI INRA 2018 71 83 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance INRA 2018 -6 -7 g/kg -
Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018 0.126 0.147 per kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 2640 3080 kcal/kg -
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 1750 2040 kcal/kg -
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 1750 2050 kcal/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 11.1 12.9 MJ/kg -
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 7.3 8.6 MJ/kg -
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 7.4 8.6 MJ/kg -
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 83 %
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 80.5 %
N degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 77 %
Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 88 %
DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 75 %
Lysine ruminants INRA 2018 - 6.9 % PDI
Threonine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5 % PDI
Methionine ruminants INRA 2018 - 2.1 % PDI
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.1 % PDI
Valine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.7 % PDI
Leucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 8.3 % PDI
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.2 % PDI
Histidine ruminants INRA 2018 - 2 % PDI
Arginine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.1 % PDI
UFL FL1 INRA 2018 1.01 1.18 per kg -
UFV FL1 INRA 2018 1.02 1.19 per kg -
PDIA FL1 INRA 2018 19 22 g/kg -
PDI FL1 INRA 2018 70 82 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018 -5 -6 g/kg -
UFL FL4 INRA 2018 0.96 1.12 per kg -
UFV FL4 INRA 2018 0.95 1.11 per kg -
PDIA FL4 INRA 2018 26 30 g/kg -
PDI FL4 INRA 2018 74 86 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018 -8 -10 g/kg -
UFL INRA 2007 0.98 1.14 per kg -
UFV INRA 2007 0.97 1.13 per kg -
PDIA INRA 2007 20 23 g/kg -
PDIN INRA 2007 69 81 g/kg -
PDIE INRA 2007 78 91 g/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal) 2630 3070 kcal/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ) 11 12.8 MJ/kg -
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 84.4 % 1
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 81.9 %
N digestibility ruminants - 68.3 % 1
N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants - 85 %
NDF digestibility ruminants - 68 %
N degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 81 %
Immediately degradable N (a) - 63 % 1
Potentially degradable N (b) - 29 % 1
Degradation rate of particles N (c) - 0.1 h-1 1
Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06) - 93 %
Immediately degradable starch (a) - 67 % 1
Potentially degradable starch (b) - 33 % 1
Degradation rate of particles starch (c) - 0.215 h-1 1
DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 80 %
Fatty acids digestibility ruminants - 71.6 %
Absorbable P ruminants 2.2 2.6 g/kg 75 % P
Absorbable Ca ruminants 0.5 0.6 g/kg 55 % Ca
Lysine ruminants INRA 2007 - 7.1 % PDIE
Threonine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.1 % PDIE
Methionine ruminants INRA 2007 - 2 % PDIE
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.3 % PDIE
Valine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.8 % PDIE
Leucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 8.2 % PDIE
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.2 % PDIE
Histidine ruminants INRA 2007 - 2 % PDIE
Arginine ruminants INRA 2007 - 4.9 % PDIE
VEM CVB 2018 976 1138 per kg -
VEVI CVB 2018 1058 1235 per kg -
DVE CVB 1991 68 80 g/kg -
OEB CVB 1991 -6 -8 g/kg -
DVLYS CVB 1991 4.7 5.5 g/kg -
DVMET CVB 1991 1.6 1.9 g/kg -
TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001 73.4 85.6 % -
DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001 3.23 3.76 Mcal/kg -
NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.67 1.95 Mcal/kg -
NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001 1.58 1.84 Mcal/kg -
NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.8 2.1 Mcal/kg -
NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.23 1.43 Mcal/kg -
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 25% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 18 %
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 50% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 20 %
EN Lactation ruminants GfE 6.9 8.1 MJ/kg -
nxP ruminants GfE 138 162 g/kg -
RNB ruminants GfE -5 -5 g/kg -
Pigs
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE growing pig (kcal) 3230 3770 kcal/kg - 1 1
ME growing pig (kcal) 3130 3650 kcal/kg -
NE growing pig (kcal) 2400 2800 kcal/kg -
DE adult pig (kcal) 3300 3850 kcal/kg -
ME adult pig (kcal) 3170 3700 kcal/kg -
NE adult pig (kcal) 2440 2840 kcal/kg -
DE growing pig (MJ) 13.5 15.8 MJ/kg - 1 1
ME growing pig (MJ) 13.1 15.3 MJ/kg -
NE growing pig (MJ) 10 11.7 MJ/kg -
DE adult pig (MJ) 13.8 16.1 MJ/kg -
ME adult pig (MJ) 13.3 15.5 MJ/kg -
NE adult pig (MJ) 10.2 11.9 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility growing pig - 83.9 % 1
Energy digestibility adult pig - 85.7 %
OM digestibility growing pig - 86.5 %
OM digestibility adult pig - 88.1 %
N digestibility growing pig - 90.1 % 1
N digestibility adult pig - 93.8 %
N digestibility ileal standardised pig - 79 % 1
Crude fat digestibility pig - 50.9 %
Digestible P pig (no phytase) 0.9 1.1 g/kg 32 %
Digestible P pig (with phytase) 1.4 1.6 g/kg 48 %
Poultry
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
AMEn cockerel (kcal) 2800 3270 kcal/kg - 1 1
AMEn broiler (kcal) 2670 3110 kcal/kg -
AMEn cockerel (MJ) 11.7 13.7 MJ/kg - 1 1
AMEn broiler (MJ) 11.2 13 MJ/kg -
Available P cockerel 0.6 0.7 g/kg 21 % P
Available P broiler 0.6 0.7 g/kg 21 % P
Horses
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
OM digestibility horse - 83.8 %
Energy digestibility horse - 80.6 %
Horse Forage Unit 1.01 1.18 per kg -
Digestible crude protein horse 77 90 g/kg -
Rabbits
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE rabbit (kcal) 3040 3550 kcal/kg -
ME rabbit (kcal) 2940 3430 kcal/kg -
DE rabbit (MJ) 12.7 14.9 MJ/kg -
ME rabbit (MJ) 12.3 14.3 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility rabbit - 79 %
N digestibility rabbit - 72.8 %
Fish
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE salmonids (kcal) 2030 2360 kcal/kg -
DE salmonids (MJ) 8.5 9.9 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility, salmonids - 52.6 %
N digestibility salmonids - 81.6 %
Amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine 4.6 5.3 g/kg 4.2 g/16g N 0.7 3.9 -6.4 6 0.8 4.5 -7 7
Threonine 3.8 4.5 g/kg 3.5 g/16g N 0.2 3.3-4.1 7
Methionine 1.9 2.2 g/kg 1.7 g/16g N 0.4 1.8 -3.1 7 0.5 2.2 -3.4 7 0.2 1.5-2.1 9
Cystine 3.4 4 g/kg 3.1 g/16g N 0.3 2.8-3.7 7
Methionine + cystine 5.4 6.3 g/kg 4.9 g/16g N 0.4 4.4-5.4 6
Tryptophan 1.4 1.6 g/kg 1.2 g/16g N 1.2 -2.2 4 0.2 1.1-1.6 5
Isoleucine 4.2 4.9 g/kg 3.8 g/16g N 0.3 3.3-4.4 7
Valine 5.8 6.8 g/kg 5.3 g/16g N 0.6 4.6-6.5 7
Leucine 8.1 9.4 g/kg 7.4 g/16g N 0.4 6.9-8 8
Phenylalanine 5.6 6.5 g/kg 5.1 g/16g N 0.3 4.5-5.5 7
Tyrosine 3.9 4.6 g/kg 3.6 g/16g N 0.3 3-3.9 5
Phenylalanine + tyrosine 9.5 11.1 g/kg 8.7 g/16g N 8.1-9.4 4
Histidine 2.4 2.8 g/kg 2.1 g/16g N 0.1 2-2.4 7
Arginine 7.5 8.8 g/kg 6.9 g/16g N 1.5 8.5 -12.8 6 0.5 5.8-7.2 7
Alanine 5.2 6 g/kg 4.7 g/16g N 0.3 4.3-5.1 7
Aspartic acid 9.5 11.1 g/kg 8.7 g/16g N
Glutamic acid 19.4 22.6 g/kg 17.7 g/16g N
Glycine 5.5 6.4 g/kg 5 g/16g N 0.3 4.5-5.2 7
Serine 5.3 6.2 g/kg 4.9 g/16g N 0.3 4.6-5.4 7
Proline 6.8 7.9 g/kg 6.2 g/16g N 7.8 -10.4 4
Pigs, amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine, ileal standardised, pig 3.6 4.2 g/kg 79 % 1
Threonine, ileal standardised, pig 3.1 3.6 g/kg 80 % 1
Methionine, ileal standardised, pig 1.6 1.9 g/kg 85 % 1
Cystine, ileal standardised, pig 2.9 3.4 g/kg 85 % 1
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig 4.5 5.3 g/kg 85 % 1
Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig 1.1 1.3 g/kg 82 % 1
Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig 3.4 4 g/kg 83 % 1
Valine, ileal standardised, pig 4.7 5.5 g/kg 81 % 1
Leucine, ileal standardised, pig 6.7 7.8 g/kg 83 % 1
Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig 4.6 5.4 g/kg 83 % 1
Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 3.3 3.9 g/kg 85 % 1
Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 8 9.3 g/kg 84 % 1
Histidine, ileal standardised, pig 1.9 2.3 g/kg 83 % 1
Arginine, ileal standardised, pig 6.5 7.6 g/kg 86 % 1
Alanine, ileal standardised, pig 4 4.6 g/kg 77 % 1
Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig 7.9 9.2 g/kg 83 % 1
Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig 16.9 19.7 g/kg 87 % 1
Glycine, ileal standardised, pig 4.4 5.1 g/kg 80 % 1
Serine, ileal standardised, pig 4.5 5.3 g/kg 85 % 1
Proline, ileal standardised, pig 5.8 6.7 g/kg 85 %
Poultry, amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry 4.1 4.8 g/kg 90 %
Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry 3.1 3.6 g/kg 80 %
Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.8 2.1 g/kg 92 %
Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.5 2.9 g/kg 73 %
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 4.3 5 g/kg 80 %
Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry 1.1 1.3 g/kg 79 %
Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry 3.8 4.4 g/kg 90 %
Valine, ileal standardized, poultry 5.1 5.9 g/kg 88 %
Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry 7.3 8.5 g/kg 90 %
Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry 5.2 6.1 g/kg 93 %
Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 3.4 3.9 g/kg 86 %
Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 8.6 10 g/kg 90 %
Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.1 2.4 g/kg 89 %
Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry 6.8 7.9 g/kg 90 %
Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry 4.4 5.1 g/kg 85 %
Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 7.8 9.1 g/kg 82 %
Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 17 19.9 g/kg 88 %
Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry 4.5 5.2 g/kg 82 %
Serine, ileal standardized, poultry 4.4 5.1 g/kg 82 %
Proline, ileal standardized, poultry 5.4 6.3 g/kg 79 %
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