Faba bean, white flowers

Seed of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) from low-tannin, white-flowered varieties. Other names: horse bean, field bean.

Values

Main constituents
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Dry matter 86 100 % - 1.8 82.5 -89.7 34 3
Crude protein 26.7 31.1 % - 2.2 23.9 -30.6 38 2.4 26.5 -35.8 42
Crude fibre 7.4 8.6 % - 0.9 5.7 -9.5 25 1 6.7 -11 27
Crude fat 1 1.2 % - 0.2 0.8 -1.4 9 0.2 0.9 -1.6 10
Ash 3.5 4 % - 0.3 2.8 -4.1 28 0.4 3.3 -4.8 29
Insoluble ash 0.1 0.1 % -
NDF 12.9 15 % - 2.2 10 -16.6 16 2.6 11.1 -19.2 18
ADF 8.9 10.3 % - 1 7.3 -10.3 18 1.1 7.8 -11.8 20
Lignin 0.7 0.8 % - 0.6 0.1 -2.2 15 0.7 0.1 -2.6 17
Water insoluble cell walls 15 17.5 % - 1 12 -15.9 13 1.1 14.4 -18.5 14
Starch 37.1 43.1 % - 2.4 32.6 -39.8 19 2.6 38.3 -48.4 19
Starch, enzymatic method 30.2 35.1 % - 6.4 21.5 -37.3 9 7.5 25.5 -44.4 10
Total sugars 3.5 4.1 % - 0.7 2.7 -4.8 13 0.8 3.2 -5.7 13
Gross energy (kcal) 3850 4470 kcal/kg - 90 3690 -3980 23 50 4350 -4530 24
Gross energy (MJ) 16.1 18.7 MJ/kg - 0.4 15.5 -16.6 23 0.2 18.2 -19 24
Mineral elements
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Calcium 1.3 1.5 g/kg - 1 1
Phosphorus 4.8 5.6 g/kg - 0.5 3.2 -5 8 0.6 3.8 -5.8 8
Phytate phosphorus 2.9 3.4 g/kg 60 % P 0.6 1.7 -3.2 8 0.6 2 -3.7 8 14 44-81 8
Magnesium 1.7 2 g/kg -
Potassium 10.3 12 g/kg -
Sodium 0.1 0.12 g/kg -
Chlorine 0.7 0.8 g/kg -
Sulfur 1.8 2.1 g/kg -
Dietary cation-anion difference 137 159 mEq/kg -
Electrolyte balance 248 289 mEq/kg -
Manganese 7 8 mg/kg -
Zinc 31 36 mg/kg -
Copper 11 13 mg/kg -
Iron 73 85 mg/kg -
Selenium 0.02 0.02 mg/kg -
Cobalt 0.3 0.4 mg/kg -
Molybdenum 0.6 0.7 mg/kg -
Fatty acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
C6 + C8 + C10 fatty acids 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C12:0 lauric acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C14:0 myristic acid 0.03 0.03 g/kg 0.3 % FA 0.1 0.2-0.5 5
C16:0 palmitic acid 1.4 1.7 g/kg 17.2 % FA 2.2 12.6-21 59
C16:1 palmitoleic acid 0.01 0.01 g/kg 0.1 % FA 0.05-0.2 3
C18:0 stearic acid 0.2 0.3 g/kg 2.6 % FA 0.5 1.7-3.7 59
C18:1 oleic acid 2.2 2.5 g/kg 25.8 % FA 5.4 15-36.5 59
C18:2 linoleic acid 4.2 4.8 g/kg 49.9 % FA 6.1 28.3-59.7 59
C18:3 linolenic acid 0.3 0.3 g/kg 3.5 % FA 0.1 0.3 -0.5 7 0.1 0.3 -0.6 7 0.6 2.6-5.8 59
C18:4 stearidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:0 arachidic acid 0.1 0.1 g/kg 1.2 % FA 0.9-1.5 3
C20:1 eicosenoic acid 0.05 0.06 g/kg 0.6 % FA 0.6-0.6 2
C20:4 arachidonic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:0 behenic acid 0.04 0.04 g/kg 0.4 % FA 0.4-0.5 2
C22:1 erucic acid 0.01 0.01 g/kg 0.09 % FA 0.07-0.1 2
C22:5 docosapentaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C22:6 docosahexaenoic acid 0 0 g/kg 0 % FA
C24:0 lignoceric acid 0.02 0.03 g/kg 0.3 % FA 0.2-0.3 2
Fatty acids 0.8 1 % 80 % fat
Vitamins and pigments
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Vitamin A 0.05 0.06 1000 IU/kg -
Vitamin D 0 0 1000 IU/kg -
Vitamin E 0.5 0.6 mg/kg -
Vitamin K 0.09 0.1 mg/kg -
Vitamin B1 thiamin 5.6 6.5 mg/kg -
Vitamin B2 riboflavin 3.3 3.8 mg/kg -
Vitamin B6 pyridoxine 3.7 4.3 mg/kg -
Vitamin B12 0 0 µg/kg -
Niacin 28.3 32.9 mg/kg -
Pantothenic acid 9.8 11.4 mg/kg -
Folic acid 0 0 mg/kg -
Biotin 0.09 0.1 mg/kg -
Vitamin C 14 16.3 mg/kg -
Choline 958 1114 mg/kg -
Ruminants
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
UFL INRA 2018 1.03 1.2 per kg -
UFV INRA 2018 1.05 1.22 per kg -
PDIA INRA 2018 50 58 g/kg -
PDI INRA 2018 99 115 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance INRA 2018 123 143 g/kg -
Fill Unit ruminants INRA 2018 0.15 0.175 per kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 2720 3170 kcal/kg -
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 1820 2120 kcal/kg -
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (kcal) 1840 2140 kcal/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 11.8 13.7 MJ/kg -
NE lactation ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 7.9 9.2 MJ/kg -
NE meat production ruminants INRA 2018 (MJ) 8.1 9.4 MJ/kg -
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 87.4 %
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2018 - 86.2 %
N degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 79 %
Starch degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 74 %
DM degradability ruminants INRA 2018 - 75 %
Lysine ruminants INRA 2018 - 7.4 % PDI
Threonine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.8 % PDI
Methionine ruminants INRA 2018 - 1.4 % PDI
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.9 % PDI
Valine ruminants INRA 2018 - 5.4 % PDI
Leucine ruminants INRA 2018 - 8.5 % PDI
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2018 - 4.9 % PDI
Histidine ruminants INRA 2018 - 2.3 % PDI
Arginine ruminants INRA 2018 - 6.1 % PDI
UFL FL1 INRA 2018 1.05 1.22 per kg -
UFV FL1 INRA 2018 1.07 1.24 per kg -
PDIA FL1 INRA 2018 42 49 g/kg -
PDI FL1 INRA 2018 93 108 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance FL1 INRA 2018 128 149 g/kg -
UFL FL4 INRA 2018 1 1.16 per kg -
UFV FL4 INRA 2018 1 1.16 per kg -
PDIA FL4 INRA 2018 62 72 g/kg -
PDI FL4 INRA 2018 109 127 g/kg -
Rumen protein balance FL4 INRA 2018 112 130 g/kg -
UFL INRA 2007 0.99 1.16 per kg -
UFV INRA 2007 0.99 1.15 per kg -
PDIA INRA 2007 47 54 g/kg -
PDIN INRA 2007 171 198 g/kg - 184 -203 2
PDIE INRA 2007 97 113 g/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (kcal) 2670 3100 kcal/kg -
ME ruminants INRA 2007 (MJ) 11.2 13 MJ/kg -
OM digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 88.8 %
Energy digestibility ruminants INRA 2007 - 87.6 %
N digestibility ruminants - 78.4 %
N digestibility, intestinal, ruminants - 89 %
NDF digestibility ruminants - 88 %
N degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 82 %
Immediately degradable N (a) - 56 %
Potentially degradable N (b) - 40 %
Degradation rate of particles N (c) - 0.115 h-1
Starch degradability, ruminants (k=0.06) - 75 %
Immediately degradable starch (a) - 37 %
Potentially degradable starch (b) - 63 %
Degradation rate of particles starch (c) - 0.09 h-1
DM degradability ruminants (k=0.06) - 77 %
Immediately degradable DM (a) - 52 %
Potentially degradable DM (b) - 43 %
Degradation rate of particles DM (c) - 0.085 h-1
Fatty acids digestibility ruminants - 57.6 %
Absorbable P ruminants 3.5 4.1 g/kg 73 % P
Absorbable Ca ruminants 0.7 0.8 g/kg 55 % Ca
Lysine ruminants INRA 2007 - 7.4 % PDIE
Threonine ruminants INRA 2007 - 4.9 % PDIE
Methionine ruminants INRA 2007 - 1.5 % PDIE
Isoleucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.2 % PDIE
Valine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.5 % PDIE
Leucine ruminants INRA 2007 - 8.3 % PDIE
Phenylalanine ruminants INRA 2007 - 4.8 % PDIE
Histidine ruminants INRA 2007 - 2.2 % PDIE
Arginine ruminants INRA 2007 - 5.8 % PDIE
VEM CVB 2018 993 1155 per kg -
VEVI CVB 2018 1082 1258 per kg -
DVE CVB 1991 96 112 g/kg -
OEB CVB 1991 126 146 g/kg -
DVLYS CVB 1991 5 5.8 g/kg -
DVMET CVB 1991 1.4 1.7 g/kg -
TDN 1x ruminants NRC 2001 71.4 83.1 % -
DE 1x ruminants NRC 2001 3.36 3.91 Mcal/kg -
NE Lactation 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.76 2.04 Mcal/kg -
NE Lactation 4x ruminants NRC 2001 1.66 1.93 Mcal/kg -
NE Maintenance 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.89 2.2 Mcal/kg -
NE Gain 3x ruminants NRC 2001 1.3 1.52 Mcal/kg -
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 50% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 20 %
Rumen Undegradable Protein (diet 25% concentrate) NRC 2001 - 16 %
EN Lactation ruminants GfE 7 8.2 MJ/kg -
nxP ruminants GfE 168 196 g/kg -
RNB ruminants GfE 16 18 g/kg -
Pigs
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE growing pig (kcal) 3330 3870 kcal/kg - 180 3000 -3530 17 190 3530 -4180 18
ME growing pig (kcal) 3140 3650 kcal/kg -
NE growing pig (kcal) 2210 2570 kcal/kg -
DE adult pig (kcal) 3400 3950 kcal/kg -
ME adult pig (kcal) 3180 3700 kcal/kg -
NE adult pig (kcal) 2240 2610 kcal/kg -
DE growing pig (MJ) 13.9 16.2 MJ/kg -
ME growing pig (MJ) 13.1 15.3 MJ/kg -
NE growing pig (MJ) 9.2 10.7 MJ/kg -
DE adult pig (MJ) 14.2 16.5 MJ/kg -
ME adult pig (MJ) 13.3 15.5 MJ/kg -
NE adult pig (MJ) 9.4 10.9 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility growing pig - 86.5 % 4.2 80.2-94.3 18
Energy digestibility adult pig - 88.3 %
OM digestibility growing pig - 88.3 % 1.6 86.1-90.6 6
OM digestibility adult pig - 90 %
N digestibility growing pig - 83.4 % 5.6 70.1-90.7 18
N digestibility adult pig - 84.9 % 1
N digestibility ileal standardised pig - 84 % 2.2 78.8-84.6 6
Crude fat digestibility pig - 0 % 1
Digestible P pig (no phytase) 1.8 2.1 g/kg 37 %
Digestible P pig (with phytase) 2.7 3.1 g/kg 56 %
Poultry
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
AMEn cockerel (kcal) 2480 2880 kcal/kg -
AMEn cockerel, ground (kcal) 2480 2880 kcal/kg -
AMEn cockerel, pelleted (kcal) 2620 3050 kcal/kg -
AMEn broiler (kcal) 2420 2820 kcal/kg - 1 1
AMEn broiler, ground (kcal) 2420 2820 kcal/kg -
AMEn broiler, pelleted (kcal) 2570 2990 kcal/kg - 2860 -3040 2
AMEn cockerel (MJ) 10.4 12.1 MJ/kg -
AMEn broiler (MJ) 10.1 11.8 MJ/kg - 1 1
Available P cockerel 1.1 1.3 g/kg 23 % P
Available P broiler 1.1 1.3 g/kg 23 % P
Horses
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
OM digestibility horse - 87.5 %
Energy digestibility horse - 84 %
Horse Forage Unit 0.96 1.11 per kg -
Digestible crude protein horse 208 242 g/kg -
Rabbits
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE rabbit (kcal) 2960 3440 kcal/kg -
ME rabbit (kcal) 2670 3100 kcal/kg -
DE rabbit (MJ) 12.4 14.4 MJ/kg -
ME rabbit (MJ) 11.2 13 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility rabbit - 76.9 %
N digestibility rabbit - 90.7 %
Fish
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
DE salmonids (kcal) 2320 2690 kcal/kg -
DE salmonids (MJ) 9.7 11.3 MJ/kg -
Energy digestibility, salmonids - 60.2 %
N digestibility salmonids - 80.2 %
Amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine 17.2 20 g/kg 6.4 g/16g N 1.4 13.5 -19.7 20 1.6 15.3 -22 20 0.5 5.4-7 20
Threonine 9.5 11.1 g/kg 3.6 g/16g N 1 7.4 -10.5 21 1.1 8.4 -12.4 21 0.3 3.1-4.1 21
Methionine 1.9 2.2 g/kg 0.7 g/16g N 0.2 1.7 -2.3 21 0.3 1.9 -2.7 21 0.09 0.6-1 21
Cystine 3.4 4 g/kg 1.3 g/16g N 0.4 2.6 -4.1 21 0.5 3 -4.7 21 0.2 1-1.7 21
Methionine + cystine 5.3 6.2 g/kg 2 g/16g N 0.5 4.4 -6.1 21 0.6 5.1 -7.1 21 0.2 1.7-2.5 21
Tryptophan 2.2 2.6 g/kg 0.8 g/16g N 0.3 1.8 -2.7 12 0.4 2.1 -3.2 12 0.1 0.7-1.1 12
Isoleucine 10.9 12.6 g/kg 4.1 g/16g N 1.1 8.3 -13 19 1.3 9.4 -14.5 19 0.3 3.4-4.5 19
Valine 12.1 14.1 g/kg 4.5 g/16g N 1.4 9.5 -14.7 19 1.6 11.1 -16.8 19 0.5 3.7-5.5 19
Leucine 20.3 23.6 g/kg 7.6 g/16g N 1.7 15.6 -22.7 19 1.9 17.7 -25.3 19 0.5 6.3-8 19
Phenylalanine 11.2 13 g/kg 4.2 g/16g N 0.9 9.1 -13 18 1 10.3 -14.5 18 0.2 3.5-4.4 18
Tyrosine 8.5 9.9 g/kg 3.2 g/16g N 0.4 1.8-3.2 12
Phenylalanine + tyrosine 19.7 22.9 g/kg 7.4 g/16g N 0.4 6.1-7.5 12
Histidine 6.8 7.9 g/kg 2.5 g/16g N 0.6 5.8 -7.6 11 0.7 6.6 -8.7 11 0.2 2.2-2.8 11
Arginine 26.1 30.4 g/kg 9.8 g/16g N 3 17.4 -29.9 18 3.5 20.4 -35.1 18 0.9 7.2-10.5 18
Alanine 11 12.8 g/kg 4.1 g/16g N 0.8 9.6 -11.9 19 0.9 11.1 -14.1 19 0.3 3.5-4.6 19
Aspartic acid 32.1 37.4 g/kg 12 g/16g N
Glutamic acid 47.2 54.9 g/kg 17.6 g/16g N 4.8 38.2 -54.2 19 5.4 43.5 -60.5 19 1.5 14.4-19.8 19
Glycine 11.5 13.4 g/kg 4.3 g/16g N 1 9.5 -13.5 19 1.2 10.8 -15 19 0.3 3.5-4.8 19
Serine 13.6 15.8 g/kg 5.1 g/16g N 1.1 9.7 -14.6 19 1.2 11 -16.3 19
Proline 11.1 12.9 g/kg 4.1 g/16g N 1.1 8.1 -12.1 13 1.3 9.4 -13.8 13 0.3 3.1-4.6 13
Pigs, amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine, ileal standardised, pig 15.3 17.8 g/kg 89 % 1 1 2 86-93 7
Threonine, ileal standardised, pig 8 9.3 g/kg 84 % 1 1 5 79-93 7
Methionine, ileal standardised, pig 1.6 1.9 g/kg 86 % 1 1 8 77-103 7
Cystine, ileal standardised, pig 2.6 3.1 g/kg 77 % 1 1 7 72-91 7
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardised, pig 4.3 4.9 g/kg 80 % 1 1
Tryptophan, ileal standardised, pig 1.7 1.9 g/kg 75 % 71-80 3
Isoleucine, ileal standardised, pig 9.2 10.7 g/kg 84 % 1 1 1 83-86 7
Valine, ileal standardised, pig 10 11.7 g/kg 83 % 1 1 1 82-86 7
Leucine, ileal standardised, pig 17.6 20.4 g/kg 87 % 1 1 2 85-91 7
Phenylalanine, ileal standardised, pig 9.7 11.3 g/kg 87 % 1 1 3 84-91 7
Tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 7.2 8.4 g/kg 85 % 1 1 7 77-100 7
Phenylananine + tyrosine, ileal standardised, pig 16.9 19.6 g/kg 86 % 1 1 86-88 2
Histidine, ileal standardised, pig 6 7 g/kg 89 % 1 1 2 87-91 7
Arginine, ileal standardised, pig 24 27.9 g/kg 92 % 1 1 1 91-94 7
Alanine, ileal standardised, pig 9 10.4 g/kg 81 % 1 1 6 72-92 7
Aspartic acid, ileal standardised, pig 28.1 32.7 g/kg 88 % 1 1 2 86-92 7
Glutamic acid, ileal standardised, pig 41.9 48.8 g/kg 89 % 1 1 2 86-91 7
Glycine, ileal standardised, pig 9.4 10.9 g/kg 82 % 1 1 5 75-91 7
Serine, ileal standardised, pig 11.6 13.5 g/kg 85 % 1 1 1 84-87 7
Proline, ileal standardised, pig 9.1 10.6 g/kg 83 % 1 1 78-85 3
Poultry, amino acids
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Lysine, ileal standardized, poultry 14.8 17.2 g/kg 86 % 1
Threonine, ileal standardized, poultry 7.4 8.6 g/kg 78 % 1
Methionine, ileal standardized, poultry 1.6 1.9 g/kg 87 % 1
Cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 2.5 2.8 g/kg 72 % 1
Methionine + cystine, ileal standardized, poultry 4.1 4.8 g/kg 77 %
Tryptophan, ileal standardized, poultry 1.5 1.7 g/kg 66 % 1
Isoleucine, ileal standardized, poultry 8.7 10.1 g/kg 80 % 1
Valine, ileal standardized, poultry 9.6 11.1 g/kg 79 % 1
Leucine, ileal standardized, poultry 16.2 18.9 g/kg 80 % 1
Phenylalanine, ileal standardized, poultry 9.1 10.5 g/kg 81 % 1
Tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 7 8.1 g/kg 82 % 1
Phenylalanine + tyrosine, ileal standardized, poultry 16 18.7 g/kg 81 %
Histidine, ileal standardized, poultry 5.3 6.2 g/kg 79 % 1
Arginine, ileal standardized, poultry 22.7 26.4 g/kg 87 % 1
Alanine, ileal standardized, poultry 9.7 11.3 g/kg 88 %
Aspartic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 28 32.5 g/kg 87 %
Glutamic acid, ileal standardized, poultry 42.5 49.4 g/kg 90 %
Glycine, ileal standardized, poultry 9.4 11 g/kg 82 % 1
Serine, ileal standardized, poultry 11.5 13.4 g/kg 85 % 1
Proline, ileal standardized, poultry 8.4 9.8 g/kg 76 %
Origin France, ex field
Environmental impact
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Cumulative energy demand (non-renewable: fossil+nuclear) 1.49 1.73 MJ/kg -
Phosphorus consumption 4.17 4.85 g P/kg -
Climate change (ILCD) 168 196 g CO2eq/kg -
Acidification (ILCD) 0.0018 0.0021 mol H+eq/kg -
Eutrophication (CML baseline) 7.55 8.78 g PO4---eq/kg -
Land competition (CML non baseline) 0.0002 0.0002 m²yr/kg -
Origin France, ex storage agency
Environmental impact
Parameter As fed On DM Unit Other Unit SD Range Count SD Range Count SD Range Count
Cumulative energy demand (non-renewable: fossil+nuclear) 1.67 1.94 MJ/kg -
Phosphorus consumption 4.17 4.85 g P/kg -
Climate change (ILCD) 178 207 g CO2eq/kg -
Acidification (ILCD) 0.0019 0.0022 mol H+eq/kg -
Eutrophication (CML baseline) 7.8 9.08 g PO4---eq/kg -
Land competition (CML non baseline) 0.0002 0.0002 m²yr/kg -
CSVXLSXXML