Lentils

Seeds of lentil (Lens esculenta Moench). Lentil is a major grain legume used around the world as human food.

Values

Main constituents
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Dry matter 88.4 100 % - 1.6 85.8 -92.1 22 2.5
Crude protein 23.4 26.4 % - 3.2 20.3 -29 23 3.6 10.3 -32.1 34
Crude fibre 4.3 4.9 % - 0.9 2.6 -6.8 20 1 2.9 -7.7 20
Crude fat 1.4 1.5 % - 0.8 0.5 -4.4 15 0.9 0.5 -5 26
Ash 3.1 3.5 % - 1 2.4 -9.3 18 1.1 2.1 -6.8 28
Insoluble ash 0.3 0.3 % - 1 1
NDF 12.6 14.3 % - 5.6 10.9 -25.3 5 6.3 8.1 -27.4 15
ADF 4.8 5.4 % - 0.9 3.3 -5.6 5 1 3.3 -6.2 14
Lignin 1.4 1.6 % - 1 -1.8 2 1.2 -2 2
Water insoluble cell walls 12.5 14.1 % -
Starch 40.1 45.3 % - 4.4 35.3 -46.7 16 4.9 29.7 -53.6 22
Starch, enzymatic method 38.5 43.5 % -
Total sugars 4.3 4.8 % -
Gross energy (kcal) 3900 4410 kcal/kg - 3610 -3940 2 3970 -4510 3
Gross energy (MJ) 16.3 18.5 MJ/kg - 15.1 -16.5 2 16.6 -18.9 3
Mineral elements
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Calcium 1.3 1.5 g/kg - 1.3 0.6 -4.9 6 1.5 0.6 -5.6 15
Phosphorus 3.9 4.4 g/kg - 0.9 2.9 -5.8 6 1.1 3.1 -6.6 16
Phytate phosphorus 2.5 2.9 g/kg 65 % P 1 1
Magnesium 1 1.2 g/kg - 0.2 0.9 -1.5 10
Potassium 8.7 9.9 g/kg - 1 8.2 -9.5 2 1.1 8.3 -11.3 10
Sodium 0.35 0.4 g/kg - 1 1
Chlorine 0.6 0.7 g/kg -
Sulfur 1.9 2.2 g/kg -
Dietary cation-anion difference 103 117 mEq/kg -
Electrolyte balance 222 251 mEq/kg -
Manganese 15 17 mg/kg - 1 3 14 -24 9
Zinc 33 38 mg/kg - 1 6 29 -44 9
Copper 11 12 mg/kg - 1 8 7 -32 9
Iron 187 212 mg/kg - 1 251 73 -654 9
Selenium 0.1 0.1 mg/kg -
Cobalt 0.2 0.2 mg/kg -
Iodine 0.01 0.01 mg/kg -
Fatty acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C12:0 lauric acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA 0-0 2
C14:0 myristic acid 0.06 0.07 g/kg 0.6 % FA 1 1 0.1 0.4-0.7 5
C16:0 palmitic acid 1.7 1.9 g/kg 15 % FA 1 1 2.4 12.7-18 6
C16:1 palmitoleic acid 0.02 0.03 g/kg 0.2 % FA 0.2-0.2 2
C18:0 stearic acid 0.2 0.2 g/kg 1.5 % FA 1 1 0.8 0-2 6
C18:1 oleic acid 2.4 2.7 g/kg 21.4 % FA 1 1 3.3 17-25.4 6
C18:2 linoleic acid 5.1 5.8 g/kg 45.9 % FA 1 1 5.4 37.6-54 6
C18:3 linolenic acid 1.3 1.5 g/kg 11.5 % FA 1 1 2.7 6.9-14.2 6
C18:4 stearidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:0 arachidic acid 0.1 0.1 g/kg 0.9 % FA 0.9-0.9 2
C20:1 eicosenoic acid 0.1 0.2 g/kg 1.3 % FA 1.2-1.4 4
C20:4 arachidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:0 behenic acid 0.1 0.1 g/kg 0.9 % FA 0.9-1 2
C22:1 erucic acid 0.08 0.09 g/kg 0.7 % FA 0.5-0.9 2
C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C24:0 lignoceric acid 0.1 0.1 g/kg 0.9 % FA 0.6-1.1 4
Fatty acids 1.1 1.3 % 82 % fat 4 78-89 5
Vitamins and pigments
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Vitamin A 0 0 1000 IU/kg - 0 -0 2
Vitamin D 0 0 1000 IU/kg -
Vitamin E 4.8 5.5 mg/kg - 4.9 -6 2
Vitamin K 0.05 0.06 mg/kg -
Vitamin B1 thiamin 2.6 2.9 mg/kg - 2.4 -3.4 3
Vitamin B2 riboflavin 2.2 2.4 mg/kg - 0.9 -3.3 3
Vitamin B6 pyridoxine 2.3 2.6 mg/kg - 2.3 -2.8 2
Vitamin B12 0 0 µg/kg - 0 -0 2
Niacin 19 21.5 mg/kg - 17.3 -25.7 2
Pantothenic acid 10.7 12.1 mg/kg - 11 -13.2 2
Folic acid 1.2 1.4 mg/kg - 1.4 -1.4 2
Biotin 0 0 mg/kg - 0 -0 2
Vitamin C 6.4 7.2 mg/kg - 7.1 -7.3 2
Choline 964 1091 mg/kg -
Ruminants
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
UFL INRA 2018 1.04 1.18 per kg -
UFV INRA 2018 1.06 1.19 per kg -
PDIA INRA 2018 39 44 g/kg -
PDI INRA 2018 90 102 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance INRA 2018 98 111 g/kg -
Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018 0.129 0.147 per kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 2750 3110 kcal/kg -
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 1840 2080 kcal/kg -
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 1860 2100 kcal/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 12.1 13.7 MJ/kg -
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 8.2 9.3 MJ/kg -
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 8.4 9.5 MJ/kg -
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 86.8 %
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 85.3 %
N degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 81 %
Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 77 %
DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 77 %
Lysine ruminants INRA 2018 - 7.7 % PDI
Threonine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5 % PDI
Methionine ruminants INRA 2018 - 1.7 % PDI
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.1 % PDI
Valine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.5 % PDI
Leucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 8.4 % PDI
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.2 % PDI
Histidine ruminants INRA 2018 - 2.3 % PDI
Arginine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.5 % PDI
UFL FL1 INRA 2018 1.06 1.2 per kg -
UFV FL1 INRA 2018 1.08 1.22 per kg -
PDIA FL1 INRA 2018 33 38 g/kg -
PDI FL1 INRA 2018 86 98 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018 101 114 g/kg -
UFL FL4 INRA 2018 1.01 1.14 per kg -
UFV FL4 INRA 2018 1.01 1.14 per kg -
PDIA FL4 INRA 2018 49 55 g/kg -
PDI FL4 INRA 2018 98 111 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018 90 101 g/kg -
UFL INRA 2007 1.02 1.15 per kg -
UFV INRA 2007 1.01 1.15 per kg -
PDIA INRA 2007 33 37 g/kg -
PDIN INRA 2007 146 165 g/kg -
PDIE INRA 2007 85 96 g/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal) 2720 3080 kcal/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ) 11.4 12.9 MJ/kg -
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 88.2 %
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 86.7 %
N digestibility ruminants - 76.9 % 1
N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants - 90 %
NDF digestibility ruminants - 88 %
N degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 86 % 1
Immediately degradable N (a) - 67 % 22 12-72 5
Potentially degradable N (b) - 29 % 28 11-84 5
Degradation rate of particles N (c) - 0.115 h-1 0.048 0.05-0.18 5
Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06) - 79 %
Immediately degradable starch (a) - 46 %
Potentially degradable starch (b) - 54 %
Degradation rate of particles starch (c) - 0.095 h-1
DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 80 %
Immediately degradable DM (a) - 56 %
Potentially degradable DM (b) - 42 %
Degradation rate of particles DM (c) - 0.08 h-1 0.058-0.131 4
Fatty acids digestibility ruminants - 62.6 %
Absorbable P ruminants 2.9 3.2 g/kg 73 % P
Absorbable Ca ruminants 0.7 0.8 g/kg 55 % Ca
Lysine ruminants INRA 2007 - 7.6 % PDIE
Threonine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.1 % PDIE
Methionine ruminants INRA 2007 - 1.7 % PDIE
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.4 % PDIE
Valine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.6 % PDIE
Leucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 8.3 % PDIE
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.1 % PDIE
Histidine ruminants INRA 2007 - 2.1 % PDIE
Arginine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.2 % PDIE
VEM CVB 2018 1015 1149 per kg -
VEVI CVB 2018 1108 1254 per kg -
DVE CVB 1991 84 95 g/kg -
OEB CVB 1991 104 118 g/kg -
DVLYS CVB 1991 4.9 5.6 g/kg -
DVMET CVB 1991 1.5 1.7 g/kg -
TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001 73.5 83.1 % -
DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001 3.41 3.85 Mcal/kg -
NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.77 2.01 Mcal/kg -
NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001 1.68 1.9 Mcal/kg -
NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.91 2.16 Mcal/kg -
NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.31 1.49 Mcal/kg -
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 25% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 13 %
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 50% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 15 %
EN Lactation ruminants GfE 7.2 8.1 MJ/kg -
nxP ruminants GfE 159 179 g/kg -
RNB ruminants GfE 12 14 g/kg -
Pigs
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE growing pig (kcal) 3410 3860 kcal/kg - 1
ME growing pig (kcal) 3220 3650 kcal/kg -
NE growing pig (kcal) 2340 2640 kcal/kg -
DE adult pig (kcal) 3540 4010 kcal/kg -
ME adult pig (kcal) 3330 3760 kcal/kg -
NE adult pig (kcal) 2410 2730 kcal/kg -
DE growing pig (MJ) 14.3 16.1 MJ/kg - 1
ME growing pig (MJ) 13.5 15.3 MJ/kg -
NE growing pig (MJ) 9.8 11.1 MJ/kg -
DE adult pig (MJ) 14.8 16.8 MJ/kg -
ME adult pig (MJ) 13.9 15.7 MJ/kg -
NE adult pig (MJ) 10.1 11.4 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility growing pig - 87.4 % 1
Energy digestibility adult pig - 90.8 %
OM digestibility growing pig - 89.2 %
OM digestibility adult pig - 92.3 %
N digestibility growing pig - 94.4 % 1
N digestibility adult pig - 97.8 %
Crude fat digestibility pig - 17.7 %
Digestible P pig (no phytase) 1.8 2.1 g/kg 47 %
Digestible P pig (with phytase) 2.8 3.1 g/kg 71 %
Poultry
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
AMEn cockerel (kcal) 2720 3080 kcal/kg -
AMEn cockerel, ground (kcal) 2460 2790 kcal/kg -
AMEn cockerel, pelleted (kcal) 2720 3080 kcal/kg -
AMEn broiler (kcal) 2660 3010 kcal/kg -
AMEn broiler, ground (kcal) 2400 2720 kcal/kg -
AMEn broiler, pelleted (kcal) 2660 3010 kcal/kg -
AMEn cockerel (MJ) 11.4 12.9 MJ/kg -
AMEn broiler (MJ) 11.2 12.6 MJ/kg -
Available P cockerel 1 1.1 g/kg 25 % P
Available P broiler 1 1.1 g/kg 25 % P
Horses
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
OM digestibility horse - 85.3 %
Energy digestibility horse - 82 %
Horse Forage Unit 0.96 1.08 per kg -
Digestible crude protein horse 183 207 g/kg -
Rabbits
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE rabbit (kcal) 3190 3610 kcal/kg -
ME rabbit (kcal) 2950 3340 kcal/kg -
DE rabbit (MJ) 13.3 15.1 MJ/kg -
ME rabbit (MJ) 12.3 14 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility rabbit - 81.8 %
N digestibility rabbit - 83.8 %
Fish
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE salmonids (kcal) 2320 2620 kcal/kg -
DE salmonids (MJ) 9.7 11 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility, salmonids - 59.4 %
N digestibility salmonids - 85.6 %
Amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine 14.3 16.2 g/kg 6.1 g/16g N 2.6 10.8 -19.2 14 0.8 4.3-7 14
Threonine 8.1 9.2 g/kg 3.5 g/16g N 1.5 6.3 -10.8 12 0.5 2.5-4.2 12
Methionine 1.9 2.1 g/kg 0.8 g/16g N 0.7 1.8 -2.5 3 0.7 1 -2.8 8 0.3 0.4-1.1 8
Cystine 2.8 3.2 g/kg 1.2 g/16g N 0.5 2.4 -3.7 8 0.2 0.9-1.5 8
Methionine + cystine 4.7 5.3 g/kg 2 g/16g N 1.2 3.5 -5.1 3 1.3 4.7 -8.6 12 0.4 1.7-3 12
Tryptophan 1.6 1.8 g/kg 0.7 g/16g N 1 0.2 1.5 -2.1 8 0.08 0.5-0.8 8
Isoleucine 9.2 10.4 g/kg 3.9 g/16g N 2 8 -12.9 11 0.6 3.1-4.7 11
Valine 9.7 11 g/kg 4.2 g/16g N 1.6 9.6 -14.2 8 0.3 3.8-4.8 8
Leucine 15.8 17.9 g/kg 6.8 g/16g N 2.4 13.4 -20.6 12 0.7 5.6-7.4 12
Phenylalanine 10.2 11.5 g/kg 4.4 g/16g N 1.7 10.2 -12.7 3 2 8.6 -14 8 0.6 3.6-5.5 8
Tyrosine 6.3 7.1 g/kg 2.7 g/16g N 1.1 5.5 -8.3 7 0.4 2.3-3.2 7
Phenylalanine + tyrosine 16.4 18.6 g/kg 7 g/16g N 2.8 14.2 -21.8 11 0.8 5.9-8.6 11
Histidine 5.5 6.2 g/kg 2.3 g/16g N 1.5 3.4 -8.1 12 0.5 1.3-3 12
Arginine 16.6 18.8 g/kg 7.1 g/16g N 3.5 9.9 -23 12 1.2 3.9-8.8 12
Alanine 8.9 10 g/kg 3.8 g/16g N 1.8 6 -11.7 11 0.6 2.4-4.3 11
Aspartic acid 25.4 28.7 g/kg 10.9 g/16g N 3.8 22.1 -32.1 11 1.1 9.2-12.4 11
Glutamic acid 34.8 39.4 g/kg 14.9 g/16g N 3.5 33.1 -43.8 11 0.8 13.8-16.3 11
Glycine 8.9 10.1 g/kg 3.8 g/16g N 1.2 7.9 -11.4 11 0.3 3.3-4.4 11
Serine 9.9 11.2 g/kg 4.2 g/16g N 3 7 -15.4 11 1.1 2.9-6 11
Proline 9 10.2 g/kg 3.9 g/16g N 1.3 6.5 -11.6 11 0.5 2.6-4.4 11
Pigs, amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine, ileal standardised, pig 11.8 13.3 g/kg 82 %
Threonine, ileal standardised, pig 6.6 7.4 g/kg 81 %
Methionine, ileal standardised, pig 1.6 1.8 g/kg 86 %
Cystine, ileal standardised, pig 2.3 2.6 g/kg 80 %
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig 3.8 4.3 g/kg 83 %
Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig 1.3 1.5 g/kg 82 %
Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig 7.7 8.7 g/kg 84 %
Valine, ileal standardised, pig 8 9.1 g/kg 83 %
Leucine, ileal standardised, pig 13.6 15.4 g/kg 86 %
Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig 8.8 9.9 g/kg 86 %
Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 5.4 6.1 g/kg 85 %
Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 13.9 15.7 g/kg 86 %
Histidine, ileal standardised, pig 4.7 5.3 g/kg 86 %
Arginine, ileal standardised, pig 14.9 16.9 g/kg 90 %
Alanine, ileal standardised, pig 7.3 8.2 g/kg 82 %
Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig 21.1 23.8 g/kg 83 %
Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig 30.8 34.8 g/kg 88 %
Glycine, ileal standardised, pig 7.3 8.2 g/kg 81 %
Serine, ileal standardised, pig 8.3 9.4 g/kg 84 %
Proline, ileal standardised, pig 7.6 8.6 g/kg 84 %
Poultry, amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry 11.7 13.2 g/kg 82 %
Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry 6.4 7.2 g/kg 78 %
Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.6 1.8 g/kg 85 %
Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.1 2.4 g/kg 74 %
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 3.6 4.1 g/kg 79 %
Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry 1.3 1.5 g/kg 81 %
Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry 7.6 8.6 g/kg 82 %
Valine, ileal standardized, poultry 7.9 9 g/kg 82 %
Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry 13.2 14.9 g/kg 83 %
Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry 8.5 9.7 g/kg 84 %
Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 5.2 5.9 g/kg 82 %
Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 13.4 15.2 g/kg 83 %
Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry 4.4 5 g/kg 81 %
Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry 14 15.9 g/kg 85 %
Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry 7.3 8.2 g/kg 82 %
Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 19.8 22.4 g/kg 78 %
Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 29.8 33.7 g/kg 86 %
Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry 7 8 g/kg 79 %
Serine, ileal standardized, poultry 7.9 9 g/kg 80 %
Proline, ileal standardized, poultry 7.4 8.3 g/kg 82 %
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